scholarly journals Comparative assessment of microbial enzyme activity with compost and sewage sludge amendment

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1021-1028
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kaur ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Hargopal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Enzyme ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Changes in soil microbial activities were investigated to examine the effect of aerobically digested sewage sludge (SS) and compared with compost under incubation conditions over 63 days. Sandy soil was amended with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 % w/w of compost and sewage sludge. Enzyme activity (dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, phytase and urease) were examined at an interval of 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 63 days. At the end of the experiment the change in organic carbon, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus was also recorded.Results indicated that enzyme activities were substantially enhanced in presence of both amendments for first few days and the higher increases were measured at 1.5% of compost and sewage sludge amendment. Then an overall decrease in enzyme activity was recorded. Both the amendments also significantly increased the organic carbon, nitrogen and potassium of the soil while increase in available phosphorus was only recorded in treatment receiving compost. The present experiment indicated that addition of compost and sewage sludge have positive effect on soil microbial activity and can be safely used as soil amendment without having any adverse effect. Though, a previous examination of sewage sludge to be used must be made for heavy metals and pathogens.

scholarly journals Soil carbon and nitrogen fraction dynamics affected by tillage erosion

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jun Nie ◽  
He-Bing Zhang ◽  
Yan-Yan Su
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
Hydrolysable N ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Abstract Understanding the impact of tillage erosion on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) fractions is essential for targeted soil conservation in mountainous and hilly areas. However, little is known about this issue. In this study, we selected a tillage erosion-dominated hillslope from the Sichuan Basin, China, to determine the effect of tillage erosion on particulate OC (POC), dissolved OC (DOC), light fraction OC (LFOC), ammonium N (NH4+-N), nitrate N (NO3−-N) and alkali-hydrolysable N (AN). Additionally, we investigated the microbial activities in relation to soil C and N dynamics, including soil microbial biomass, β-glucosidase and urease activities. Tillage erosion induced serious soil loss in upper slope positions and soil deposition in lower slope positions. The observations of the various labile OC fraction distributions across the hillslope suggest that tillage erosion exerts less impact on DOC and LFOC dynamics but a notable effect on POC. The distribution pattern in total organic carbon under tillage erosion mainly depends on POC redistribution. The POC redistribution is a major factor affecting microbial activities. The AN is more prone to the tillage erosion impact than NH4+-N and NO3−-N. Effective soil conservation measures should be taken to weaken the adverse impacts of tillage erosion on POC and AN redistribution in sloping farmlands.

scholarly journals Treatment of dairy waste by anaerobic co-digestion with sewage sludge

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka A. Pilarska ◽  
Krzysztof Pilarski ◽  
Kamil Witaszek ◽  
Hanna Waliszewska ◽  
Magdalena Zborowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Abstract The results of anaerobic digestion (AD) of buttermilk (BM) and cheese whey (CW) with a digested sewage sludge as inoculum is described. The substrate/inoculum mixtures were prepared using 10% buttermilk and 15% cheese whey. The essential parameters of the materials were described, including: total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), pH, conductivity, C/N ratio (the quantitative ratio of organic carbon (C) to nitrogen (N)), alkalinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD). The potential directions of biodegradation of the organic waste types, as used in this study, are also presented. Appropriate chemical reactions illustrate the substrates and products in each phase of anaerobic decomposition of the compounds that are present in buttermilk and cheese whey: lactic acid, lactose, fat, and casein. Moreover, the biogas and biomethane production rates are compared for the substrates used in the experiment. The results have shown that buttermilk in AD generates more biogas (743 m3/Mg VS), including methane (527 m3/Mg VS), when compared with cheese whey (600 m3/Mg VS, 338 m3/Mg VS for biogas and methane, respectively).

scholarly journals Influence of Ecological Restoration on Mercury Mobility and Microbial Activities on Former Guyanese Mining Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2231
Author(s):  
Ewan Couic ◽  
Vanessa Alphonse ◽  
Alexandre Livet ◽  
Stéphanie Giusti-Miller ◽  
Noureddine Bousserrhine
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Rehabilitation Protocols ◽  
French Guyana ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

As rehabilitation efforts in Guyana are recent, there is little information on the effect of different ecological rehabilitation protocols for Guyana’s mining sites on biogeochemical cycles and mercury mobility. This study was conducted to assess the impact of different ecological restoration protocols on soil quality with the use of soil microbial indicators and by estimating the mercury mobility. We sampled soil from six rehabilitated mining sites in French Guyana with different ecological restoration procedures. We carried out measurements of enzymatic activities and an analysis of mercury environmental speciation to assess its potential toxicity according to a mobility gradient. The results obtained in this study show that the rehabilitation of mining sites has been carried out in a heterogeneous manner and soil quality is very variable, even in nearby sites. Sites that have been rehabilitated with fabaceous species have positive soil quality indicators. In addition, the results highlight a change in mercury mobility that is 82.1% correlated after co-inertia analysis with soil texture properties, which also confirms a direct effect of rehabilitation on mercury mobility. The non-restored sites had a much higher potential of mercury mobility and toxicity than the sites where ecological restoration was successful. These results highlight the positive effect of controlled rehabilitation and ecological restoration on microbiological activities and the potential toxicity of mercury.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Winter Temperature Rise and Soil Fertility properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. ASWR.S8599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Guoju ◽  
Zhang Qiang ◽  
Bi Jiangtao ◽  
Zhang Fengju ◽  
Luo Chengke
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Winter Temperature ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial

The effects of winter temperature rises on soil microbial activity, nutrient and salinity in Ningxia Plain were studied in a field experiment using an infrared radiator to raise temperatures. Winter temperature rises led to increases in soil organic matter, available phosphorus, soil pH and total salt content, but decreased the available nitrogen in soil and the activities of soil catalase, urease and phosphatase. With a winter temperature of 0.5 °C-2.0 °C, the activities of soil catalase, urease and phosphatase were respectively decreased by 0.08-1.20 mL g-1, 0.004-0.019 mg g-1, and 0.10-0.25 mg kg-1; soil organic matter was increased by 0.01-0.62 g kg-1, available nitrogen decreased by 2.45-4.66 g kg-1, available phosphorus increased by 2.92-5.74 g kg-1; soil pH increased by 0.42-0.67, and total salt increased by 0.39-0.50 g kg-1. Winter temperature rises decreased soil microbial activity, accelerated the decomposition of soil nutrients, and intensified soil salinization.

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