scholarly journals TRI-TROPHIC INTERACTION AMONG HOST PLANTS, APHID SPECIES, AND COCCINELLA UNDECIMPUNCTATA L. UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS.

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 669-682
Author(s):  
A. Abdel-Salam ◽  
Hala El-Serafy ◽  
Amira Abdel-Hady
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Trophic Interaction ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Coccinella Undecimpunctata

scholarly journals The Bacterial Flora Associated with the Polyphagous Aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Is Strongly Affected by Host Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shifen Xu ◽  
Liyun Jiang ◽  
Gexia Qiao ◽  
Jing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Symbiotic Associations

AbstractAphids live in symbiosis with a variety of bacteria, including the obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola and diverse facultative symbionts. The symbiotic associations for one aphid species, especially for polyphagous species, often differ across populations. In the present study, by using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, we surveyed in detail the microbiota in natural populations of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii in China and assessed differences in bacterial diversity with respect to host plant and geography. The microbial community of A. gossypii was dominated by a few heritable symbionts. Arsenophonus was the most dominant secondary symbiont, and Spiroplasma was detected for the first time. Statistical tests and ordination analyses showed that host plants rather than geography seemed to have shaped the associated symbiont composition. Special symbiont communities inhabited the Cucurbitaceae-feeding populations, which supported the ecological specialization of A. gossypii on cucurbits from the viewpoint of symbiotic bacteria. Correlation analysis suggested antagonistic interactions between Buchnera and coexisting secondary symbionts and more complicated interactions between different secondary symbionts. Our findings lend further support to an important role of the host plant in structuring symbiont communities of polyphagous aphids and will improve our understanding of the interactions among phytophagous insects, symbionts, and environments.

Effect of host plants on the development, survivorship and reproduction ofGrapholita molesta(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) under laboratory conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-fan Yang ◽  
F. Fan ◽  
Chun-seng Ma ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
Guo-shu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

scholarly journals New for Lithuania aphid species of the tribe Eulachnini (Hemiptera: Aphididae, Lachninae): is there any threat to local coniferous forests?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurij Danilov ◽  
Jekaterina Havelka ◽  
Rimantas Rakauskas
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Forest Pest ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Ecological Specificity ◽  
Available Information ◽  
First Time

Information about Eulachnini species in Lithuania concerns fragmentary faunistic data, therefore, their diversity, abundancy and ecological specificity is insufficiently studied. The aim of this work was to present available information on the new to Lithuania Eulachnini aphid species detected on coniferous plants in Lithuania in 2004 - 2017, with special regard to their potential impacts on forestry. Partial COI sequences (652 bp) were used to confirm morphology-based identification of new to Lithuania Eulachnini species and to investigate their genetic diversity and relationships with samples collected in other countries. Twenty-seven aphid species of the tribe Eulachnini were detected in 2004 – 2017 in Lithuania. Eight of them are reported from Lithuania for the first time: Cinara (Cinara) brauni, C. (C.) kochiana, C. (C.) neubergi, C. (C.) laricis, C. (C.) pectinatae, C. (C.) piceae, Eulachnus brevipilosus and E. nigricola. Five species of Eulachnini (C. (C.) piceae, C. (C.) nuda, C. (C.) piceicola, C. (C.) pinea, and C. (C.) pini) appeared to be most promising honey dew producers because their host plants, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris, are the most common conifers in Lithuania. Although five species of Eulachnini were listed in the identification key of forest pests in Lithuania, none of them were of particular importance for now. Out of the recently reported species, only Cinara piceae may be a potential forest pest as it appeared to be rather common in Lithuania and it has been reported as a pest of firs in nurseries of Czech Republic and Northern Caucasus. Most of the samples from Lithuania represented COI haplotypes, which were not previously detected in other countries.

scholarly journals Complex evolution in Aphis gossypii group (Hemiptera: Aphididae), evidence of primary host shift and hybridization between sympatric species

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245604
Author(s):  
Yerim Lee ◽  
Thomas Thieme ◽  
Hyojoong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Host Shift ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Approximate Bayesian

Aphids provide a good model system to understand the ecological speciation concept, since the majority of the species are host-specific, and they spend their entire lifecycle on certain groups of host plants. Aphid species that apparently have wide host plant ranges have often turned out to be complexes of host-specialized biotypes. Here we investigated the various host-associated populations of the two recently diverged species, Aphis gossypii and A. rhamnicola, having multiple primary hosts, to understand the complex evolution with host-associated speciation. Using mitochondrial DNA marker and nine microsatellite loci, we reconstructed the haplotype network, and analyzed the genetic structure and relationships. Approximate Bayesian computation was also used to infer the ancestral primary host and host-associated divergence, which resulted in Rhamnus being the most ancestral host for A. gossypii and A. rhamnicola. As a result, Aphis gossypii and A. rhamnicola do not randomly use their primary and secondary host plants; rather, certain biotypes use only some secondary and specific primary hosts. Some biotypes are possibly in a diverging state through specialization to specific primary hosts. Our results also indicate that a new heteroecious race can commonly be derived from the heteroecious ancestor, showing strong evidence of ecological specialization through a primary host shift in both A. gossypii and A. rhamnicola. Interestingly, A. gossypii and A. rhamnicola shared COI haplotypes with each other, thus there is a possibility of introgression by hybridization between them by cross-sharing same primary hosts. Our results contribute to a new perspective in the study of aphid evolution by identifying complex evolutionary trends in the gossypii sensu lato complex.

