Integrating river basin management and the coastal zone: the (blue) Danube and the (black) Sea

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Č Maksimović ◽  
C.K. Makropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Pollution Transport ◽  
The Impact

In order to effectively manage the wide variety of physical, chemical biological and ecological processes in a sensitive coastal environment such as the Black Sea, current environmental management objectives are no longer sufficient: a new management approach has to address the intimate functional linkage between the river basin and the costal environment. Current water quality legislation requires compliance to emission levels based on the chemical analysis of water samples taken at discharge points, such as treatment plants discharging into rivers. While such measures provide a relative indication of the water quality at the point of discharge, they fail to describe accurately and sufficiently the quality of the water received from the watershed or basin. As water flows through the catchment, rainfall run-off from urban and agricultural areas carries sediments, pesticides, and other chemicals into river systems, which lead to coastal waters. The impact of the Kosovo crisis on the Danube ecosystems provides a poignant example of the effects of such diffused pollution mechanisms and reveals a number of interesting pollution mechanisms. This paper discusses both the effects of diffused pollution on the Black Sea, drawing from state-of-the-art reports on the Danube, and proposes a framework for a decision support system based on distributed hydrological and pollution transport simulation models and GIS. The use of ecological health indicators and fuzzy inference supporting decisions on regional planning within this framework is also advocated. It is also argued that even the recently produced GEF document on Black Sea protection scenarios should benefit significantly if the concept of pollution reduction from both urban, industrial and rural areas should undergo a systematic conceptual update in the view of the recent recommendations of the UNEP IETC (2000) document.

Implementing the Water Framework Directive in Bulgaria: integrated river basin management on the Black Sea coast

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pratt ◽  
J. Lønholdt ◽  
P.E. Jørgensen ◽  
B. Persson ◽  
V. Nikolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
National Level ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Basin Management ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Sea Coast

EC member states and candidate countries are in the process of implementing the requirements of the EC Water Framework Directive 2000/60,[Q1] which came into force on 22 December 2000. At the core of the Directive is an integrated approach for sustainable water management in river basin districts. The overall objective is to reach good water status for all waters by the year 2015. The challenges for countries implementing the Directive are substantial not least for the River Basin Management Authorities who will be the implementing unit at the regional level. The Black Sea River Basin Directorate in Varna is one of four Directorates established in Bulgaria in 2002 in accordance with the Bulgarian Water Act and is the regional operational unit under the Ministry of Environment and Water for the Black Sea Basin catchment area. The catchment area covers 20% of Bulgaria and 100% of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. Current implementation activities in the Black Sea Basin Directorate and also at the national level are supported by the Danish EPA through its DANCEE programme in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment and Water. This paper highlights the main activities and outputs of the technical and institutional undertakings in the Black Sea Basin Directorate focusing on the preparation of the River Basin Overview by Dec. 2004.

scholarly journals Impact assessment wastewater discharge on water quality DTD canal Becej-Bogojevo

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Pesic ◽  
Milena Becelic-Tomin ◽  
Bozo Dalmacija ◽  
Dejan Krcmar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
The Impact

Pressure and impact analysis requires information on the main drivers and changes in conditions. In order to analyze such pressures and impacts, each river basin requires: an analysis of its characteristics, a review of the impact of human activity on the status of the surface water and an economic analysis of water use. Pressure and impact analysis plays a central role in the planning of river basin management. The quality of the stream at any point depends on several major factors: lithology of the basin, weather conditions, climate, and human impacts. Most of the polluters are located in the big cities next to canal DTD Becej-Bogojevo canal (Odzaci,Vrbas, Srbobran, Becej). Per year, 2900000 m3 of wastewater was discharged into the Becej-Bogojevo section of the DTD canal: 1,4 tCOD, 0,8 0tBOD, 260 kg of nitrogen, 19 kg of phosphorus and 282 kg of suspended solids. Of the total volume of wastewater, 20% comes from industry and 80% from municipal wastewater. Most of the wastewaters from the studied polluters is discharged untreated or insufficiently treated (only primary treatment). This poor quality wastewater threatens the receipients into which its is discharged. Comparison of the wastewater quality results to the Decree on emission limits and deadlines for their achievement, shows that many polluters exceed the limits for all parameters (COD, BOD, nitrogen, phosphorus, suspended solids). On the basis of the physico-chemical analysis of the water from the DTD Becej-Bogojevo canal it can be concluded that the water quality is unsatisfactory. According to the national legislation, the water quality exceeds the values for good potential streams for most parameters at all sampling locatio dissolved oxygen, organic matter and nutrients). Thus, we can conclude that the water in the studied section of the DTD Becej-Bogojevo canal does not meet the criteria for "good ecological potential". The most vulnerable locations are downstream of the Vrbas and downstream of the Becej, while the best quality canal water is at the furthest upstream location (CS Bogojevo). Risk assessment based on monitoring results indicates that the water of the studied section of the DTD Becej-Bogojevo canal is probably at risk of failing to meet the objectives of the Water Framework Directive, as 33% of the analyzed parameters to calculate specific risk ratios were greater than 1, and thus fall into the category of pollutants medium risk. In order to achieve the quality (to achieve good status and good potential), there must be a response from industrial producers, which consists primarily of comprehensively understanding the problems and implementing measures to minimize the impact of these problems.

