Sewer rehabilitation strategy in Berlin

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 379-387
Author(s):  
D. Jacobi ◽  
K.-J. Sympher
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Remaining Useful Life ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Sewer Rehabilitation ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Rehabilitation Strategy

Berlin Wasserbetriebe is in need of a significant and longterm investment in the rehabilitation of its sewer system. With ratification of the European Standard EN 752 Part 5, comprehensive rules have been set out for the rehabilitation of drain and sewer systems: hydraulic performance, environmental impact and structural integrity of complete catchment areas are given equal consideration. Taking this into account, Berliner Wasserbetriebe has developed a sewer rehabilitation strategy. Economic aspects are integrated with a cost-benefit-analysis; the significance of the remaining useful life of a pipe section is examined.

Separate and combined sewer systems: a long-term modelling approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Mannina ◽  
Gaspare Viviani
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
System Versus ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Wet Weather Flow

Sewer systems convey mostly dry weather flow, coming from domestic and industrial sanitary sewage as well as infiltration flow, and stormwater due to meteoric precipitations. Traditionally, in urban drainage two types of sewer systems are adopted: separate and combined sewers. The former convey dry and wet weather flow separately into two different networks, while the latter convey dry and wet weather flow together. Which is the best solution in terms of cost-benefit analysis still remains a controversial subject. The present study was aimed at comparing the pollution loads discharged to receiving bodies by Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) for different kinds of sewer systems (combined and separate). To accomplish this objective, a comparison between the two systems was carried out using results from simulations of catchments characterised by different dimensions, population densities and water supply rate. The analysis was based on a parsimonious mathematical model able to simulate the sewer system as well as the WWTP during both dry and wet weather. The rain series employed for the simulations was six years long. Several pollutants, both dissolved and particulate, were modelled. The results confirmed the uncertainties in the choice of one system versus the other, emphasising the concept that case-by-case solutions have to be undertaken. Further, the compared systems showed different responses in terms of effectiveness in reducing the discharged mass to the RWB in relation to the particular pollutant taken into account.

Aircraft Fleet Maintenance Planning Using Combined Cost Benefit Model and Branch and Bound

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Razavi ◽  
Farrokh Sassani
Keyword(s):  
Branch And Bound ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Remaining Useful Life ◽  
Maintenance Planning ◽  
Flight Delays ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Flight Schedules ◽  
Useful Life

The tasks of maintenance and repair without optimal planning can be costly and result in prolonged maintenance times, reduced availability and possible flight delays. Aircraft manufacturers and maintainers see significant benefits in constantly improving Health Management and Maintenance (HMM) practices by deploying the most effective maintenance planning strategies. The planning of the maintenance and repair is a complex task due to chain dependency of engines to aircraft, and aircraft to the flight schedules. This paper presents a scheduling method for determining the time of maintenance based on the historical engine operation data in order to maximize the use of estimated remaining useful life of the engines as well as lowering the cost and duration of the downtime. The Time-on-Wing (TOW) data is used in conjunction with probability density functions to determine the shape of the respective distribution of the time of maintenance to minimize the loss of expected remaining useful life. Data from each engine with most chance of failure is then selected and fed into an extended Branch and Bound (B&B) routine to determine the best optimum sequence for entering the facility in order to minimize the waiting time.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC STUDY OF GREEN ROOFS AS A SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia G. Borràs ◽  
◽  
Carlos Lerma ◽  
Ángeles Mas ◽  
Jose Vercher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Social Environmental

Green roofs respond to a need of today’s society to orient its development towards sustainability. Architecture and urban planning, as builders of the modern city, play a crucial role in the search for a balance between social, environmental and economic growth. Green roofs imply recognized benefits in all three fields, but a study of the economic viability of these solutions is necessary, especially in the field of rehabilitation with tighter budgets. Through a cost-benefit analysis throughout its useful life, it is intended to avoid that the initial construction cost of a green roof, or any sustainable construction, could discourage users, helping them to understand its global dimension from an economic point of view.

scholarly journals A Feasibility Study of Biogas Technology to Solving Peri-urban Sanitation Problems in Developing Countries. A Case for Harare, Zimbabwe

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
G Sibanda ◽  
D Musademba ◽  
H.C. Chihobo ◽  
L Zanamwe
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
System A ◽  
Biogas Technology

