scholarly journals Combined use of volume-area and volume-length scaling relationships in glacio-hydrological simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1753-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Wang ◽  
Yiqing Zhang ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
Lin Sun ◽  
Muhammad Shafeeque
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Glacier Terminus ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Length Scaling ◽  
Hydrological Station

Abstract Glacier changes are driven by glacier melt, which in turn affects streamflow. This paper describes an accounting scheme for glacier area change distribution across elevation profiles for application in the glacier module of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. In addition to volume-area scaling relationship in the module, the paper introduced volume-length scaling relations to estimate changing glacier terminus and update glacier area changes between equilibrium line altitude (ELA) and the terminus. The improved scheme was used in the nested Urumqi Glacier No. 1 catchment and Urumqi River Basin in Tienshan Mountains, China. Comparison of the simulated and observed data suggested that the new scheme accurately reproduced the length and area changes of Glacier No. 1. The contributions of glacier melt and ice melt to runoff were estimated at 71% and 38% for Glacier No. 1 Hydrological Station and 11.1% and 5.8% for Yingxiongqiao Hydrological Station, respectively. This helped to better interpret long-term monitored glacio-hydrological processes of Glacier No. 1 and the variation of glacier melt contribution to streamflow at the catchment scale.

scholarly journals Hydrological simulation in a tropical humid basin in the Cerrado biome using the SWAT model

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 908-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richarde Marques da Silva ◽  
José Carlos Dantas ◽  
Joyce de Araújo Beltrão ◽  
Celso A. G. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Measured Variable ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
P Factor ◽  
Water Assessment

Abstract A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to model streamflow in a tropical humid basin in the Cerrado biome, southeastern Brazil. This study was undertaken in the Upper São Francisco River basin, because this basin requires effective management of water resources in drought and high-flow periods. The SWAT model was calibrated for the period of 1978–1998 and validated for 1999–2007. To assess the model calibration and uncertainty, four indices were used: (a) coefficient of determination (R2); (b) Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NS); (c) p-factor, the percentage of data bracketed by the 95% prediction uncertainty (95PPU); and (d) r-factor, the ratio of average thickness of the 95PPU band to the standard deviation of the corresponding measured variable. In this paper, average monthly streamflow from three gauges (Porto das Andorinhas, Pari and Ponte da Taquara) were used. The results indicated that the R2 values were 0.73, 0.80 and 0.76 and that the NS values were 0.68, 0.79 and 0.73, respectively, during the calibration. The validation also indicated an acceptable performance with R2 = 0.80, 0.76, 0.60 and NS = 0.61, 0.64 and 0.58, respectively. This study demonstrates that the SWAT model provides a satisfactory tool to assess basin streamflow and management in Brazil.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Analysis of Grid Precipitation Fusion Products in Jinsha River Basin Based on China Meteorological Assimilation Datasets for the SWAT Model

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Guo ◽  
Hantao Wang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zhang ◽  
Guodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Satellite Precipitation

Highly accurate and high-quality precipitation products that can act as substitutes for ground precipitation observations have important significance for research development in the meteorology and hydrology of river basins. In this paper, statistical analysis methods were employed to quantitatively assess the usage accuracy of three precipitation products, China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model (CMADS), next-generation Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA), for the Jinsha River Basin, a region characterized by a large spatial scale and complex terrain. The results of statistical analysis show that the three kinds of data have relatively high accuracy on the average grid scale and the correlation coefficients are all greater than 0.8 (CMADS:0.86, IMERG:0.88 and TMPA:0.81). The performance in the average grid scale is superior than that in grid scale. (CMADS: 0.86(basin), 0.6 (grid); IMERG:0.88 (basin),0.71(grid); TMPA:0.81(basin),0.42(grid)). According to the results of hydrological applicability analysis based on SWAT model, the three kinds of data fail to obtain higher accuracy on hydrological simulation. CMADS performs best (NSE:0.55), followed by TMPA (NSE:0.50) and IMERG (NSE:0.45) in the last. On the whole, the three types of satellite precipitation data have high accuracy on statistical analysis and average accuracy on hydrological simulation in the Jinsha River Basin, which have certain hydrological application potential.

