scholarly journals Evaluation of physicochemical and trace metal qualities of rainwater in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Arif Hossen ◽  
Asiful Hoque ◽  
M. Salauddin ◽  
Sudip Kumar Pal ◽  
Mohammad Golam Muktadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
South Eastern

Abstract The chemical characteristics of rainwater in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh were investigated in this study in addition to identifying the potential sources of different precipitation constituents, which have often been unexplored or not well covered in the literature. Rainwater pH, major ions and trace metals were measured in samples collected from five different locations with different land-use patterns of the Chattogram Metropolitan area (CMA) during two rainy seasons. The results of this study showed variability in rainwater quality across the sites signifying site-specific influences. The mean concentration of all measured physicochemical parameters, ions and trace metals in rainwater samples was also found to be significantly lower compared with the drinking water quality standard of Bangladesh and WHO guidelines. The correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that and originated from anthropogenic sources, while the average concentration of trace metals found in rainwater was exhibited in the following order: Zn>Cu>Fe>Cr>Mn>Pb>Cd. The findings of this study could be used as a reference to further investigate the influences of industrial, urban and agricultural emissions that regulate the chemical characteristics of the atmosphere in particular areas of study.

scholarly journals Source Identification and Variation in the Chemical Composition of Rainwater in Southern-Eastern Region of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Arif Hossen ◽  
Asiful Hoque ◽  
Md Salauddin ◽  
Sudip K. Pal ◽  
Mohammad G. Muktadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Study Region

Abstract The present study portrayed a better understanding of the chemical characteristics of rainwater in South-Eastern region of Bangladesh (e.g. Chattogram) as well as to identify the potential sources of different precipitation constituents in the study region that were often unexplored and not well understood. Rainwater pH, major ions, and trace metals were measured in samples collected from five different locations with different land use patterns of Chattogram Metropolitan area (CMA) during the two rainy seasons. The samples were tested following standard protocols. The results of this study exhibit variability in rainwater quality across the sites signifying site-specific influences. The mean concentration of all measured physicochemical parameters, ions and trace metals in rainwater samples were found significantly lower compared to the drinking water quality standard of Bangladesh. In context of ionic constituents, the higher concentrations of nitrate (NO3-) and sulphate (SO42-) were generally in commercial area. The correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that NO3- and SO42- were from anthropogenic sources, e.g. automobile exhaust, incomplete fuel combustions, and industrial emissions. The average concentration of trace metals in rainwater was followed a decreasing order: Zn ˃ Cu ˃ Fe ˃ Cr ˃ Mn ˃ Pb ˃ Cd. Trace metals concentration, especially copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were found maximum in the industrial catchment area. The resulting outcomes of this study could be useful to investigate the influences of industrial, urban, and agricultural emissions that elaborate the physical processes regulating the chemical characteristic of the atmosphere in the investigated area.

scholarly journals Assessment of source apportionment and composition of trace elements in rainwater in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Arif Hossen ◽  
Md Salauddin ◽  
Asiful Hoque ◽  
Sudip Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Elements In Rainwater

<p>Rainwater is considered as a dependable potable and non-potable water source, used for domestic purposes as well as for human consumption in many cases. While it is usually believed that rainwater is safe for drinking purposes, many studies have explored the existence of trace metals in harvested rainwater, which can impose a serious health risk to human beings when present in relatively high concentrations. The concentration of trace elements in atmospheric precipitation including rainwater also provides a good indication of the environmental pollution caused by anthropogenic activities.</p><p>Chattogram, located in the south-eastern side of Bangladesh, is the busiest port city and the second-largest city in the country with a population of around 4.5 million people. With the presence of high salinity and arsenic in groundwater and poor quality of surface water in the region, rainwater harvesting is the most sustainable solution to be considered in the water system management for the area, particularly given annual mean precipitation of 2488 mm during the rainy season. In recent years, extensive studies have been carried out on the potential application of different rainwater harvesting systems across the region, but there have been very few studies devoted to the identification of the composition of trace elements in rainwater considering site-specific influences in the trace metal distribution in the rainwater.</p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition and source appointment of trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, and Cd) in rainwater in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh. To determine their sources and relative contributions in rainwater, a total of ninety-five rainwater samples were collected in this study from five different locations representing different land-use patterns (industrial, commercial, urban, and sub-urban) within the study area, from June 2018 to October 2019. The collected water samples were analyzed for Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, and Cd using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer maintaining standard protocols. The measured trace elements from the collected rainwater samples were then compared with the WHO and Bangladesh drinking water standards.</p><p>The resulting concentration of trace metals in this study was found within the allowable limits in accordance with WHO and Bangladesh drinking water standards, confirming the suitability of rainwater as a potable water source for human consumption. The average concentration of trace metals in rainwater was found in the order of Zn ˃ Cu ˃ Fe ˃ Cr ˃ Mn ˃ Pb ˃ Cd for the tested samples. Overall, the trace metal concentrations of Cu and Zn were predominantly observed in rainwater samples collected from the industrial area, indicating the influence of anthropogenic activities on atmospheric pollution. The concentrations of the trace elements in this work were found to be overall higher when compared to those reported in other investigations around the world. The measurements of this study would provide an indication of atmospheric pollution in rainwater caused by the anthropogenic origins of trace metals as well as provide a database of trace metals in rainwater for further relevant research studies across the country.</p>

scholarly journals Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-117
Author(s):  
K. Chon ◽  
Y. Kim ◽  
D. H. Bae ◽  
J. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas

