GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SOME WHEAT LANDRACES FOR SOME QUALITATIVE TRAITS AND PROTEIN FINGER PRINTING

The allelic variations at glutenin loci could significantly affect the bread baking quality, and specific glutenin alleles might be closely associated with greater gluten strength, which, in turn, is related to superior bread baking quality. In this study, allelic variations at Glu-1, Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci were evaluated in 222 Korean wheat landraces using gene-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers. Ten alleles were identified at Glu-1 loci. Glu-A1c, Glu-B1b, and Glu-D1a or Glu-D1f alleles were predominantly found at the respective loci and their frequencies were 86.5, 87.8 and 96.9 %, respectively. Seven Korean wheat landraces carried the Glu-D1d allele, and only one Korean wheat landrace (IT173162) achieved 10 points for the Glu-1 score. Fifteen alleles were identified at Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci; Glu-A3c and Glu-B3d or Glu-B3i alleles were commonly found at the respective loci and their frequencies were 77.0, 33.3 and 37.8 %, respectively. Glu-B3 alleles exhibited the highest genetic diversity than other alleles, while Glu-B1 and Glu-A1 alleles exhibited the lowest genetic diversity than other alleles. Twenty Korean wheat landraces had the Glu-A3d and Glu-B3b, Glu-B3d, Glu-B3f, Glu-B3g or Glu-B3i alleles, which were correlated with superior bread baking quality. Among these wheat lines, two (IT59787 and IT236544) carried the Glu-D1d allele.

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Temporal diversity changes among 198 Nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars detected by retrotransposon-based S-SAP analysis

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262108983544 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 (02) ◽

pp. 113-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Shu-Chin Hysing ◽

Torbjörn Säll ◽

Hilde Nybom ◽

Erland Liljeroth ◽

Arnulf Merker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Pedigree Information ◽

Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽

Subsequent Increase ◽

Principal Coordinates ◽

Frequent Exchange ◽

Wheat Landraces

The sequence-specific amplified polymorphism (S-SAP) method was used to genotype 198 Nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars from the 19th to the 21st centuries. It was shown that theSukkula-9900-LARD retrotransposon primer was highly suitable for resolving closely related wheat materials. Cluster analysis was generally consistent with pedigree information and revealed a clear separation for growth habit but not for countries. A principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed a separation into different time periods (before 1910, 1910–1969 and 1970–2003). These results are consistent with the breeding history and pedigree information, indicating that little hybridization has occurred between winter and spring wheat, in contrast to frequent exchange of germplasm between the Nordic countries. Estimates of gene diversity, the PCoA results, and changes in band frequencies across time indicate that plant breeding has led to substantial genetic shifts in Nordic wheat. Diversity was reduced through selections from landraces during the early 20th century, followed by a period of relatively lower genetic diversity, and a subsequent increase and net gains in diversity from the late 1960s onwards through the use of exotic germplasm. Thus, an anticipated loss of overall genetic diversity was found to be negligible, although allele losses have occurred at specific loci.

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Genetic diversity of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit compositions in bread wheat landraces originated from Turkey

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262116000356 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 28-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ridvan Temizgul ◽

Mikail Akbulut ◽

Domenico Lafiandra

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

High Molecular Weight ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Genetic Erosion ◽

Allele Polymorphism ◽

Wheat Landraces

AbstractFocusing on 116 bread wheat landraces, this study investigated high molecular weight glutenin allele polymorphism, gene diversity, genetic variation and linkage disequilibrium (LD) inGlu-1loci. To identify gluten alleles, sodium dodesyl sulphate-polyacrylamide, gel electrophoresis was used and for statistical analyses POPGENE software was employed. The results indicated that average genetic variation (h) was the highest inGlu-B1(0.6421) and the lowest inGlu-A1locus (0.4548); genetic similarity ratio (I) was the highest inGlu-B1(1.4170); the highest average genetic diversity (Ht) was observed inGlu-B1(0.6575) and the lowest diversity was observed inGlu-A1(0.4558). It was also observed that genetic diversity inGlu-1locus was largely due to intra-population variations. Inter-population gene flow was also calculated as 4.0051. Marmara and Southeastern Anatolia regions, the results further indicated, had the highest (2.8691) and lowest (0.1694) heterozygosity. Genetic erosion risk for Turkish bread wheat landraces was also seen to be high. Considering the mutual analyses of subunits of nationwide wheat landraces, it is possible to speculate about a limited migration between the landraces. LD of the landraces was largely because of this limited migration and/or epistatic natural selection. Since Turkey is known as the gene centre for major cereals including wheat, barley, rye and oat, where they diversified and spread throughout the world, studying the gluten allele diversity of Turkish bread wheat landraces is important. In addition, this study has revealed the applicability of LD, and neutrality tests to gluten protein diversity for the first time.

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High-Throughput Genotype, Morphology, and Quality Traits Evaluation for the Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Wheat Landraces from Sicily

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8050116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 116 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fiore ◽

Mercati ◽

Spina ◽

Blangiforti ◽

Venora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Extreme Environments ◽

Principal Component ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽

Principal Coordinates ◽

Wide Range ◽

Wheat Landraces ◽

Durum Wheat Landraces

During the XX Century, the widespread use of modern wheat cultivars drastically reduced the cultivation of ancient landraces, which nowadays are confined to niche cultivation areas. Several durum wheat landraces adapted to the extreme environments of the Mediterranean region, are still being cultivated in Sicily, Italy. Detailed knowledge of the genetic diversity of this germplasm could lay the basis for their efficient management in breeding programs, for a wide-range range of traits. The aim of the present study was to characterize a collection of durum wheat landraces from Sicily, using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers, together with agro-morphological, phenological and quality-related traits. Two modern cv. Simeto, Claudio, and the hexaploid landrace, Cuccitta, were used as outgroups. Cluster analysis and Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) allowed us to identify four main clusters across the analyzed germplasm, among which a cluster included only historical and modern varieties. Likewise, structure analysis was able to distinguish the ancient varieties from the others, grouping the entries in seven cryptic genetic clusters. Furthermore, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was able to separate the modern testers from the ancient germplasm. This approach was useful to classify and evaluate Sicilian ancient wheat germplasm, supporting their safeguard and providing a genetic fingerprint that is necessary for avoiding commercial frauds to sustaining the economic profits of farmers resorting to landraces cultivation.

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