Ultrafiltration membrane separation for anaerobic wastewater treatment

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmadun Fakhru'l-Razi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Biomass Loss ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Uf Membranes

Membrane technology has attracted a lot of attention from scientists and engineers in recent years as a new separation process. Various membrane technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO), ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) have been successfully used for a variety of water and wastewater treatment applications. In this study UF membranes of 10 000 nominal molecular weight limit were used in conjunction with an anaerobic reactor to treat wastewater from a brewery. The UF membranes serve to retain active biomass in the reactor, which is essential for a good reactor performance and for the production of a clear final effluent. The reactor was operated over a range of hydraulic retention times and organic loading rates (OLR) in order to evaluate its treatment efficiency. Six steady states were attained over a range of mixed liquor suspended solids (31 000-38 000 mg 1−1). The maximum organic loading rate applied was 19.7 kg COD m−3 d−1 resulting in a methane yield of 0.27 1 CH4 g−1 COD. The percentages of COD removal achieved were above 96%. The results indicated that the UF membranes were capable of efficient biomass-effluent separation thus preventing any biomass loss from the reactor and have potential for treating industrial wastewaters.

Modeling of biofouling by extracellular polymers in a membrane separation activated sludge system

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nagaoka ◽  
S. Yamanishi ◽  
A. Miya
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Filtration Resistance ◽  
Activated Sludge System

A Laboratory-scale experiment was conducted to investigate the mechanism of the bio-fouling in the submerged membrane separation activated sludge system. Flat-sheet-type membrane module was used and the change of the pressure and the filtration resistance was measured. Two reactors were operated in parallel to investigate the influence of organic loading rate on the reactor performance. A mathematical model was developed to simulate temporal changes of suction pressure, flux and filtration resistance considering accumulation, detachment and consolidation of EPS on the membrane surface. Parameters in the model were determined so that the calculated results fit to the measured variation curves. The high load reactor (1.5g-TOC L−1 day−1) showed a sudden increase of the pressure and a decrease of flux after 40th days, which could not be recovered even by membrane cleanings, while the low load reactor (0.5g-TOC L−1 day−1) showed little increase of the pressure until 120th days. The measured pattern of the flux, the pressure and the resistance were well explained by the developed model. Using the model, influence of operational parameters, such as organic loading rate, flux and shear stress working on the membrane, on the reactor performance was evaluated. It was concluded that the flux is the most influential parameter and when the flux is more than a critical value, which is as low as 0.1 m day−1, maximum time during which the set flux can be maintained becomes very short.

scholarly journals Performance of Microbial Fuel Cell for Wastewater Treatment and Electricity Generation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Z Yavari ◽  
H Izanloo ◽  
K Naddafi ◽  
H.R Tashauoei ◽  
M Khazaei
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Cell Reactor

Renewable energy will have an important role as a resource of energy in the future. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising method to obtain electricity from organic matter andwastewater treatment simultaneously. In a pilot study, use of microbial fuel cell for wastewater treatment and electricity generation investigated. The bacteria of ruminant used as inoculums. Synthetic wastewater used at different organic loading rate. Hydraulic retention time was aneffective factor in removal of soluble COD and more than 49% removed. Optimized HRT to achieve the maximum removal efficiency and sustainable operation could be regarded 1.5 and 2.5 hours. Columbic efficiency (CE) affected by organic loading rate (OLR) and by increasing OLR, CE reduced from 71% to 8%. Maximum voltage was 700mV. Since the microbial fuel cell reactor considered as an anaerobic process, it may be an appropriate alternative for wastewater treatment

scholarly journals Effect of the Progressive Increase of Organic Loading Rate in an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor for Biodiesel Wastewater Treatment

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Erlon Lopes Pereira ◽  
Alisson Carraro Borges ◽  
Greicelene Jesus da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor

The wastewater from the biodiesel industry is an environmental problem, and from a sanitation resources perspective, the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) is an interesting alternative for wastewater treatment. A better understanding of ASBR operation behavior under the progressive increase of the organic loading rate (OLR) is crucial for upscaling. The objective of this study was to monitor an ASBR operating with an OLR ranging from 1.3 to 9.3 kgCOD m−3 d−1. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of the ASBR were 52, 41, 47, and 11% for phases 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The apparent kinetic coefficient, i.e., the rate of degradation of organic matter, was between 0.10 and 1.80 h−1, considering the kinetic model that considers the residual substrate concentration, which was the one that best fit the obtained data. The progressive increase in applied OLR modified the microbial biomass diversity, which in turn influenced the degradation kinetics of the organic matter. In addition, the values of the applied OLR of 5.1 kgCOD m−3 d−1 and a food to microorganism ratio (F/M) of 0.6 kgCOD kgVSS−1 d−1 were shown to be limiting values that promoted the overload of ASBR.