Abstract. The chemical composition and organic compounds of rainwater were investigated from June to December 2012 at Gwangju in Korea. The volume weighted mean of pH ranged from 3.83 to 8.90 with an average of 5.78. 50 % of rainwater samples had pH values below 5.6. The volume-weighted mean concentration (VWMC) of major ions followed the order: Cl− > SO42− > NH4+ > Na+ > NO3− > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. The VWMC of trace metals decreased in the order as follows Zn > Al > Fe > Mn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd > Cr. The VWMCs of major ions and trace metals were higher in winter than in summer. The high enrichment factors indicate that Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd originated predominantly from anthropogenic sources. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) indicates the influence of anthropogenic pollutants, sea salt, and crustal materials on the chemical compositions of rainwater. Benzoic acids, 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, phthalic anhydride, benzene, acetic acids, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acids, benzonitrile, acetaldehyde, and acetamide were the most prominent pyrolysis fragments for rainwater organic compounds identified by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results indicate that anthropogenic sources are the most important factors affecting the organic composition of rainwater in urban area.

scholarly journals Trace metals contamination in groundwater and implications on human health: comprehensive assessment using hydrogeochemical and geostatistical methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 3819-3839 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Brindha ◽  
Rajib Paul ◽  
Julien Walter ◽  
Mou Leong Tan ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Human Exposure Assessment

Abstract Monitoring the groundwater chemical composition and identifying the presence of pollutants is an integral part of any comprehensive groundwater management strategy. The present study was conducted in a part of West Tripura, northeast India, to investigate the presence and sources of trace metals in groundwater and the risk to human health due to direct ingestion of groundwater. Samples were collected from 68 locations twice a year from 2016 to 2018. Mixed Ca–Mg–HCO3, Ca–Cl and Ca–Mg–Cl were the main groundwater types. Hydrogeochemical methods showed groundwater mineralization due to (1) carbonate dissolution, (2) silicate weathering, (3) cation exchange processes and (4) anthropogenic sources. Occurrence of faecal coliforms increased in groundwater after monsoons. Nitrate and microbial contamination from wastewater infiltration were apparent. Iron, manganese, lead, cadmium and arsenic were above the drinking water limits prescribed by the Bureau of Indian Standards. Water quality index indicated 1.5% had poor, 8.7% had marginal, 16.2% had fair, 66.2% had good and 7.4% had excellent water quality. Correlation and principal component analysis reiterated the sources of major ions and trace metals identified from hydrogeochemical methods. Human exposure assessment suggests health risk due to high iron in groundwater. The presence of unsafe levels of trace metals in groundwater requires proper treatment measures before domestic use.

scholarly journals Blood lead levels and associated sociodemographic factors among preschool children in the South Eastern region of China

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianghong Liu ◽  
Yuexian Ai ◽  
Linda McCauley ◽  
Jennifer Pinto-Martin ◽  
Chonghuai Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Lead Levels

Morphometrical and molecular evidence suggests cryptic diversity among hookworms (Nematoda: Uncinaria) that parasitize pinnipeds from the south-eastern Pacific coasts

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. González ◽  
Z. López ◽  
J.J. Nuñez ◽  
K.I. Calderón-Mayo ◽  
C. Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Subunit ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Neophoca Cinerea

AbstractHookworms of the genus Uncinaria parasitize pinniped pups in various locations worldwide. Four species have been described, two of which parasitize pinniped pups in the southern hemisphere: Uncinaria hamiltoni parasitizes Otaria flavescens and Arctocephalus australis from the South American coast, and Uncinaria sanguinis parasitizes Neophoca cinerea from the Australian coast. However, their geographical ranges and host specificity are unknown. Uncinaria spp. are morphologically similar, but molecular analyses have allowed the recognition of new species in the genus Uncinaria. We used nuclear genetic markers (internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA) and a mitochondrial genetic marker (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)) to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships of Uncinaria spp. parasitizing A. australis and O. flavescens from South American coasts (Atlantic and Pacific coasts). We compared our sequences with published Uncinaria sequences. A Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) analysis was also used to delimit species, and principal component analysis was used to compare morphometry among Uncinaria specimens. Parasites were sampled from A. australis from Peru (12°S), southern Chile (42°S), and the Uruguayan coast, and from O. flavescens from northern Chile (24°S) and the Uruguayan coast. Morphometric differences were observed between Uncinaria specimens from both South American coasts and between Uncinaria specimens from A. australis in Peru and southern Chile. Phylogenetic and GMYC analyses suggest that south-eastern Pacific otariid species harbour U. hamiltoni and an undescribed putative species of Uncinaria. However, more samples from A. australis and O. flavescens are necessary to understand the phylogenetic patterns of Uncinaria spp. across the South Pacific.

scholarly journals Human parasitism by Phagicola sp (Trematoda, Heterophyidae) in Cananéia, São Paulo State, Brazil

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Paulo Chieffi ◽  
Olavo H. Leite ◽  
Rosa Maria D. Souza Dias ◽  
Domingas Maria A. Vieira Torres ◽  
Ana Célia S. Mangini
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

We report one case of parasitism by Phagicola sp. (Trematoda, Heterophyidae) in a 31 years-old woman who, in 1987, travelled and stayed several months in the municipality of Cananéia (SP), where she ingested, in various occasions, raw mullet (Mugil sp.). The patient refered mild intestinal pain and laboratory examinations showed eggs of Phagicola sp. in the stools and a slight increase in eosinophil blood levels (8%). After treatment with praziquantel (75 mg/kg per day for three days) all the symptoms and signs disappeared. This is, certainly, the first record of human infection by Phagicola sp. in Brazil and, perhaps, in countries other than the U.S.A. where unclear references to a few human cases were reported in the South-eastern region.

scholarly journals Energy yield of logging residues of the south-eastern region of the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
T. Badal ◽  
J. Kšica ◽  
V. Vala ◽  
D. Šafařík
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
South Eastern
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