Study on Hydrological Simulation of Jin River Based on SWAT-X Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 84-85 ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
Yu Jie Fang ◽  
Wen Bin Zhou ◽  
Ding Gui Luo
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Parameter Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sensitive Parameters ◽  
Water Assessment

Hydrological simulation is the basis of water resources management and utilization. In this study, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied to Jin River Basin for hydrological simulation on ArcView3.3 platform. The basic database of Jin river Basin was built using ArcGis9.2. Based on the LH-OAT parameter sensitivity analysis, the sensitive parameters of runoff were identified, including CN2, Gwqmn, rchrg_dp, ESCO, sol_z, SLOPE, SOL_AWC, sol_k, Gwrevap, and then model parameters related to runoff were calibrated and validated using data observed in weifang, yifeng, shanggao and gaoan hydrological stations during 2001-2008. The simulation showed that the simulated values were reasonably comparable to the observed data (Re<20%, R2 >0.7 and Nash-suttcliffe > 0.7), suggesting the validity of SWAT model in Jin River Basin.

scholarly journals Calibration of a modelling approach for sediment yield in a wattle plantation, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
BC Scott-Shaw ◽  
TR Hill ◽  
JS Gillham
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Managed Ecosystems

Hydrological modelling is an appropriate approach to investigate the effect of interactions of climate, land-use and soil on the water-use of natural or managed ecosystems, in particular where spatial heterogeneity exists. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has evolved into one of the most widely used catchment-scale hydrological models, which has been extensively used to better understand hydrological processes. In this paper, the SWAT model was adopted to simulate a wattle plantation in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. User-defined vegetation growth, soil and management input parameters were constructed for the study area based on site measurements. These parameters were subsequently modified using the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) analysis routine to calibrate the model. The calibrated model captured seasonal trends in the observed sediment and streamflow data. The compilation of spatially explicit sediment output provides a useful approach to manage catchments by identifying high erosion-risk areas. The SWAT model, using site-specific input parameters, provides a platform for subsequent hydrological and sediment modelling in South Africa.

scholarly journals Application of SWAT model with CMADS data for hydrological simulation in western China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejian Wang ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Xinchen Gu ◽  
Xinlin He ◽  
Yongli Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Western China ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Flood Season

Abstract Precise simulations of hydrological processes under the influence of climate change and human activities have special significance in arid basins. During the past 60 years, the annual average temperature and precipitation at the northern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains have increased at the rates of 0.035 °C/year and 0.881 mm/year, respectively. Rising temperatures will change the temporal and spatial distributions and forms of precipitation, accelerate glacier retreat, melt snow on high mountains, cause the degeneration of frozen soil, and change the runoff composition in the Tianshan area. In this work, the CMADS (China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Dataset for the SWAT model) was combined with the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model to simulate runoff in the upper reaches of the Jing River and Bo River Basins in the Tianshan area. The results were as follows. (1) On the monthly scale, the average Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficients of the calibration period in the Wenquan and Jinghe–Shankou hydrological stations were 0.79 and 0.87, respectively, and the NSE coefficients of validation period were 0.71 and 0.82, respectively. On the daily scale, the NSE coefficients of the two hydrological stations were between 0.69 and 0.77. The simulation results were considered to be ideal on the monthly and daily scales. (2) Under different climate scenarios and land-use patterns, the cultivated land in the basin leads to the reduction of runoff, and the grassland and woodland stabilise the river flood season. Lakes and wetlands, which can reduce the flow in the flood season and provide water for rivers in the dry season, are very important for runoff regulation. Compared with the traditional meteorological stations, CMADS demonstrates good representativeness and reliability in the Jinghe River and Bohe River Basins under different climate and land-use scenarios, greatly improving the runoff simulation ability.

scholarly journals Hydrological simulation using SWAT model in headwater basin in Southeast Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donizete dos R. Pereira ◽  
Mauro A. Martinez ◽  
André Q. de Almeida ◽  
Fernando F. Pruski ◽  
Demetrius D. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Daily Time

Hydrological models are important tools that have been used in water resource planning and management. Thus, the aim of this work was to calibrate and validate in a daily time scale, the SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) to the watershed of the Galo creek , located in Espírito Santo State. To conduct the study we used georeferenced maps of relief, soil type and use, in addition to historical daily time series of basin climate and flow. In modeling were used time series corresponding to the periods Jan 1, 1995 to Dec 31, 2000 and Jan 1, 2001 to Dec 20, 2003 for calibration and validation, respectively. Model performance evaluation was done using the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (E NS) and the percentage of bias (P BIAS). SWAT evaluation was also done in the simulation of the following hydrological variables: maximum and minimum annual daily flowsand minimum reference flows, Q90 and Q95, based on mean absolute error. E NS and P BIAS were, respectively, 0.65 and 7.2% and 0.70 and 14.1%, for calibration and validation, indicating a satisfactory performance for the model. SWAT adequately simulated minimum annual daily flow and the reference flows, Q90 and Q95; it was not suitable in the simulation of maximum annual daily flows.

scholarly journals Evaluating the SWAT model to predict streamflow, nitrate loadings and crop yields in a small agricultural catchment

