A novel approach to determine a resin's sorption characteristics for the removal of natural organic matter and arsenic from groundwater

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kukučka ◽  
Nikoleta Kukučka ◽  
Mirjana Vojinović Miloradov ◽  
Željko Tomić ◽  
Mario Šiljeg
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Commercial Resin ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The objective of this work was to study the sorption behavior of the strongly basic and macroporous commercial resin IRA 958-Cl for the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from groundwater in the Melenci settlement located near Zrenjanin (Northern Serbia). The investigation was performed in a pilot plant using native groundwater and the same water after chlorination with sodium hypochlorite. More efficient removal of NOM and arsenic was achieved without the addition of an oxidant under a wide range of working conditions. NOM removal was more efficient with the addition of the oxidizing agent compared with the overall efficiency for 2,900 bed volumes (BV) of treated water only during the initial phase of operation. Arsenic removal from chlorinated water was more efficient up to approximately 700 BV. At higher BV values, arsenic removal was up to two times more efficient with non-chlorinated water. The results obtained for the NOM sorption affinity to the resin indicated that it is possible to achieve a sorption capacity that exceeds the performance quoted by the resin manufacturer on several occasions.

Coagulation/flocculation/ultrafiltration for natural organic matter removal in drinking water production

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Costa ◽  
M.N. de Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membranes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Membrane fouling by natural organic matter (NOM), namely by humic substances (HS), is a major problem in water treatment for drinking water production using membrane processes. Membrane fouling is dependent on membrane morphology like pore size and on water characteristics namely NOM nature. This work addresses the evaluation of the efficiency of ultrafiltration (UF) and Coagulation/Flocculation/UF performance in terms of permeation fluxes and HS removal, of the water from Tagus River (Valada). The operation of coagulation with chitosan was evaluated as a pretreatment for minimization of membrane fouling. UF experiments were carried out in flat cells of 13.2×10−4 m2 of membrane surface area and at transmembrane pressures from 1 to 4 bar. Five cellulose acetate membranes were laboratory made to cover a wide range of molecular weight cut-off (MWCO): 2,300, 11,000, 28,000, 60,000 and 75,000 Da. Severe fouling is observed for the membranes with the highest cut-off. In the permeation experiments of raw water, coagulation prior to membrane filtration led to a significant improvement of the permeation performance of the membranes with the highest MWCO due to the particles and colloidal matter removal.

Differentiation of wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) from natural organic matter (NOM) using multiple analytical techniques

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1009-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Nam Nam ◽  
Gary Amy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Effluent Organic Matter ◽  
Fluorescence Excitation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

Using three analytical techniques of size exclusion chromatography (SEC), fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) measurement, differentiating characteristics of effluent organic matter (EfOM) from natural organic matter (NOM) have been investigated. SEC reveals a wide range of molecular weight (MW) for EfOM and high amount of high MW polysaccharides, and low MW organic acids compared to NOM. Clear protein-like peaks using fluorescence EEM were a major feature of EfOM distinguishing it from NOM. Fluorescence index (FI), an indicator to distinguish autochthonous origin from allochthonous origin, differentiated EfOM from NOM by exhibiting higher values, indicating a microbial origin. In EfOM samples, DON present in higher amounts than NOM.

scholarly journals Subsurface arsenic removal column tests: from the laboratory to the field

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Moed ◽  
D. van Halem ◽  
J. Q. J. C. Verberk ◽  
J. A. M. van Paassen ◽  
L. C. Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Column Tests ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Pumping Stations

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Previous laboratory column experiments have given evidence of competitive effects between different groundwater constituents in the process of subsurface arsenic removal, a process in which arsenic is removed from groundwater by injecting water with oxygen into the subsurface. The presence of phosphate and other anions significantly limited arsenic removal. To investigate the influence of phosphate in natural groundwater, pumping stations in Loosdrecht (the Netherlands) and Subotica (Serbia) both with low phosphate concentrations (&amp;lt;0.1 mg l<sup>−1</sup>) and considerable arsenic concentrations (30 and 110 μg l<sup>−1</sup>) were chosen, to perform experiments identical to the previous laboratory work. Despite of the absence of phosphate, the subsurface arsenic removal process performed poorly in Subotica, with 50% arsenic breakthrough occurring after 2 to 4 column pore volumes of abstracted water. In Loosdrecht subsurface arsenic removal showed more promising results, 50% breakthrough after 6 to 7 pore volumes, while having a lower pH than Subotica and similar silicate concentrations. The water composition of both locations gives reason to suggest that natural organic matter has a limiting effect on subsurface arsenic removal as well. The presented results have shown the complexity of factors influencing subsurface arsenic removal, making it very challenging to select appropriate sites.</p>

scholarly journals Modelling metal–humic substances–surface systems: reasons for success, failure and possible routes for peace of mind

