scholarly journals Constitutional mandate and judicial initiatives influencing Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) programmes in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-641
Author(s):  
M. P. Ram Mohan ◽  
Anvita Dulluri
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Judicial Reasoning ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Abstract This paper undertakes a thorough review of the legislative and policy framework of water supply and sanitation in India within the larger backdrop of the universal affirmation of right to water and sanitation under the UN WASH initiatives, first articulated under the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Recognizing the proactive role played by the Indian judiciary in this regard, the paper examines various patterns of judicial reasoning in realising the right to water and sanitation as Constitutional rights of citizens. The paper observes that through a consistent ‘rights-based’ approach, the Indian judiciary has systematically articulated and achieved the objectives of the UN WASH initiatives long before they were spelled out under the MDGs. The paper highlights the need for the Government to recognise and incorporate judicial insights in implementing developmental projects under the WASH initiatives.

scholarly journals Using baseline surveys to inform interventions and follow-up surveys: a case-study using the Nampula Province Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Program

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Admiraal ◽  
David Doepel
Keyword(s):  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The Nampula Province Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Program is a partnership among the Government of Mozambique, UNICEF, and the Australian Government focused on achieving the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals for water and sanitation in Mozambique and concentrated on five small towns in Nampula Province. Before implementation of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions in these towns, a baseline survey was carried out in 2012. We show how such a survey can be used to characterize the state of the three WASH sub-themes (water, sanitation, hygiene) pre-intervention, suggest possible new emphases of or modifications to proposed interventions, and inform the design of follow-up surveys to best gauge the impact of the interventions.

Securing 2020 vision for 2030: climate change and ensuring resilience in water and sanitation services

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Howard ◽  
Katrina Charles ◽  
Kathy Pond ◽  
Anca Brookshaw ◽  
Rifat Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Drinking-water supply and sanitation services are essential for human health, but their technologies and management systems are potentially vulnerable to climate change. An assessment was made of the resilience of water supply and sanitation systems against forecast climate changes by 2020 and 2030. The results showed very few technologies are resilient to climate change and the sustainability of the current progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) may be significantly undermined. Management approaches are more important than technology in building resilience for water supply, but the reverse is true for sanitation. Whilst climate change represents a significant threat to sustainable drinking-water and sanitation services, through no-regrets actions and using opportunities to increase service quality, climate change may be a driver for improvements that have been insufficiently delivered to date.

Integrating corporate social responsibility into efforts to realize millennium development goals

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Katamba ◽  
Cedric Marvin Nkiko ◽  
Charles Tushabomwe-Kazooba ◽  
Sulayiman Babiiha Mpisi ◽  
Imelda Kemeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present corporate social responsibility (CSR) as an alternative roadmap to accelerating realization of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Uganda, even after 2015. Design/methodology/approach – Using a mixed research methodology, this research documented CSR activities of 16 companies operating in Uganda. Data collection was guided by quantitative and qualitative methodologies (semi-structured interviews with CSR managers, plus non-participant observation of CSR activities and projects linked with MDGs). Triangulation was used to ensure credibility and validity of the results. For data analysis, the authors followed a three-stepwise process, which helped to develop a framework within which the collected data could be analyzed. For generalization of the findings, the authors were guided by the “adaptive theory approach”. Findings – Uganda will not realize any MDGs by 2015. However, CSR activities have the potential to contribute to a cross-section of various MDGs that are more important and relevant to Uganda when supported by the government. If this happens, realization of the MDGs is likely to be stepped up. CSR's potential contributions to the MDGs were found to be hindered by corruption and cost of doing business. Lastly, MDG 8 and MDG 3 were perceived to be too ambiguous to be integrated into company CSR interventions, and to a certain extent were perceived to be carrying political intentions which conflict with the primary business intentions of profit maximization. Practical implications – Governments in developing countries that are still grappling with the MDGs can use this research when devising collaborations with private-sector companies. These documented CSR activities that contribute directly to specific MDGs can be factored into the priority public-private partnership arrangements. Private companies can also use these findings to frame their stakeholder engagement, especially with the government and also when setting CSR priorities that significantly contribute to sustainable development. Originality value – This research advances the “Post-2015 MDG Development Agenda” suggested during the United Nations MDG Summit in 2010, which called for academic and innovative contributions on how MDGs can be realized even after 2015.