Evaluation of pollution reduction scenarios in a river basin: application of long term water quality simulations

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Demuynck ◽  
W. Bauwens ◽  
N. De Pauw ◽  
I. Dobbelaere ◽  
E. Poelman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Abatement Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Because of stricter environmental regulations for surface water quality in Flanders, large efforts are made for the construction of sewers and water treatment plants. The present methodology to determine the necessary pollutant load reductions is based on the combination of simple mass balances, the 90-percentile discharge and neglects the self-purification capacity of the surface water. This method is very easy to apply but offers little guarantee that the goals set will be met. A sustainable river basin management requires a methodology to evaluate different options in pollution abatement strategies. Only by this, the available resources can be applied in the most advantageous, sustainable way. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to evaluate water quality based on dynamic modelling. This methodology is illustrated by means of a case study on the river Dender. Continuous and simultaneous measurements uin 3 places along the river were used to calibrate and validate the model. Continuous simulations over a period of four years guarantee that, in contrast with traditional event type simulations, most discharge and hydrometeorologic conditions are taken into account. Attention was given to the occurrence of extreme events. These events will determine the global ecological condition of the river. CDF-curves (Concentrated-Duration-Frequency) make it possible to gain insight in the duration and the frequency of occurrence of events with inadmissible concentrations of dissolved oxygen and ammonia. Besides simulations taking into account the present loads, different pollutant abatement strategies were analysed and compared. The applied methodology offers the possibility to evaluate the impact of different strategies and to locate present and future problems.

scholarly journals Conditions of estuarine rivers of the Abkhazia Republic and their impact on the Black Sea coast

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
N. M. Mingazova ◽  
R. S. Dbar ◽  
V. M. Ivanova ◽  
D. Yu. Mingazova ◽  
A. A. Galiullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Mountain Glacier ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sea Coast

Estuaries play an important role in formation of coastal water quality and the conservation of biological diversity. In 2013–2014 the study of estuarine rivers in Abkhazia Black Sea region and their possible impacts was supported by RFBR grant. A number of large (Bzyb, Kodor, Gumista Kelasur, Galizga) and medium (Aapsta, Hypsta, Basle and others.) Abkhazia rivers have a significant impact on the ecological state of the Black Sea coast because of the runoff of sediments. We have studied a total of 35 rivers flowing into the Black Sea on the coast of Abkhazia and identified hydrological characteristics of these. The maximum flow rate was observed for the Kodor River. Even in the low-flow period the water flow in estuarine areas ranged from 0.323 to 161.3 m3/s. Turbidity in the river at low water was 0,003–0,010 g/m3, for Kelasur river – 0.28 g/m3. Hydrocarbonate-calcium type of water is typical for the rivers of Abkhazia, salinity of most rivers is average. Well water quality characterizes by Galizga, Reprua, Gvandra and Hashipsa rivers. In the phytoplankton of investigated river estuaries were have identified 84 taxa below the rank of genus, in zooplankton – 19 species, in zoobenthos – 105 species and 23 species of fish fauna. In relation to phytoplankton most of the rivers appear to be oligotrophic. When using zoobenthic organisms as bioindicators the rivers were marked as having unfavorable conditions (Suhumka, Aapsta, Maanikvara et al.). The local impact on water quality of the Black Sea has a river experiencing pollution from receipt of sewage, waste and experiencing the impact of grazing. Rivers Bzyb, Kodor, Kelasur and Galizga bring large volumes of high mountain glacier water, which contributes to improving of the state of the Black Sea coast.

Technological Solution for the Treatment of Wastewater Resulting from Autochthonous Aquacultures in Order to Protect the Marine Water Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2752-2755
Author(s):  
Carmen Tociu ◽  
Tania Zaharia ◽  
Elena Diacu ◽  
Cristina Maria ◽  
Florica Marinescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Technological Solution ◽  
Aluminium Sulphate ◽  
Metallurgical Slags ◽  
Treatment Step

This paper depicts the research conducted at a micro-pilot scale on autochthonous cultures in order to develop adequate technological solutions for the treatment of wastewater resulting from shrimp cultures (Palaemonidae) that would ensure the protection of the Black Sea ecosystem and constitute an applicable tool for the development of aquaculture in Romania. The proposed objectives were attained by adopting an integrated system of marine cultures shrimps-mussels-macrophyte algae, followed by a conventional chemical treatment step using aluminium sulphate recovered from metallurgical slags. This system together with wastewater treatment ensures an optimum development of species and a minimum load of pollutants in the aquatic environment.

