Capacity of small wastewater treatment plants and their effects on the groundwater

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kunst ◽  
K. Kayser ◽  
H.-M. Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Biological Purification ◽  
Purification Stage ◽  
Pre Treatment

In order to gain an updated evaluation of the purification capacity of small wastewater treatment plants (SWTPs), several districts in Lower Saxony were questioned on this matter. The incoming results were then compared to and completed by existing results published in reference literature. A simulation program was run to estimate the COD loads which leach out into the groundwater at the effluents of SWTPs. The results gained from the questionnaire and the literature are indicating that vertical filters, wastewater lagoons and rotating biological discs are especially suitable types of SWTPs. The results of the simulation show that a percolation of the effluent of efficient plants can be regarded as harmless given a percolating distance of 60 or better yet 120 cm. This is different with the subsoil irrigation where the passage through the soil is virtually the biological purification stage. Then, even after having passed through the soil for 250 cm, considerably high COD loads are still emitted into the groundwater. As this kind of SWTP is very frequently used in Lower Saxony, it would be worthwhile to increase the efficiency of the pre-treatment of wastewater before the percolation by adding simple aggregates to the plants. This should be examined in future analyses.

Controlling Activated Sludge Process Using EFOR

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 783-790
Author(s):  
J. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Activated Sludge Model

A newly developed simulation program, based on the Activated Sludge Model No. 1, has been investigated for its controlling abilities. The program is capable of simulating most of the control types which have been applied to wastewater treatment plants. The program was tested on a nitrifying and a denitrifying treatment plant. The results showed that the model makes good simulations of the applied controls.

A review on sludge conditioning by sludge pre-treatment with a focus on advanced oxidation

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (92) ◽  
pp. 50644-50652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhou ◽  
Guangming Jiang ◽  
Qilin Wang ◽  
Zhiguo Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Sludge Conditioning ◽  
Pre Treatment

The production of excess sludge by biological wastewater treatment processes has been a serious issue for the operation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) on both the economic and environmental sides.

Wastewater treatment with submerged fixed bed biofilm reactor systems – design rules, operating experiences and ongoing developments

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schlegel ◽  
H. Koeser
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Degree

Wastewater treatment systems using bio-films that grow attached to a support media are an alternative to the widely used suspended growth activated sludge process. Different fixed growth biofilm reactors are commercially used for the treatment of municipal as well as industrial wastewater. In this paper a fairly new fixed growth biofilm system, the submerged fixed bed biofilm reactor (SFBBR), is discussed. SFBBRs are based on aerated submerged fixed open structured plastic media for the support of the biofilm. They are generally operated without sludge recirculation in order to avoid clogging of the support media and problems with the control of the biofilm. Reactor and process design considerations for these reactors are reviewed. Measures to ensure the development and maintenance of an active biofilm are examined. SFBBRs have been applied successfully to small wastewater treatment plants where complete nitrification but no high degree of denitrification is necessary. For the pre-treatment of industrial wastewater the use of SFBBRs is advantageous, especially in cases of wastewater with high organic loading or high content of compounds with low biodegradability. Performance data from exemplary commercial plants are given. Ongoing research and development efforts aim at achieving a high simultaneous total nitrogen (TN) removal of aerated SFBBRs and at improving the efficiency of TN removal in anoxic SFBBRs.

scholarly journals Ferric chloride for odour control: studies from wastewater treatment plants in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Prathna ◽  
Ankit Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Abstract This study was about the feasibility of using ferric chloride as an agent for odour control in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to hydrogen sulphide emission. Total inlet sulphide concentrations at 11 WWTPs in Delhi were measured and ranged between 1.1 and 14.8 mg/L. Wastewater samples from Najafgarh drain were used in jar tests to estimate the ferric chloride concentration required to obtain acceptable treatment. Ferric chloride was effective in removing sulphide, phosphate and total suspended solids (TSS), and gave significant biological oxygen demand (BOD) reduction. It was ineffective, however, in removing ammoniacal-nitrogen. A dose of 40 mg/L removed 76% of total sulphide, which corresponds to a significant reduction in hydrogen sulphide emission. The study demonstrated that ferric chloride can be used as a cost-effective pre-treatment step in WWTPs to reduce sulphur-related odours significantly, as well as TSS, BOD and phosphate from wastewater.