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bauwe ◽  
Petra Kahle ◽  
Bernd Lennartz
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Validation Period ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
High Level ◽  
Northeastern Germany

Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to predict streamflow, nitrate loadings and crop yields for a small agricultural catchment in northeastern Germany. To this end, a 167 ha catchment was delineated consisting of 10 hydrological response units. Daily data for streamflow and nitrate loadings from 2004 to 2015 were used to calibrate and validate the model, while annual values for crop yields (winter wheat, winter barley, rapeseed, maize silage) were available. In addition, the detailed field maps provided by the local farmer were used to implement exact crop rotations and nitrogen fertilization into the model. Nash-Sutcliffe-Efficiencies for streamflow were 0.54 during the calibration and 0.57 for the validation period. The modeling performance for nitrate loadings were lower with 0.31 for the calibration and 0.42 for the validation period. The average crop yields were reproduced well, while SWAT failed to reproduce the inter-annual crop yield variations. A scenario analysis revealed that a slight decrease of nitrogen fertilization leads to significant reductions in nitrate loadings, while crop yields remained on a high level. The outcome of the study may help practitioners to operate according to an economic and environmental optimal N management. Nevertheless, experimental studies with varying fertilization intensities at catchment scale are needed to underpin the modeling results.

scholarly journals A Catchment Scale Assessment of Water Balance Components: A Case Study of Chittar Catchment in South India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinagarapandi Pandi ◽  
Saravanan Kothandaraman ◽  
K S Kasiviswanathan ◽  
Mohan Kuppusamy
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Management And Development

Abstract Analyzing the Water Balance Components (WBCs) of catchment help in assessing the water resources for their sustainable management and development. This paper used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model mainly to analyze the variation in the WBCs through the change in the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) and meteorological variables. For this purpose, the model used the inputs of LULC and meteorological variables between the year 2001-2020 at five year and daily time interval respectively from the Chittar river catchment. The developed models were evaluated using SWAT-CUP split-up procedure (pre-calibration and post-calibration). The model was found to be good in calibration and validation, yielding the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.94 and 0.81 respectively. Furthermore, WBCs of the catchment were estimated for the near future (2021 - 2030) at monthly and annual scale. For this endeavour, LULC was forecasted for the year 2021 and 2026 using Celluar Automata (CA)-ANN and for the same period meteorological variables were also forecasted using the smoothing moving average method from the historical data.

scholarly journals Estimating the role of climate internal variability and source of uncertainties in hydrological climate-impact projections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Cai ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Xueping Zhu ◽  
Xuehua Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Internal Variability ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Climate Simulation ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Simulation Process

Abstract Hydrological climate-impact projections in future are limited by large uncertainties from various sources. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and estimate the sources of uncertainties involved in climate changing impacted assessment in a representative watershed of Northeastern China. Moreover, recent researches indicated that the climate internal variability (CIV) plays an important role in various of hydrological climate-impact projections. Six downscaled Global climate models (GCMs) under two emission scenarios and a calibrate Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model were used to obtain hydrological projections in future periods. The CIV and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are investigated to analyze the the role of internal variability in hydrological projections. The results shows that the internal variability shows a considerable influence on hydrological projections, which need be partitioned and quantified particularly. Moreover, it worth noting the CIV can propagate from precipitation and ET to runoff projections through the hydrological simulation process. In order to partition the CIV and sources of uncertainties, the uncertainty decomposed frameworks based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) are established. The results demonstrate that the CIV and GCMs are the dominate contributors of runoff in rainy season. In contrast, the CIV and SWAT model parameter sets provided obvious uncertainty to runoff in January to May and October to December. The findings of this study advised that the uncertainty is complex in hydrological simulation process hence, it is meaning and necessary to estimate the uncertainty in climate simulation process, the uncertainty analysis results can provide effectively efforts to reduce uncertainty and then give some positive suggestions to stakeholders for adaption countermeasure under climate change.

scholarly journals Does forest replacement increase water supply in watersheds? Analysis through hydrological simulation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronalton Evandro Machado ◽  
Milena Lopes ◽  
Lubienska Cristina Lucas J. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Watershed Hydrology ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas ◽  
Current Usage

Abstract. Forests play an important role in watershed hydrology, regulating the transfer of water within the system. Their role in maintaining the hydrological regime of watersheds is still a controversial issue. Consequently, we use the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to simulate scenarios of land use in a watershed. In one of these scenarios we identified, through GIS techniques, Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) which have been undergoing watershed degradation and we considered these areas as protected by forest cover. This scenario was then compared to the current usage scenario regarding watershed sediment yield and hydrological regime. The results showed a reduction in sediment yield of 54 % among different scenarios, whereas watershed water yield was reduced by 19.3 %.

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