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 2643-2658 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Reiller
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Metal Surface ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Mineral Surfaces ◽  
Satisfactory Description ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractIron oxides and oxyhydroxides are commonly of considerable importance in the sorption of ions onto rocks, soils and sediments. They can be the controlling sorptive phases even if they are present in relatively small quantities. In common with other oxides and clay minerals, the sorption pH-edge of metals is directly linked to their hydrolysis: the higher the residual charge on the metal ion, the lower the pH-edge. Modelling of this process has been successfully carried out using different microscopic or macroscopic definitions of the interface (e.g. surface complexation or ion exchange models that may or may not include mineralogical descriptions). The influence of organic material on the sorption of many metals is of significant. This organic material includes simple organic molecules and more complex exopolymeric substances (e.g. humic substances) produced by the decay of natural organic matter. Sorption of this organic material to mineral surfaces has been the subject of a large body of work. The various types of organic substances do not share the same affinities for mineral surfaces in general, and for iron oxides and oxyhydroxides in particular. In those cases in which successful models of the component binary systems (i.e. metal–surface, metal–organic, organic–surface) have been developed, the formation of mixed surface complexes, the evolution of the surface itself, the addition order in laboratory systems, and the evolution of natural organic matter fractions during sorption, have often precluded a satisfactory description of metal–surface–organic ternary systems over a sufficiently wide range of parameter values (i.e. pH, ionic strength, concentration of humic substances). This manuscript describes the reasons for some successes and failures in the modelling of the ternary systems. Promising recent advances and possible methods of providing more complete descriptions of these intricate systems are also discussed.

The effect of dissolved natural organic matter on the rate of removal of ferrous iron in fresh waters

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ninh Pham ◽  
A.L. Rose ◽  
A.J. Feitz ◽  
T.D. Waite
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Suwannee River Fulvic Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Particulate Iron ◽  
Benthic Sediments ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Dissolved Form

The ease of removal of iron in water treatment is determined principally by the form of iron present. If iron is complexed to natural organic matter (NOM) and present in dissolved form, it is quite difficult to remove by conventional deep-bed filtration methods while if present as particulate iron oxyhydroxides it is readily removed. A major source of iron in reservoirs is the benthic sediments which, on becoming anoxic, release ferrous iron (Fe(II)) to the water column. This Fe(II) may either bind to NOM and be retained in dissolved form or may form inorganic hydroxyl complexes which oxidize to Fe(III) species which typically precipitate rapidly. In this paper, we report on studies of the kinetics of Fe(II) removal from solution in the presence and absence of the IHSS standard Suwannee River Fulvic Acid (SRFA). Oxidation of inorganic Fe(II) by oxygen is negligible at low pH but addition of organics changes the kinetics of removal of Fe(II) remarkably, reducing the half life of Fe(II) from hours to minutes. Increasing the concentration of SRFA also enhances the degree of Fe(II) removal. Experimental results obtained over a wide range of conditions are successfully described using a kinetic model which accounts for the transformations between Fe(II) and Fe(III) species.

scholarly journals Electrochemical characterization of natural organic matter by direct voltammetry in an aprotic solvent

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1664-1683
Author(s):  
Ania S. Pavitt ◽  
Paul G. Tratnyek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Aprotic Solvent ◽  
Electrochemical Characterization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Similar Peak

Improved methods for direct electrochemical characterization of a wide range of natural organic matter (NOM) samples dissolved in an aprotic solvent gives well defined peaks with similar peak breadths and potentials regardless of source, which probably reflects selectivity in the methods used to extract NOM from environmental samples.

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