Habitat Elements in River Basin Management and Planning

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin E. Herricks ◽  
Maria I. Braga
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Basin Management ◽  
Habitat Analysis ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
Flow Quantity

Comprehensive river basin management mast move beyond narrowly focused programs dealing with water quantity or water quality. A more comprehensive approach to river basin management recognizes that both flow quantity and water quality can be summarized as habitat measures. A number of well developed physical habitat analysis and prediction procedures are presently available. Several computerized systems available from the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service (Habitat Suitability Index - HSI and PHysical HABitat SIMulation - PHABSIM) provide macrohabitat definition. We have developed a water quality based habitat component which operates effectively for general analysis. With an emphasis on site specific management in the United States, the macrohabitat definition procedures may not meet all river basin management and planning requirements. This paper reviews the results of research which characterizes microhabitat in streams and rivers and provides a valuable extension to basin management procedures.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Analysis of the Mass Tourism Management Model Related to the Impact on the Local Community in Constanta City (Romania)

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Catalin Anton ◽  
Angela-Eliza Micu ◽  
Eugen Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Management Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Traditionally and socially, the tourism in Constanta is considered to be important to the local economy. Sun and beach locations are both a draw for locals and tourists to the city, on the Black Sea. However, vacation-oriented activities in the city only have a seasonal cycle. In this paper, we proposed to analyze the mass tourist activity in Constanta, taking into account economic, social, and environmental conditions. Additionally, we attempted to build a model based on the data available. The model was developed using a PESTEL analysis to determine the supportability factor of the indicators identified. We also set out to create a projection of the activities proposed for analysis by 2050. To create a model for coastal areas, the data used in this research must be accurate and consistent. Furthermore, correctly identifying indicators and their relationships is a critical step in conducting a thorough study. Last but not least, finding the calculation coefficient for the activity in question is critical, as collecting data from various activities might be challenging when trying to find a feasible model.

Anthropogenic Impact on the Lithodynamics of the Coastal Zone of the Southern and Western Black Sea Coast (Review)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Efremova ◽  
Yu. N. Goryachkin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
River Flow ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone changes the natural dynamics of bottom sediments, which leads to increased abrasion and swelling of beaches, activation of landslide processes creating a threat of destruction of the coastal infrastructure. The article aims at providing an overview of the scientific literature on the anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone of the southern and western coasts of the Black Sea (shores of Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey). The work shows that with all the differences in the natural conditions of the coastal zones of these countries the types of anthropogenic effects they undergo are almost the same. These include: hydrotechnical construction without regard to the impact on the neighbouring coast sections; reduction of solid river flow due to river regulation by reservoirs; construction of capital facilities directly on the beaches; illegal extraction of sand from beaches and river beds; dredging with sale of the extracted material to construction companies; covering of cliffs by various structures; destruction of coastal dunes, etc. The main negative consequences of these actions are reflected in disruption of natural dynamics and shortages of bottom sediments, changes in the coastline, reduced aesthetic attractiveness and accessibility of shores, destruction of coastal ecosystems. The article also provides information on the legislation of these countries regarding environmental management in the coastal zone

Impact of climate change on streamflow and water quality in the upper Dong Nai river basin, Vietnam

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Viet Thang ◽  
Dao Nguyen Khoi ◽  
Ho Long Phi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we investigated the impact of climate change on streamflow and water quality (TSS, T-N, and T-P loads) in the upper Dong Nai River Basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model. The calibration and validation results indicated that the SWAT model is a reasonable tool for simulating streamflow and water quality for this basin. Based on the well-calibrated SWAT model, the responses of streamflow, sediment load, and nutrient load to climate change were simulated. Climate change scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) were developed from five GCM simulations (CanESM2, CNRM-CM5, HadGEM2-AO, IPSL-CM5A-LR, and MPI-ESM-MR) using the delta change method. The results indicated that climate in the study area would become warmer and wetter in the future. Climate change leads to increases in streamflow, sediment load, T-N load, and T-P load. Besides that, the impacts of climate change would exacerbate serious problems related to water shortage in the dry season and soil erosion and degradation in the wet season. In addition, it is indicated that changes in sediment yield and nutrient load due to climate change are larger than the corresponding changes in streamflow.

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