Microbial mechanisms of carbon removal in subsurface flow wetlands

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D.C. Baptista ◽  
T. Donnelly ◽  
D. Rayne ◽  
R.J. Davenport
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Carbon Removal ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon

The microbial mechanisms of carbon removal in subsurface flow wetlands were studied, in one wetland with plants and one without plants. Particular emphasis was given to the influence of plants in the treatment process. Wetlands without plants showed higher carbon removal than those with plants, 63% and 51%, respectively (p<0.05). Molecular analysis of the bacterial diversity, growth rates and specific microbial activities showed that the two wetlands were different, especially towards the outlet of the two systems. Sulphate reducers and methanogens were found in both wetlands, and they are thought to be the main removers of soluble organic carbon in these two systems.

Minimal and dynamic bacterial diversity in grease trap revealed by molecular analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas F.S. ◽  
Richard F. ◽  
Adolphe Y. ◽  
Haenn S. ◽  
Moilleron R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Molecular Analysis

Field-Scale Studies of Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands for Stormwater Quality Enhancement

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q.J. ROCHFORT ◽  
W.E. Watt ◽  
J. Marsalek ◽  
B.C. Anderson ◽  
A.A. Crowder
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Abstract Two subsurface flow constructed wetlands were tested for pollutant removal performance in conjunction with an on-line stormwater detention pond, in Kingston Township, Ontario. The 4.9 m2 wetland cells were filled with 9 mm limestone gravel, and planted with cattail, common reed and spike rush. Changes in nutrient (total organic carbon, PO43- and NH4+), suspended solids and metal (Cu, Pb, Zn) concentrations were used to assess performance. Contaminant removal occurred through a combination of physical, chemical and biological means. As with any biological system, variation in performance of stormwater wetlands can be expected to occur as a result of fluctuations in contaminant loading, contact time and ambient environmental conditions. Storm pond effluent was delivered in continuous flow through the wetlands (during baseflow and event conditions), with a detention time of 1 to 3 days. The wetlands were able to maintain removal rates of up to 39% for orthophosphate even during the more severe conditions of fall dieback. Average removal of suspended solids (46%) and dissolved metals (Cu 50%) remained similar throughout all tests. Organic carbon was reduced by less than 10% during these tests. Low nutrient levels in the pond effluent were supplemented by spiking with sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus during pulsed loading conditions. Daily sampling produced a time series, which illustrated the rates of decline in concentration of nutrients. First order kinetic assimilation rates ranged from 1.7 d-1 for NH4002B to 0.12 d-1 for organic carbon, which were noticeably lower when compared with municipal and industrial wastewater treatment rates. Three methods of sizing stormwater wetlands (impervious surface area, volumetric load and kinetic reaction rates) were compared using the same design storm and data from this study. From this comparison it was seen that the kinetic sizing approach proved to be the most versatile, and allowed for adaptation to northern climatic conditions and anticipated nutrient loading.

scholarly journals Bacterial diversity and predicted enzymatic function in a multipurpose surface water system – from wastewater effluent discharges to drinking water production

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda Tiwari ◽  
Anna-Maria Hokajärvi ◽  
Jorge Santo Domingo ◽  
Michael Elk ◽  
Balamuralikrishna Jayaprakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Production Well

Abstract Background Rivers and lakes are used for multiple purposes such as for drinking water (DW) production, recreation, and as recipients of wastewater from various sources. The deterioration of surface water quality with wastewater is well-known, but less is known about the bacterial community dynamics in the affected surface waters. Understanding the bacterial community characteristics —from the source of contamination, through the watershed to the DW production process—may help safeguard human health and the environment. Results The spatial and seasonal dynamics of bacterial communities, their predicted functions, and potential health-related bacterial (PHRB) reads within the Kokemäenjoki River watershed in southwest Finland were analyzed with the 16S rRNA-gene amplicon sequencing method. Water samples were collected from various sampling points of the watershed, from its major pollution sources (sewage influent and effluent, industrial effluent, mine runoff) and different stages of the DW treatment process (pre-treatment, groundwater observation well, DW production well) by using the river water as raw water with an artificial groundwater recharge (AGR). The beta-diversity analysis revealed that bacterial communities were highly varied among sample groups (R = 0.92, p <  0.001, ANOSIM). The species richness and evenness indices were highest in surface water (Chao1; 920 ± 10) among sample groups and gradually decreased during the DW treatment process (DW production well; Chao1: 320 ± 20). Although the phylum Proteobacteria was omnipresent, its relative abundance was higher in sewage and industrial effluents (66–80%) than in surface water (55%). Phyla Firmicutes and Fusobacteria were only detected in sewage samples. Actinobacteria was more abundant in the surface water (≥13%) than in other groups (≤3%). Acidobacteria was more abundant in the DW treatment process (≥13%) than in others (≤2%). In total, the share of PHRB reads was higher in sewage and surface water than in the DW treatment samples. The seasonal effect in bacterial communities was observed only on surface water samples, with the lowest diversity during summer. Conclusions The low bacterial diversity and absence of PHRB read in the DW samples indicate AGR can produce biologically stable and microbiologically safe drinking water. Furthermore, the significantly different bacterial communities at the pollution sources compared to surface water and DW samples highlight the importance of effective wastewater treatment for protecting the environment and human health.

Dissolved Organic Carbon Removal and CX3R-type Byproduct Formation during the Peroxymonosulfate Pre-oxidation followed by Coagulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 129654
Author(s):  
Tiantian Chen ◽  
Shengkun Dong ◽  
Xueping Guo ◽  
Wenhai Chu ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Removal ◽  
Byproduct Formation

scholarly journals Water-soluble organic carbon aerosols during a full New Delhi winter: Isotope-based source apportionment and optical properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 3476-3485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena N. Kirillova ◽  
August Andersson ◽  
Suresh Tiwari ◽  
Atul Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Deewan Singh Bisht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Aerosols

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of microbial enzyme activity with compost and sewage sludge amendment

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1021-1028
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kaur ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Hargopal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Enzyme ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Changes in soil microbial activities were investigated to examine the effect of aerobically digested sewage sludge (SS) and compared with compost under incubation conditions over 63 days. Sandy soil was amended with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 % w/w of compost and sewage sludge. Enzyme activity (dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, phytase and urease) were examined at an interval of 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 63 days. At the end of the experiment the change in organic carbon, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus was also recorded.Results indicated that enzyme activities were substantially enhanced in presence of both amendments for first few days and the higher increases were measured at 1.5% of compost and sewage sludge amendment. Then an overall decrease in enzyme activity was recorded. Both the amendments also significantly increased the organic carbon, nitrogen and potassium of the soil while increase in available phosphorus was only recorded in treatment receiving compost. The present experiment indicated that addition of compost and sewage sludge have positive effect on soil microbial activity and can be safely used as soil amendment without having any adverse effect. Though, a previous examination of sewage sludge to be used must be made for heavy metals and pathogens.

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