scholarly journals The relevance of Open Source to hydroinformatics

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish Harvey ◽  
Dawei Han
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Web Server ◽  
High Profile ◽  
History Of ◽  
Closed Approach

Open Source, in which the source code to software is freely shared and improved upon, has recently risen to prominence as an alternative to the more usual closed approach to software development. A number of high profile projects, such as the Linux operating system kernel and the Apache web server, have demonstrated that Open Source can be technically effective, and companies such as Cygnus Solutions (now owned by Red Hat) and Zope Corporation have demonstrated that it is possible to build successful companies around open source software. Open Source could have significant benefits for hydroinformatics, encouraging widespread interoperability and rapid development. In this paper we present a brief history of Open Source, a summary of some reasons for its effectiveness, and we explore how and why Open Source is of particular interest in the field of hydroinformatics. We argue that for technical, scientific and business reasons, Open Source has a lot to offer.

Establishing Ethos on Proprietary and Open Source Software Websites

2014 ◽  
pp. 915-935
Author(s):  
Kevin Brock
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Image Manipulation ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Rhetorical Appeals

The increasing prominence and variety of open source software (OSS) threaten to upset conventional approaches to software development and marketing. While a tremendous amount of scholarship has been published on the differences between proprietary and OSS development, little has been discussed regarding the effect of rhetorical appeals used to promote either type of software. This chapter offers just such an examination, focusing its scrutiny on the websites for three pairs of competitors (operating system, Web browser, and image manipulation program). The means by which the OSS websites promote their programs provide a significant set of insights into the potential trajectory of OSS development and its widespread public acceptance, in terms of both its initial philosophy and its perceived alternative nature to traditional software products and models.

Key Concepts and Definitions of Open Source Communities

2010 ◽  
pp. 753-760
Author(s):  
Ruben van Wendel de Joode ◽  
Sebastian Spaeth
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Open Source Communities ◽  
Do So

Most open source software is developed in online communities. These communities are typically referred to as “open source software communities” or “OSS communities.” In OSS communities, the source code, which is the human-readable part of software, is treated as something that is open and that should be downloadable and modifiable to anyone who wishes to do so. The availability of the source code has enabled a practice of decentralized software development in which large numbers of people contribute time and effort. Communities like Linux and Apache, for instance, have been able to connect thousands of individual programmers and professional organizations (although most project communities remain relatively small). These people and organizations are not confined to certain geographical places; on the contrary, they come from literally all continents and they interact and collaborate virtually.

scholarly journals Use of Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS) in the U.S. Department of Defense

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (01) ◽  
pp. 0102
Author(s):  
Terry Bollinger
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
The U.S

This report documents the results of a study by The MITRE Corporation on the use of free and open-source software (FOSS) in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). FOSS gives users the right to run, copy, distribute, study, change, and improve it as they see fit, without asking permission or making fiscal payments to any external group or person. The study showed that FOSS provides substantial benefits to DoD security, infrastructure support, software development, and research. Given the openness of its source code, the finding that FOSS profoundly benefits security was both counterintuitive and instructive. Banning FOSS in DoD would remove access to exceptionally well-verified infrastructure components such as OpenBSD and robust network and software analysis tools needed to detect and respond to cyber-attacks. Finally, losing the hands-on source code accessibility of FOSS source code would reduce DoD’s ability to respond rapidly to cyberattacks. In short, banning FOSS would have immediate, broad, and strongly negative impacts on the DoD’s ability to defend the U.S. against cyberattacks. For infrastructure support, the deep historical ties between FOSS and the emergence of the Internet mean that removing FOSS applications would strongly negatively impact the DoD’s ability to support web and Internet-based applications. Software development would be hit especially hard due to many leading-edge and broadly used tools being FOSS. Finally, the loss of access to low-cost data processing tools and the inability to share results in the more potent form of executable FOSS software would seriously and negatively impact nearly all forms of scientific and data-driven research.

Open Source Software and International Outsourcing

2011 ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
Kirk Amant ◽  
Brian Still
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Web Server ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
International Outsourcing ◽  
Global Business ◽  
International Growth ◽  
Future Business

The popularity of open source software (OSS) has exploded among consumers and software developers. For example, today, the most popular Web server on the Internet is Apache, an open source product. Additionally, Linux (often considered one of the perfect examples of OSS) is now contesting Microsoft’s dominance over the operating system market. OSS’ flexibility, moreover, has allowed it to become a key international technology that could affect developments in global business practices. Despite these beneficial aspects, there are those who would claim it is difficult to implement and its core developers are undependable hobbyists. The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with an overview of what OSS is, to present some of the benefits and limitations of using OSS, and to examine how international growth in OSS use could affect future business practices. By understanding these factors, readers will gain a better understanding of it and how OSS can be integrated into their organizational computing activities.

A Historical Analysis of the Emergence of Free Cooperative Software Production

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Jullien
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Web Server ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Software Production

Whatever its name, Free/Libre or Open Source Software (FLOSS), diffusion represents one of the main evolutions of the Information Technology (IT) industry in recent years. Operating System Linux, or Web server Apache (more than 60% market share on its market), database MySQL or PHP languages are some examples of broadlyused FLOSS programs. One of the most original characteristics of this movement is its collective, cooperative software development organization in which a growing number of firms is involved (some figures in Lakhani & Wolf (2005)). Of course, programs, because they are codified information, are quite easy to exchange, and make the cooperation easier than in other industries. But, as pointed out by Stallman (1998), if sharing pieces of software within firms was a dominant practice in the 1950’s, it declined in the 1970’s, and almost disappeared in the 1980’s, before regaining and booming today.

Establishing Ethos on Proprietary and Open Source Software Websites

2012 ◽  
pp. 56-76
Author(s):  
Kevin Brock
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Image Manipulation ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Rhetorical Appeals

The increasing prominence and variety of open source software (OSS) threaten to upset conventional approaches to software development and marketing. While a tremendous amount of scholarship has been published on the differences between proprietary and OSS development, little has been discussed regarding the effect of rhetorical appeals used to promote either type of software. This chapter offers just such an examination, focusing its scrutiny on the websites for three pairs of competitors (operating system, Web browser, and image manipulation program). The means by which the OSS websites promote their programs provide a significant set of insights into the potential trajectory of OSS development and its widespread public acceptance, in terms of both its initial philosophy and its perceived alternative nature to traditional software products and models.

Software Source Code Plagiarism and Direction Detection Based on PDG

2013 ◽  
Vol 373-375 ◽  
pp. 1172-1177
Author(s):  
Bo Shu ◽  
Xiao Jun Du
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Plagiarism Detection ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Direction Detection

Because of the complexity of the software development, some software developers may plagiarize source code that comes from other projects or open source software in order to shorten development cycle. Usually the copyist would modify and disguise the source code copied to escape plagiarism detection. So far, most algorithms cant completely detect the source disguised by the copyist, especially cant exactly distinguish between the source code and the plagiaristic code. In this paper, we summarize and analyze the effect of disguised source to the detection process, design the strategy to remove the effect of disguised source, and propose a PDG-based software source code plagiarism detection algorithm. The algorithm can detect the existence of disguised source, so as to find out source code plagiarism. And we propose a heuristic rule to make the detection algorithm have the ability to give the plagiarism direction. Any existing algorithm does not have this function. We prove the availability of the algorithm by experiment.

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