scholarly journals Challenges in HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment programme in India

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
R Sogarwal ◽  
D Bachani ◽  
S Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Aids Program ◽  
Care And Treatment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Hiv Aids

This paper explores the pertinent challenges of Government’s HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment program in India. Study is mainly based on observations made during field visits, discussion during review meetings at various levels and during training programmes of various functionaries from April 2007-November 2009. The paper also takes into account the observations made on the conclusion of the Mid-term Review conducted by the Government of India in during July- December 2009 after completion of first 2.5 years of the 5-year plan of NACP-III. Additionally, interactions with key program managers involved in implementation and management of HIV/AIDS Program at the state, district and facility levels. Though numerous efforts have been made and continued by the Government and partners, HIV prevention, care and treatment services have not been able to reach to the most-at-risk population, specifically in the rural population. Socio-cultural and managerial issues are the key challenges reported by the most of the key implementers. There is an urgent need to address and strengthen the whole spectrum of health systems through a collaborative approach to achieve the millennium development goals of universal access to prevention, care and treatment services in India. DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v7i1.3955SAARC J. TUBER. LUNG DIS. HIV/AIDS 2010 VII(1) 1-7

Understanding development

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. R Balasubramaniam ◽  
M N Venkatachaliah
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Current Paradigm

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the different facets of development and what it means to different people and agencies. The debate on development has intensified over the last three to four decades, gathering much momentum after the United Nations made the grand announcement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Rethinking and redefining development goals is needed, but it must also be accompanied by a rethinking of how these goals shall be achieved. The chapter then argues that development needs to be seen, interpreted, and assessed not from the dimension of the agency, but from that of the community. This is because people's interpretation of poverty and their problems are often different from the conventional standpoint of the government and its enforcement machinery. Ultimately, the chapter is embedded with questions and perspectives that can help critique the current paradigm of development and provide a better understanding of the phenomenon.

Evaluation of community participation in the implementation of community-based sanitation systems: a case study from Indonesia

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Roma ◽  
Paul Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Development Goals

Acceptance and adequate use of water and sanitation technologies in least developed countries is still a chimera, with one billion people using unimproved water supply sources and 2.5 billion not benefitting from adequate sanitation. Public participation in water and sanitation planning and pre-implementation phases has become increasingly important for technology providers seeking solutions to implementation challenges towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Based on the principle that successful implementation of WATSAN technologies ultimately depends on recipients' ability to absorb a technology and adapt it to their own needs, this study analyses the impacts of participatory methods adopted by community-based sanitation (CBS) providers on communities' receptivity of the transferred systems. A fieldwork activity was undertaken in Indonesia and a multiple case study approach adopted to analyse indicators of receptivity of the transferred technologies. Conclusions show that community involvement through participatory methods in the implementation of CBS systems can enhance the process of acceptance and management of the technologies, thereby increasing the progress towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.

scholarly journals Stranded Assets as a Key Concept to Guide Investment Strategies for Sustainable Development Goal 6

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kalin ◽  
Joseph Mwanamveka ◽  
Andrea Coulson ◽  
Donald Robertson ◽  
Holly Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
International Development ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The concept of Stranded Assets has been used for nearly 50 years across many sectors, most recently it has been a focus of investment portfolios in light of the possible impacts of climate change. However, to date there has been no in-depth determination of the impact of Stranded Assets for rural water supply, despite international development targets from Rio, through Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and now the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The limiting factor for carrying out such an assessment is the requirement of a full and detailed asset register recording all rural water supplies in a country. The Scottish Government Climate Justice Fund Water Futures Programme, in collaboration with the Government of Malawi, is undertaking a comprehensive asset audit across Malawi, and this paper introduces the concept of Stranded Assets for the rural water supply sector using Malawi as an exemplar. Here, we demonstrate how significant change in the implementation strategy for SDGs compared to the MDGs is needed to reduce the potential for Stranded Assets and meet its ultimate aim.

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