Water supply and sanitation sector of Karnataka, India: status, performance and change

Water Policy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Maria Saleth ◽  
G. S. Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
Recent Reform ◽  
Sectoral Policy ◽  
Future Population ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Although the water supply and sanitation sector of the state of Karnataka in India has made significant progress in terms of area coverage and, to some extent, meeting consumption targets, two tasks, i.e. fulfilling the unmet backlog demand and meeting the water needs of future population, continue to remain as its major challenges. Based on an analysis of the data and information pertaining to the sector during 1999–2001, this paper aims to assess the financial capacity and reform commitment of the state to meet these sectoral challenges successfully. Towards this end, this paper (a) describes the current status and recent performance of the sector, (b) reviews the financial health of the sector including an estimation of the magnitude of budgetary subsidy, (c) discusses the causes for and consequences of subsidy growth; (d) identi.es the issues and strategies for sectoral reforms including an evaluation of some recent reform initiatives and (e) concludes by highlighting the major implications for sectoral policy in the state in particular and India and other developing countries in general.

Water resources and waste water management in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro

Water Policy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Kaštelan-Macan ◽  
Marijan Ahel ◽  
Alka J. M. Horvat ◽  
Dalila Jabučar ◽  
Petar Jovančić
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Supply Water

This work provides an inventory of water resources and presents the current status of water supply, water quality as well as wastewater management in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, established after the break-up of the former Yugoslavia. All three countries are very rich in water resources, pertaining in a large percentage to the Adriatic and Black Sea basins. However, this richness is not adequately reflected in the current status of the public water supply. Water supply is satisfactory only in bigger cities, whereas rural populations still largely depend on the local sources. Furthermore, with respect to integrated water management, there is a big discrepancy between the capacities of water supply and drainage and those for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. Only a small percentage of wastewaters receive at least some treatment, putting those receiving natural waters at considerable risk. Nevertheless, available reports on the water quality of ambient waters do not reveal the existence of this problem on a wider scale, but indicate only few hot spots. Microbiological pollution near big cities and patchy elevated levels of heavy metals and organic pollutants around industrial plants and agricultural lands belong to these exceptions. Such a relatively favourable situation is, partly, a consequence of a significant decrease in economic activities, which is characteristic of all transition countries, but it also reveals the impact of the recent wars in the region. Political and military conflicts in the region generated mutual distrust and lack of cooperation between the three countries. However, attempts are being made to resolve most of the issues related to cross-border contamination by signing international and regional treaties. As a part of pre-accession activities, all three states are harmonizing their legislation with the EU and are joining scientific projects on the water protection of other western countries. This is expected to bring considerable benefits to the local population and to make economic development more vigorous.

scholarly journals Global burden of diarrheal disease attributable to the water supply and sanitation system in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil: 2005

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Iuri da Costa Leite ◽  
Joaquin Gonçalves Valente
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Advances have occurred in relation to the coverage of water supply and sanitation in Brazil, however inequalities are still observed in relation to the coverage of these services, reflecting the importance of diarrheal disease in the Brazilian epidemiological context. The aim of this study was to measure the impact of the water supply and sanitation system on diarrheal diseases among children aged under five. The global burden of diarrhea was calculated based on the attributable population fraction, using information on prevalence and relative risks from the 2000/2010 censuses and a study by Pruss et al. The north of the State of Minas Gerais, the Northeast and Jequitinhonha regions had the highest disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates and ratios. The fraction of diarrhea attributable to the water supply and sanitation system was 83%, decreasing to 78.3% where sanitation had 100% coverage. An inverse relationship was found between DALY rates and attributable fractions and per capita GDP. Broadening the scope and coverage of services and improving the quality of water available in homes is an urgent requirement. These measures will bring economic and social benefits related to the reduction of diarrheal diseases and consequent improvement of the quality of life of children aged under five.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to public regulation of water supply and wastewater sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
I. I. Krylova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Monopoly ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Creating an effective system of state regulation in the sphere of water supply and wastewater disposal, which would meet European quality standards, has balanced the interests of consumers, the state and water supply and sewerage enterprises, and requires an adequate scientific support. In this regard, a special role belongs to fundamental research, which will allow to consider government regulation not only from the point of its content, water supply and disposal, but also from other perspectives - as far as it can be described as a social, economic, legal phenomenon and determine practical value for society as a whole.Methodology is a set of subjects and objects, goals and objectives, principles, approaches and functions, criteria and indicators, forms and methods of state regulation. All elements of the state regulation methodology form an organic unity. The methodological guidelines and approaches that significantly affect all components of the state regulation methodology and directly related to public administration are the most crucial components of state regulation. The article is devoted to the methodological approaches study related to the state regulation in the sphere of water supply and wastewater disposal. The author explores the state regulation category, describes it as a social, economic, legal phenomenon and tries to determine its practical value for society as a whole.Special attention is paid to the sphere of centralized water supply and sanitation as a natural monopoly, and the causes of the natural monopoly origin in this sphere have been analyzed. The author explores and analyzes the subjects, object, forms and methods, principles and functions of state regulation in the field of water supply and wastewater disposal. The author also examines rationale for the causes and limits of state intervention in the economic and other processes in the field of water supply and sanitation, as well as the nature, practical value and direction of regulation.In the article, the author draws attention to some inconsistencies in the legislation on state regulation in the sphere of water supply and wastewater disposal, and gives suggestions concerning formation of a unified approach to the definition of natural monopolies, an understanding of the objectives of government regulation and reform, and perspective research.

IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN THE INDUSTRY OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
E. O Petukhova ◽  
O. I Ruchkinova
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
World Market ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Current Economic Crisis ◽  
Treatment Equipment ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Import substitution in the industry of water supply and sanitation (WSS) in the context of the current economic crisis is a rather attractive operation. The problem of import substitution in the water supply and sanitation industry is complex being characterized by features such as production conditions, the availability of scientific and technical developments, the intensity of relations with foreign colleagues. Many WSS sector participants focus on implementing measures to reduce their dependence on foreign suppliers and shifting to products of domestic manufacturers within the framework of import substitution. The overall goal of this paper is to assess the feasibility of import substitution in the sector of water supply and sanitation in Russia. In addition, the article offers a choice of equipment in the field of water treatment, which can be produced in Russia in order to create products that are competitive on the world market. This article provides a review and analysis of the nomenclature of the main and auxiliary equipment for the water supply sector. The article offers an overview of patents for useful models in the field of water treatment which are feasible to produce in the domestic industrial market, however, they are currently imported from abroad. The review investigates the extent of import substitution demanded by the industry of water supply and sanitation in Russia. It also describes types of water treatment equipment to be produced in Russia. The structure of the paper is as follows: - the history of the development of water supply and sanitation industry; - the analysis of the current status of water supply and sanitation industry of Russia and review of basic technological equipment for natural water treatment plants and for wastewater treatment; - the review of utility model patents in the field of water treatment; - the conclusion.

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