Benchmarking of BAF plants: operational experience on 40 full-scale installations in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barjenbruch
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Purification ◽  
Purification Methods ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Energy Balances

For some years, bio-filtration has been used in municipal wastewater treatment as a relatively new method. Within a German DWA research project, the method of benchmarking was used to compile and scientifically evaluate performance data and operation experiences with this technology on municipal wastewater treatment plants in Germany. This report presents selected partial results from the project. Generally, it becomes apparent that bio-filters as supplementary technology allow for additional improvements in regard to the COD and nitrogen effluent values. Bio-filtration is a compact method which combines biological purification processes with the filtration process. Apart from sound results in regard to the operation costs, operational problems (MSR technology, filter material losses) are described. In terms of energy balances, dimensions of the biological main stages can be compared to other biological purification methods. In regard to the sludge production, further research is necessary.

Performance and operating experiences of the first Scandinavian full-scale Discfilter installation for tertiary phosphorus polishing with preceding coagulation and flocculation

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kängsepp ◽  
J. Väänänen ◽  
K. Örning ◽  
M. Sjölin ◽  
P. Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Pre Treatment

Microscreening (using Discfilters) is a widely used technology for suspended solids removal in tertiary effluent streams of wastewater treatment plants. Several pilot studies have shown the feasibility of using coagulation and flocculation in combination with microscreens for advanced phosphorus removal, but the number of full-scale references is still limited. In summer 2014, the first Scandinavian full-scale Discfilter installation with 2-stage chemical pre-treatment (coagulation and flocculation) was started up at the Arvidstorp wastewater treatment plant in Trollhättan (Sweden). The results obtained during the first year of operation proved that low suspended solids and total phosphorus effluent values could be achieved (<5 and <0.2 mg/l, respectively). These results were obtained even during heavy rainfall, when biologically and primary treated water were mixed at the influent of the Discfilter installation, before the coagulation and flocculation tanks. Further analysis of the results showed that Discfilter in combination with coagulant and polymer pre-treatment is a robust and reliable technology with low energy demand (34 Wh/m3) and a high recovery (1.9 ± 0.4% of influent flow discharged as reject).

Turbidity-based monitoring of particle concentrations and flocculant requirement in wastewater pre-treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Mels ◽  
H. Spanjers ◽  
A. Klapwijk
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Dosing Strategy

The removal of particulate organic material in the first step of wastewater treatment may result in significant savings of reactor volume and energy at wastewater treatment plants, because the organic loading to pursuing unit operations can be reduced. This article describes experiments into the possibility of using turbidity measurements as a tool to quantify the concentration of particles in raw wastewater and, based on the result, assess the organic polymer requirement. A feed forward polymer dosing strategy based on a fixed polymer to influent-turbidity ratio was developed and tested. The experimental work confirms that turbidity measurements can be used to quantify particulate COD. For the investigated wastewater (both untreated and flocculated samples) a linear relationship was found in a wide range of particulate COD (100–900 mg O2.l−1) and turbidity (50–450 NTU). On-line turbidity measurements showed that the particle concentrations in the tested municipal wastewater varied significantly. During dry weather conditions the turbidity fluctuated from 100 to 400 NTU, while in rainy periods fluctuations of 100 to >1,000 NTU were measured. The tested turbidity-related polymer dosing method could be used to create different, constant levels of particle removal, despite large particle concentration variations in the influent. Moreover, it resulted in higher removal efficiencies and a more stable operation compared to the dosing of fixed polymer dose per unit of volume.

scholarly journals Sand Content Prediction in Urban WWTPs Using MARS

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1357
Author(s):  
Vanesa Mateo Pérez ◽  
José Manuel Mesa Fernández ◽  
Francisco Ortega Fernández ◽  
Henar Morán Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Adaptive Regression ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Input Variables

The pre-treatment stage of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), where most of the larger waste, including sand and fat, is removed, is of great importance for the performance and durability of these plants. This work develops a model that predicts the sand content that reaches the plant. For this purpose, data were collected from one operation year of the Villapérez Wastewater Treatment Plant located in the northeast of the city of Oviedo (Asturias, Spain) and the MARS (Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines) method was used for modelling. The accuracy of the MARS model developed using the determination coefficient is R2 = 0.74 for training data and R2 = 0.70 in validation data. These results indicate that it is possible to predict trend changes in sand production as a function of input variables changes such as flow rate, pH, ammonia, etc. This will prevent the plant from possible operational problems, as actions could be taken, such as starting up more pre-treatment lines or emptying the containers, so that the arrival of the sand can be assumed without any problem. In this way, the possibility of letting sand contents over the established limits pass that could affect the following processes of the treatment plant is avoided.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document