The efficacy of ozone as a pre- and post-treatment option for UASB-treated food processing wastewaters

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.O. Sigge ◽  
T.J. Britz ◽  
P.C. Fourie ◽  
C.A. Barnardt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Option ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Cod Reduction

The efficiency of ozone as a pre- and post-treatment to UASB treatment was investigated, followed by a study into UASB reactor performance with ozonated wastewater as substrate. Combinations of pre- and/or post-ozonation with UASB treatment gave better results than ozonation or UASB alone and COD reductions of 53.0–98.9% were achieved for treatment of canning and winery wastewaters. A UASB reactor was fed with pre-ozonated cannery wastewater for over 70 d. COD removal improved from between 58.8 and 64.4% to between 85.3 and 91.8% after pre-ozonated substrate feed commenced. Subsequent increases in organic loading rate (OLR) from 2.4 to 3.4 kgCOD m−3.d−1 did not affect reactor performance. By including a final post-ozonation treatment to this UASB effluent a total COD reduction of 99.2% was achieved.

STUDY ON CAPACITY OF A TRICKLING FILTER USING BIOCHAR MEDIUM FOR TREATING WASTEWATER FROM AN CUU MARKET IN HUE CITY, VIETNAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (3C) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Yến
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Abstract: Pollution caused by market wastewater has occurred for many years in Vietnam. In particular, untreated wastewater from a riverside market is often directly discharged into a river, increasing loads of pollutants for the river. Every day, An Cuu market wastewater is averagely discharged about 19 cubic metres into An Cuu river. However, a wastewater treatment system has not been yet built at the market due to many reasons including the lack of investment capital. A Trickling filter (TF) consisting of a fix bed of biochar is a cost acceptable technology, effectively treating parameters like organic pollutants, nutrients and suspended solids. In this study, a model of TF using biochar medium for An Cuu market wastewater treatment were effectively operated with the organic loading rate (OLR) varying from 188 to 550 gBOD5.m-3.day-1 and the hydraulic loading rate (HLR) from 532 to 1899 L.m-2.day-1. The biochar trickling filter showed high removal efficiencies: 97%  BOD5, 92% COD, 97% TSS, 66% PTot and 62% NTot.Key words: An Cuu market, wastewater treatment,  biochar trickling filter, Vietnam

scholarly journals Efficient high strength petrochemical wastewater treatment in a hybrid vertical anaerobic biofilm (HyVAB) reactor: a pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai. Wang ◽  
Nirmal. Ghimire ◽  
Gang. Xin ◽  
Eshetu. Janka ◽  
Rune. Bakke
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Petrochemical Wastewater ◽  
Step Flow

Performance of a pilot scale Hybrid Vertical Anaerobic Biofilm (HyVAB) reactor treating petrochemical refinery wastewater is presented here. The reactor is an integration of a bottom anaerobic sludge bed and a top aerobic biofilm stage and was operated continuously for 92 days at 21 ± 2 °C. Wastewater was fed continuously to the reactor with step flow increases reducing hydraulic retention time from 55 to 12 hours, increasing organic loading rate from 3 to 33 kg-COD/m3·d. The HyVAB removed on average 91% and 86% of the soluble and total feed COD, respectively, at steady state and loads up to 23 kg-COD/m3·d, of which 98% of the soluble COD removal occurred in the anaerobic stage. Methane yield ranged from 0.29 to 0.51 L/g-COD removed, including conversion of settled aerobic sludge to methane. Sludge production was low (0.04 kg-VSS/kg-COD removed) and biogas methane content high (84 ± 2%). The results demonstrated that HyVAB is an efficient, low footprint alternative for high strength wastewater treatment.

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