scholarly journals Biosecurity and aphids in New Zealand

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A.J. Teulon ◽  
M.A.W. Stufkens
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Short Generation Time ◽  
Parthenogenetic Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Rates

About 110 introduced aphid species (Hemiptera Aphididae) have been recorded in New Zealand Only 12 indigenous species have been recorded On average there has been about one new aphid incursion into New Zealand per year over the last 130 years although this rate has declined dramatically in recent years The origins of introduced aphids appear to include most parts of the globe Many introduced aphids damage economically important plants through their feeding and transmitting plant viruses Less quantifiable environmental impacts include injury to native plants and the displacement of native aphids on their host plants Aspects of aphid biology such as small size parthenogenetic reproduction high reproductive rates short generation time rapid dispersal and eruptive population dynamics pose particularly difficult challenges for aphid biosecurity in New Zealand

scholarly journals Expression differences in Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) females reared on different aphid host species

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel I. Ballesteros ◽  
Jürgen Gadau ◽  
Fabrice Legeai ◽  
Angelica Gonzalez-Gonzalez ◽  
Blas Lavandero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Host Acceptance ◽  
Aphid Host

The molecular mechanisms that allow generalist parasitoids to exploit many, often very distinct hosts are practically unknown. The wasp Aphidius ervi, a generalist koinobiont parasitoid of aphids, was introduced from Europe into Chile in the late 1970s to control agriculturally important aphid species. A recent study showed significant differences in host preference and host acceptance (infectivity) depending on the host A. ervi were reared on. In contrast, no genetic differentiation between A. ervi populations parasitizing different aphid species and aphids of the same species reared on different host plants was found in Chile. Additionally, the same study did not find any fitness effects in A. ervi if offspring were reared on a different host as their mothers. Here, we determined the effect of aphid host species (Sitobion avenae versus Acyrthosiphon pisum reared on two different host plants alfalfa and pea) on the transcriptome of adult A. ervi females. We found a large number of differentially expressed genes (between host species: head: 2,765; body: 1,216; within the same aphid host species reared on different host plants: alfalfa versus pea: head 593; body 222). As expected, the transcriptomes from parasitoids reared on the same host species (pea aphid) but originating from different host plants (pea versus alfalfa) were more similar to each other than the transcriptomes of parasitoids reared on a different aphid host and host plant (head: 648 and 1,524 transcripts; body: 566 and 428 transcripts). We found several differentially expressed odorant binding proteins and olfactory receptor proteins in particular, when we compared parasitoids from different host species. Additionally, we found differentially expressed genes involved in neuronal growth and development as well as signaling pathways. These results point towards a significant rewiring of the transcriptome of A. ervi depending on aphid-plant complex where parasitoids develop, even if different biotypes of a certain aphid host species (A. pisum) are reared on the same host plant. This difference seems to persist even after the different wasp populations were reared on the same aphid host in the laboratory for more than 50 generations. This indicates that either the imprinting process is very persistent or there is enough genetic/allelic variation between A. ervi populations. The role of distinct molecular mechanisms is discussed in terms of the formation of host fidelity.

scholarly journals No fitness costs are induced by Spiroplasma infections of Aphis citricidus reared on two different host plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Guidolin ◽  
F. L. Cônsoli
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Plant Utilization ◽  
High Infection

Abstract Aphids can harbor several secondary symbionts that alter important aphid-related ecological traits, such as defense against natural enemies, heat tolerance and host plant utilization. One of these secondary symbionts, Spiroplasma, is well known in Drosophila as a sex modulator and by interacting with the host immune system. However, little is known on the effects of Spiroplasma on aphids, such as its influence on the host immune defense against fungi and on host plant utilization. Aphid infections by Spiroplasma are known to be low and few aphid species were reported to be infected with this secondary symbiont, however aphids belonging to the genus Aphis in neotropical regions show high infection rates by Spiroplasma. Thus, we investigated the association of Spiroplasma with the tropical aphid Aphis citricidus through comparative biology experiments on two host plants with different nutritional value to the aphid. We demonstrate Spiroplasma induced no significant fitness costs to A. citricidus on either host plant as no changes in the fitness traits we assessed were observed. Spiroplasma infection only induced sutle changes on host longevity and fecundity. Therefore, we concluded Spiroplasma established a neutral interaction with A. citricidus under the selection pressure we tested, and argue on stress conditions that could better demonstrate the role of Spiroplasma in A. citricidus bioecology and associated costs involved.

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