This study investigated the feasibility of converting organic waste into energy using biogas technology to address sanitation problems in peri-urban suburbs of Harare, Zimbabwe.These suburbs with an estimated population of 156.975 are unique in that they are not connected to the Harare main water sewer system. A baseline survey was conducted to determine the quantity of biodegradable human and kitchen waste (N=60). Biodigester sizing and costing was done for various scenarios mainly household standalone, single centralised suburb and combined suburbs centralised biogas models. In addition potential biogas conversion to electricity was done for single centralised suburb and combined suburbs centralised biogas models. This was followed by a cost benefit analysis of employing combined suburbs biogas technology. A combined suburbs centralised biogas model was found to be the most feasible scenario producing 7378 m3 of biogas per day with electricity production capacity of 384 kW .There was a potential of wood savings of 6129 tonnes/year, paraffin savings of 2.556 tonnes/year and greenhouse benefits of 980 tonnes of CO2 equivalent emissions/ year and which would attract U$2940 from carbon credits sales per year. The study recommended the adoption of the biogas technology because of its potential toaddress both economic and sanitation challenges being faced by local authorities in developing countries particularly, improved hygienic conditions, energy supply chronic epidemics and sewerreticulation.

Multi-Element Lamb Wave Transducers to Classify Damage Type and Characterize Size Based on Modal Content

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baiyang Ren ◽  
Cliff J. Lissenden
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Remaining Useful Life ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
And Function ◽  
Damage Type

Assessing the structural integrity of PVP systems entails a hierarchical process to detect, locate, classify, and size damage in order to predict the remaining useful life of the system. Technologies to detect and locate damage have been researched intensely over the years, but classification and sizing of damage remains a challenging problem. In this work advanced sensing technology is employed to send and receive Lamb waves in plates. The receiver is a 16-element linear array that is made from PVDF; thus it is lightweight, low profile, flexible, inexpensive, and has minimal cross talk. The receiver has two novel capabilities that open new opportunities in diagnostics and prognostics: measurement of group velocity and determination of modal content. The actuator and receiver are intended to stay in place and function in a pitch-catch mode. The use of modal content to classify the type of damage as well as to size the defect is demonstrated.

A Structural Integrity Assessment Methodology for Pressurized Vessels

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond K. Yee ◽  
Mike Kapper
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Remaining Useful Life ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Nondestructive Examination ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Steam Drum

Pressurized vessels such as a steam drum in a typical power plant can often experience in-service cracking. Structural integrity assessment methodology can be a useful tool to determine the suitability of a vessel for service. This methodology may include fitness-for-service and remaining useful life analyses of a vessel based on the nondestructive examination (NDE) results and operating conditions. In this paper, the structural integrity assessment methodology applied to a steam drum case study is described. The analysis procedure, material property determination, stress analysis, limiting flaw size evaluation, and remaining useful life evaluation for the drum are discussed. A thermal shock design tool is briefly introduced. Recommendations for appropriate action are also presented. The assessment methodology employed in this paper can be applied to other similar pressurized vessels and structures in power plants.

scholarly journals Estimating scenarios for domestic water demand under drought conditions in England and Wales

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2100-2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anderson ◽  
D. Manouseli ◽  
M. Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Domestic Water Demand ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Drought Conditions

Abstract This paper presents preliminary results from the development of the IMPETUS model, a domestic water demand microsimulation model which was developed to estimate the results of a range of scenarios of domestic demand under drought conditions. The model is intended to enable water resource management practitioners to assess the likely impact of potential interventions in particular catchment areas. It has been designed to be driven by seasonal catchment level forecasts of potential hydrological droughts based on innovative climate and groundwater models. The current version of the model is driven by reconstructed historical drought data for the Colne catchment in the east of England from 1995 to 2014. This provides a framework of five drought phases (Normal, Developing, Drought, Severe Drought and Recovering) which are mapped to policy driven interventions such as increased provision of water efficiency technologies and temporary water-use bans. The model uses UK Census 2011 data to develop a synthetic household population that matches the socio-demographics of the catchment and it microsimulates (at the household level) the consequences of water efficiency interventions retrospectively (1995–2014). Demand estimates for reconstructed drought histories demonstrate that the model is able to adequately estimate end-use water consumption. Also, the potential value of the model in supporting cost-benefit analysis of specific interventions is illustrated. We conclude by discussing future directions for the work.

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