Life and Work of Lieutenant Colonel of Militia Alexey N. Ovchinnikov in 1920s – 1941

This article reconstructs the early history of the Soviet militia in Western Siberia. The research was based on the personal archive of Lieutenant Colonel A. N. Ovchinnikov and previously unpublished official documents stored in the archives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Altai Krai and in the Novosibirsk Region. The research featured A. N. Ovchinnikov’s professional activity and personal participation in the development of militia in the Altai Krai and Kuzbass. When A. N. Ovchinnikov joined the militia forces, the institution was undergoing some radical reforms, e.g. it merged with the Joint State Political Directorate, became militarized and politicized, etc. In the 1920s – 1940s, the Soviet militia turned into a command and administrative system that made collectivization and industrialization possible. Militia officers were evaluated not only by their professional qualities, but also by their party affiliation, political views, and education. The sources made it possible to reveal A. N. Ovchinnikov’s personal position in the process of militia development in the 1930s – 1940s. Despite the constant personnel shortage and the low level of education, the party managed to improve the discipline, qualifications, moral qualities, and political consciousness of militia officers, thus increasing their performance. The authors believe that personal historic narratives can be a valuable contribution to the historical studies of Soviet militia.

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Kainsky Pass (Outpost): History, Localization and Layout Plan

Vestnik NSU Series History and Philology ◽

10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-5-34-43 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 34-43

Author(s):

Sergey V. Gorokhov

Keyword(s):

18Th Century ◽

Early History ◽

Careful Study ◽

Holistic View ◽

Original Meaning ◽

Novosibirsk Region ◽

Text Fragment ◽

Travel Diary ◽

Defensive Structure ◽

History Of

Purpose. This work is a continuation of the series of articles by the author devoted to the localization, architecture and layout plan of the defensive structures, the purpose of which was to ensure safe and uninterrupted traffic along the segment of the Moscow-Siberian Route from Tara to Tomsk: Ust-Tartassky, Ubinsky passes (outposts), Bergamak, Chausky and Umrevinsky ostrogs, Abakhan winter hut. Without a holistic view of the origin of these objects it is impossible to get a sufficiently complete picture of the functioning of the most important land transport communication in the Ob-Irtysh interfluve during the period of its formation in the first half of the 18th Century. The purpose of this study is to localize the Kainsky Pass and reconstruct its layout plan based on written sources. Results. The etymology of the word “pass” is established. Based on the original meaning of the word, the purpose of the construction of the Baraba outposts was identified. A text fragment from travel diary of J. G. Gmelin, dedicated to the Kainsky Pass (1741) was translated into Russian. Based on this source, the exact location of the Kainsky Pass (outpost) on the territory of the modern town of Kuybyshev (Novosibirsk Region) was determined (Str. Agafonov on the segment between Str. Kopiev and St. Saraynaya). A graphic and descriptive reconstruction of the layout plan of the Kainsky Pass was completed. It was established that the outpost had a sub-rectangular shape, “zaplot” constructed walls, two entrance towers, the yard contained the commander’s house, a barn, armoury room and 12 barracks. Outside the walls was a bathhouse. The Pass was surrounded by a ditch, Dragon’s teeth fortifications and cheval de frise. Conclusion. The analysis of J. G. Gmelin’s travel diary showed that this source is the main one on the early history of the Kainsky Pass. Without its careful study the first decades of this defensive structure can only be reconstructed hypothetically.

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Tamara Petrovna Indinok: “And in Every Line of Life there is a Trace…”

Juridical Science and Practice ◽

10.25205/2542-0410-2019-15-4-67-75 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 67-75

Author(s):

N. T. Leonenko

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Future Generations ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Significant Events ◽

Novosibirsk Region ◽

The Supreme Court ◽

Archival Documents ◽

Deputy Chairman ◽

History Of ◽

The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the memory of the retired Deputy Chairman of the Novosibirsk regional court, honored lawyer of the Russian Federation, holder of the order of Honor Tamara Petrovna Indinok – one of the best representatives of the judicial community of the Novosibirsk region, who gave all her knowledge and energy for the benefit of the region's development. The biography is given against the background of the most significant events in the history of the country and the region, the history of the development of law in order to preserve for future generations of lawyers the history of creation, creativity, overcoming and victories committed by the older generation. When preparing the article, archival documents, personal archive of T. I. Indinok, articles in the journal of the Judicial Department Of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in the Novosibirsk region and the Judicial community of the Novosibirsk region were used. The article presents an exclusively professional activity, and practically nothing about his personal life. I'm sure you can't tell everything about a person. It is remembered, at B. Pasternak about it it is told so: «and it is necessary to leave gaps // in destiny, instead of among papers, // Places and chapters of life whole // Otcherkivaya on fields”.

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Book as a Cure of the Condemned: From the History of Penitentiary System of Western Siberia (second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century)

Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)] ◽

10.25281/0869-608x-2016-1-2-171-176 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 171-176

Author(s):

Olga N. Naumenko ◽

Evgeny A. Naumenko

Keyword(s):

Fairy Tales ◽

Western Siberia ◽

Political Prisoners ◽

Prison Literature ◽

Compensation Factor ◽

History Of ◽

Revolutionary Literature ◽

Moral Qualities ◽

Almost All ◽

The Relationship

Historical experience of education by the means of books, known as culture of reading, started being weakened in “the age of Internet”. Novelty of the article is in the described process of impact of the book on criminals in the territory of Western Siberia considered through the cultural, historical and psychological aspects. With the use of previously unknown archival materials there are revealed the cure methods of the condemned by using the book, and the relationship to the prison literature of the political prisoners. The personality of prisoners differed by a set of moral qualities, but almost all of them were ready to the perception of people around and themselves through the literature. Illiteracy was the main obstacle in education of the condemned, but the administration of prisons opened prison schools and organized reading literature aloud. The first prison libraries appeared in the 1860-ies and were replenished generally at the expense of philanthropists. F.M. Dostoyevsky’s novels “Crime and Punishment” and “Notes from the Dead House”, fairy tales and poems by A.S. Pushkin were the most popular books: they filled life with romanticism and were a compensation factor. Political prisoners denied any educational methods, preferring to read revolutionary literature. It is impossible to track extent of impact of book on the process of correction of criminals, but it is possible to claim that libraries started forming the atmosphere of book which is the most important condition of education in prisons, and is a necessary prerequisite for correction of a convicted person.

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Some early history of replica techniques for electron microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100130018 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1076-1077

Author(s):

Robert M. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Electron Microscopy ◽

Optical Microscope ◽

Early History ◽

Bulk Materials ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Reflected Light ◽

History Of ◽

Electron Microscopes

By 1940, a half dozen or so commercial or home-built transmission electron microscopes were in use for studies of the ultrastructure of matter. These operated at 30-60 kV and most pioneering microscopists were preoccupied with their search for electron transparent substrates to support dispersions of particulates or bacteria for TEM examination and did not contemplate studies of bulk materials. Metallurgist H. Mahl and other physical scientists, accustomed to examining etched, deformed or machined specimens by reflected light in the optical microscope, were also highly motivated to capitalize on the superior resolution of the electron microscope. Mahl originated several methods of preparing thin oxide or lacquer impressions of surfaces that were transparent in his 50 kV TEM. The utility of replication was recognized immediately and many variations on the theme, including two-step negative-positive replicas, soon appeared. Intense development of replica techniques slowed after 1955 but important advances still occur. The availability of 100 kV instruments, advent of thin film methods for metals and ceramics and microtoming of thin sections for biological specimens largely eliminated any need to resort to replicas.

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