scholarly journals Active Complicity in the Activities of an Undesirable Foreign or International Organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
Svetlana Sheveleva ◽  
Irina Grigorova ◽  
Dmitriy Grigorov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
The Russian Federation

Federal Law No. 292-FZ adopted on July 1, 2021, amended Article 284.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The procedure expanded the term of active complicity in that part of the Criminal Code that is aimed at early prevention of crimes that may affect the constitutional foundations and security of Russian society, e.g. development of destructive tendencies among the population under the influence of foreign organizations. The research objective is was to determine the limits of liability for 1) participation in the activities of a foreign or international organization recognized as "undesirable" on the territory of Russia (Part 1 of Article 284.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation); 2) complicity by financing such an organization (Part 2); 3) organizing the activities of such an organization on the territory of Russia (Part 3). The authors defined a set of criteria for distinguishing "undesirable" international or foreign religious organizations from those recognized in Russia as extremist. The article introduces the authors’ vision of the three forms of active complicity. The authors explain the technical and legal flaws in Article 284.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and propose their own variant.

THE CONTROL FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Mihaylenko ◽  
Elena Bondar'
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Freedom Of Conscience ◽  
Religious Associations ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article analyzes the concept of control over the activities of religious organizations. The authors focus on certain provisions of the Federal Law “On Freedom of Conscience and on Religious Associations”, for example, one of which contains the following subject of control — the conformity of the activities of religious associations with their statutory goals.

The use of mass media and information and telecommunication networks as an evidence of offences punished for illegal trafficking of items and materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Andrey Antipov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Special Control ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In This paper is dedicated to the examination of one of the most relevant and significant problems of Russian society – illegal trafficking of items and materials, carried out using mass media andinformation and telecommunication networks. Top officials of the state raise the issue of the importance of special control in this area by law enforcement agencies. Despite this attention, comprehensive study on the criminal-legal significance of the use of mass media and information and telecommunication networks in illegal trafficking has not been yet undertaken in the frame of criminal law of Russia. The author examines the concept of «illegal traffic», analyses the texts of the articles of the criminal code of the Russian Federation, which explicitly criminalize illicit trafficking. The author makes a conclusion about the reasonableness of making changes to certain articles of the criminal code of the Russian Federation, in regard to the part concerning establishing stricter penalties for committing socially dangerous acts using mass media and information and telecommunication networks.

scholarly journals Novels of the Criminal Code on responsibility for abusesin public procurement: background and problems of qualification

2018 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Asnis
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Service Contract ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Contract Managers

The article deals with the criminological grounds and background of the adoption of the Federal law of April 23, 2018 № 99-FZ, which introduced criminal liability for abuse in the procurement of goods, works and services for state or municipal needs (Art. 2004 of Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and for bribery of employees of contract service, contract managers, members of the Commission on the implementation of the procurement of persons engaged in the acceptance of the delivered goods, performed works or rendered services, other authorized persons, representing interests of customer in the scope of the relevant procurement (Art. 2005 of the Criminal Code).The author formulates private rules of qualification of the corresponding crimes and differentiation of their structures from structures of adjacent crimes and administrative offenses. The necessity of changing the position of the legislator regarding generic and direct objects of these crimes, the adoption of a special resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation to explain the practice of applying the relevant innovations.

PUNISHMENT FOR SLANDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Plaksina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Legal Response ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Previous Edition ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Explanatory Memorandum ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Share

