Remediation of PCB-Contaminated Sediments in Lake Järns Jon, Emän River System, Sweden

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gullbring ◽  
T. Hammar
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
River System ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Dredged Material ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
Additional Load ◽  
Protective Barrier ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Consulting Companies

Järnsjön, a lake in the Swedish river Emån, contains approx. 400 kg of PCB which is slowly leaching out from the sediments. An analysis program has shown that the Järnsjön sediments are the primary source for ongoing discharge of PCB to the river. Based on the current yearly discharge of 7 kg PCB, the sediments will cause problems during several decades. The Emän river is classified as a resource of national importance. Remediation of Järnsjön is necessary if continued damage is to be avoided. However, remedial activities in lake Järnsjön can lead to an additional load on Emån. Restrictions on such releases during remediation of Järnsjön will therefore be stringently applied. The feasibility of remediating Järnsjön, has been examined in a number of studies carried out by the Swedish EPA together with different universities, institutes and consulting companies. A primary alternative has been selected. This alternative includes vacuum dredging within a protective barrier of silt screens. Dredged material will be dewatered and disposed of in a special landfill. This remedial action is estimated to cost appr. 40 million Swedish kronor. (6 - 8 million dollars). The remediation has started and will be concluded in 1994.

scholarly journals Activity of Laccase Enzyme Present in the Phenol-Contaminated Sediments of the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando River System, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
King Dave G. Martin ◽  
Maria Fatima T. Astrero ◽  
Laurence Anthony N. Mallari ◽  
Roland M. Hipol
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
River System ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Laccase Enzyme ◽  
Collection Sites

Laccases are enzymes produced by different microbes like bacteria and fungi. These enzymes are members of the family of oxidases and are capable of oxidizing phenolics into non-toxic forms. Sediments were collected from the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando River System, specifically from the sampling area connected to leather tanneries, which directly dump their effluents into the river. This study aimed to determine the presence of laccase activity of sediments of Meycauayan River where effluents of leather factories and tanneries are directly dumped. Concentration of the phenolic compounds from five collection sites were measured. Collected phenol - contaminated sediments were tested for laccase activity using ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)). Laccase was extracted from the collected sediments and used for the degradation of phenol. Reduction of phenol concentration by the extracted laccase reached 79.82% to as high as90.84%with a starting phenol concentration of 27.5 mmol per sample. Three strains of phenol-degrading ligninolytic bacteria closely related to Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus, Lysinibacillus fusiformisss, and Lysinibacillus sphaericuswere identified to be present in the river’s sediment which could produce laccase and facilitate degradation of phenol.

Management of Dredged Material Capping Projects: An Example from New England

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Kullberg ◽  
T. J. Fredette
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Dredged Material ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Army Corps Of Engineers ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Thames River

Capping of contaminated sediments with cleaner sediments is a technique that has been used by the US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division (NED) since 1979, to avoid or minimize the impacts of contaminated sediments disposed at open water sites. A case study of contaminated sediments from a project on the Thames River, capped at a disposal site offshore of New London, Connecticut, illustrates the application of this technique. Several steps, both regulatory and operational, must be accomplished to ensure proper employment of this technique. First, once it is determined through the permit evaluation process that material to be dredged from a project is not suitable for unconfined open water disposal, the quantity of uncontaminated dredged material needed to achieve a desired cap thickness of 50 to 100 cm must be identified. This quantity may be determined by the use of a computer model - the DAMOS (Disposal Area Monitoring System) Capping Model - which simulates the disposal events and mound formation. Next, the applicant/project proponent must submit a capping plan to NED, which includes provisions for obtaining the necessary quantity of cap material and a schedule for dredging and disposal of both contaminated and cap materials. Upon approval of this plan by NED, the contaminated material may be dredged and disposed at a taut-wire moored buoy located at a specified set of coordinates. The use of such a buoy is critical to the success of capping, since it aids in limiting the distribution of the contaminated material on the seafloor. Post-disposal bathymetric and sediment-profile camera surveys of the contaminated material are conducted to delineate the areal extent of the mound formed during disposal. Several sets of coordinates are then chosen by NED for disposal of the cap material, with the aim of covering all contaminated sediments. The operational success of the capping technique is measured by adequate areal coverage and thickness of the cap over the contaminated material. Thus, following disposal (and sometimes during disposal) of cap material, additional surveys are conducted for this purpose.

Air Emissions from Exposed Contaminated Sediments and Dredged Material

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Valsaraj ◽  
R. Ravikrishna ◽  
B. Choy ◽  
D. D. Reible ◽  
L. J. Thibodeaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Air Emissions ◽  
Dredged Material

The Efficiency of Capping to Control Air Emissions from Exposed Contaminated Sediments and Dredged Material

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. RAVIKRISHNA ◽  
B. C. CHOY ◽  
K. T. VALSARAJ ◽  
D. D. REIBLE ◽  
L. J. THIBODEAUX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Air Emissions ◽  
Dredged Material

Strategies for management of contaminated sediments within the meuse river-system

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Hakstege ◽  
J. J. M. Heynen ◽  
J. K. Eenhoorn ◽  
H. P. Versteeg
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
River System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Diffuse Sources ◽  
River Meuse ◽  
Sand And Gravel

The sediments in the Meuse valley are contaminated on a large scale by diffuse sources. The project ‘Maaswerken’ aims at the enlargement of the discharge capacity of the river Meuse. In the realization of the project, a full-scale clean-up operation would not be realistic and not effective because of recontamination and the enormous scale and costs involved. The concept of dynamic soil management offers a solution to this problem. This approach to remediation implies putting back contaminated sediments of indigenous quality within the river system. Preconditions are determined by risk assessment and local conditions. The first aim is improvement of the environmental quality of the river system. Other objectives such as the development of natural areas, the mitigation of geohydrological effects and the exploitation of sand and gravel can be realized by several forms of beneficial use of contaminated sediments. Dynamic soil management is expected to be a pragmatic and cost-effective solution for the problem of contaminated sediments.

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