Federal Law No. 538-FZ of 30 December 2020 substantially tightened the sanctions of the libel article, which previously contained only fines and compulsory labour, by including com-pulsory labour, arrest and imprisonment in most of them. The explanatory memorandum to the bill explained the changes by the need to provide the court with the choice of fair punish-ment, without specifying this provision in detail. As part of the research described in the article, statistics for the Russian Federation for 2013-2020 were taken from the reports of the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation to study the practice of punishment for defamation. The analysis showed that law enforcers used the potential of sanctions of Article 128-1 of the Criminal Code in their previous edition to a very limited extent. This was reflected in the high share of fines among penalties imposed, as well as in insignificant amounts of fines even for qualified and especially qualified types of libel, despite the fact that sanctions provide for high maxi-mum fine limits - from RUB 500,000 in part 1 of Article 128-1 of the Criminal Code to RUB 5 million in part 5. In particular, the share of fine among penalties imposed for simple libel was over 85%, and the average fine was equal in 2018 to RUB 11,500. - 11.5 thousand roubles, in 2019 - 13.7 thousand roubles, in 2020. - 16.3 thousand roubles. In 2018, the average fine for public libel (part 2, article 128-1 of the Criminal Code) was 19,500 rubles; in 2020 - 23,100 rubles. - The sanction allowed for a fine of up to 1 million roubles, while the sanction allowed for a fine of up to 1 million roubles. Moreover, over a quarter of those convicted for especially qualified defamation under part 5 of article 128-1 of the Criminal Code were sentenced to a fine of 5,000 rubles, i.e., one thousand times less than the maximum limit established by the sanction. Only in single cases of slander convictions, the fine exceeded 100 thousand rubles. The establishment of custodial sentences for qualified and especially qualified types of defamation seems excessive: a verbal crime against a person's honour and dignity does not require such a harsh criminal legal response. Moreover, the legislator has designed sanctions with too broad a framework, fraught with the risk of arbitrariness in sentencing and the for-mation of contradictory judicial practice (for example, under part 5 of article 128-1 of the RF Criminal Code, both a fine of 5 thousand rubles, and imprisonment for the period of 5 years can be imposed). The inclusion of arrest in the sanction cannot be considered justified, as this type of punishment has not been introduced yet. The optimum way to improve the sanctions for the part 2 to 5 parts of Article 128-1 of the Criminal Code of the RF would be to enhance them with correctional labour and restriction of freedom. These types of punishments corre-spond to the typical level of public danger of qualified and especially qualified types of slan-der and perpetrators of such deeds. Their inclusion in the sanctions would compensate for the disadvantages of the latter, related to the restrictions enshrined in the law on imposing com-pulsory works and large fines.

About the Thefts Provided by item «g» of Part 3 of Article 158, Articles 1593, 1596 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
E. V. Peysikova ◽  
◽  
Yu. I. Antonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the analysis of judicial practice in cases of the thefts provided by item «g» of part 3 of article 158 and articles 1593 and 1596 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article notes the challenges in applying these rules in practice; demonstrates their restrictive features with regards to the doctrine of Criminal law. The article is written for the purpose of uniform application of these norms in practice after entry into force of the Federal Law of 23 April 2018, № 111-FZ.

Punishability of the acts of extremist orientation provided by Article 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Сергеевич Дядькин
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Sharp Growth ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Modern Russian

В статье представлены результаты анализа наказуемости за одно из наиболее распространенных в последнее время в Российской Федерации преступление, предусмотренное ст. 282 УК РФ - возбуждение ненависти либо вражды, а равно унижение человеческого достоинства. В последние годы имеет место резкий рост количества осуждений лиц по ст. 282 УК РФ. Данная практика крайне репрессивна, не поддерживает одобрения в обществе, существенно критикуется и негативно оценивается даже властью, которая в последнее время предприняла действия по изменению сложившейся ситуации. Изменение структуры привлечения и осуждения лиц по ч. 1 и ч. 2 ст. 282 УК РФ - исчезновение квалификации действий лиц по ч. 2 - свидетельствует об изменении характера данных преступлений, способа их совершения, а самое главное - подходов к привлечению лиц к ответственности за совершение преступлений экстремистской направленности. Работа правоохранительных органов полностью переключилась с выявления, пресечения и наказания экстремистских деяний, совершаемых в реальной жизни, и на данный момент абсолютное большинство лиц, привлеченных по ст. 282 УК РФ, - это лица, допустившие те или иные высказывания» в социальных сетях. Ч. 2 ст. 282 УК РФ (квалифицирующие признаки, ее составляющие) на данный момент потеряли свою актуальность и не отвечают современным реалиям. Наказуемость за преступления, предусмотренные ст. 282 УК РФ, атипична по отношению к общей структуре применения наказаний в РФ за преступления в целом: за данное преступление осуждается к условному лишению свободы 61 % лиц, 11 % - к реальному лишению свободы. Данное положение вещей отражает ситуацию, когда дефиниция преступления по своему существу не отвечает ожиданиям современного российского общества, при этом внутреннее убеждение судейского корпуса также находится в определенном диссонансе. Современные российские реалии не позволяют судам выносить оправдательные приговоры в достаточном количестве, и судам приходится применять к лицам, по сути невиновным, наказания крайне незначительные или условно. По ст. 282 УК РФ данная тенденция явно прослеживается. Results of the analysis of punishability for one of the most widespread in the Russian Federation the crime provided by Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are presented recently in article there is an arousing hatred or hostility, and humiliation of human dignity is equal. In recent years the sharp growth of number of condemnations of persons according to Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation takes place. This practice is extremely repressive, does not support approval in society, is significantly criticized and negatively estimated even by the power which took actions for change of a situation to the sphere recently. Change of structure of attraction and condemnation of persons according to Pt. 1 and Pt. 2 of Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation - disappearance of qualification of actions of persons according to Pt. 2 - demonstrates to change of nature of these crimes, a way of their commission, and the most important - approaches to involvement of persons to responsibility for commission of crimes of extremist orientation. Work of law enforcement agencies completely switched from identification, suppression and punishment of the extremist acts made in real life, and at the moment the vast majority of the persons involved according to Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are faces the allowed these or those statements on social networks. Pt. 2 of Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (the qualifying signs, it making) at the moment lost the relevance and do not answer modern realities. The punishability for the crimes provided by Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is atypical in relation to the general structure of application of punishments in the Russian Federation for crimes in general: for this crime it is condemned to conditional imprisonment 61 % of persons, 11 % - to real imprisonment. This state of affairs reflects a situation when the crime definition on the being does not answer expectations of modern Russian society, at the same time the internal belief of judiciary also is in a certain dissonance. Modern Russian realities do not allow vessels to pronounce justificatory sentences in enough, and vessels should apply to persons, in fact the innocent, punishments extremely insignificant or is conditional. According to Art. 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation this trend is obviously traced.

ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY BY LEGAL MEANS

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Назаренко ◽  
Gennadiy Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Official Status

In the article anti-corruption policy is considered in criminal law and in the preventive aspects. The definition of anti-corruption policy by legal means is given. It is shown that the most significant and effective tool in this direction (kind) of policy is the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. However, the preventive potential of criminal law is not enough. The law does not cover a lot of corruption manifestations, which are involved in the use of any official status, its authority and opportunities. Up to the present time criminal law is not given with the accordance of the Federal Law «On combating corruption» from 25.12..2008 №273-FZ (as amended on 22.12.2014). Criminal law measures applied to corrupt officials, have palliative nature: they are based on the concept of limited use of criminal law and mitigation of punishment. The author makes a reasonable conclusion that more effective implementation of anti-corruption policy requires the adoption of new criminal law which contains the Chapter on corruption crimes, sanctions of which must include imprisonment as punishment as well as confiscation of property or life deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or to be engaged in certain activities.

scholarly journals STRATEGIES FOR REGULATING CRYPTOCURRENCY IN THE RUSSIAN LEGISLATION: FORECAST FOR THE FUTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
Legal Control ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Future Evaluation

The paper discusses the future development of the cryptocurrency in the Russian Federation. At present, it can be defined as a new financial instrument based on distributed registry technology (Blokchein). It is the lack of server storage and a single issuer, the relative anonymity (pseudonymity) and mobility calculations allow us to consider financial cryptocurrency to be a technology of the future. Evaluation of the prospects for the development of the regulatory and protective law of the Russian Federation, the author begins with an assessment of the world's leading strategies for regulating the virtual currency: permissive, prohibitive and observant. The author argues the problem of searching for the optimal model of the cryptocurrency legalization, considering it to be a kind of a computer program: means of exchange, a monetary symbol, a cashless cash, an electronic money and a security, a commodity, other property, property right, etc. Particular attention is paid to the critical analysis of the draft federal law on the declaration of a crypto currency by a surrogate and the introduction of a new composition in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation - article 187.1 "Turnover of money surrogates" with the establishment of responsibility in the form of a fine of up to 500 thousand rubles or imprisonment for up to four Years for production, purchase for sale, as well as the sale of money surrogates. As one of the developers of the draft law on legalization of the cryptocurrency in the Russian Federation, the author of this paper identifies the most important aspects that need in legal control. They are identification of exchange sites and the user, verification of transactions based on documents, data and information (validation), determination of the beneficial owner, Relations and monitoring of transactions with the cryptocurrency in accordance with the risk profile.

scholarly journals Another example of the situational nature of changes in domestic criminal and criminal procedural legislation or a vital short story?

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Nikolay Letelkin ◽  
Dmitry Neganov
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article examines the situationality of modern lawmaking in the field of criminal law in the context of the adoption of the federal law of 1.04.2020 No. 100-FZ «On Amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Articles 31 and 151 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation», adopted by the State The Duma of the Russian Federation in connection with the pandemics of the Corona Virus Disеаsе 2019 (COVID-19).

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