The effect of temperature and sludge age on COD removal and nitrification in a moving bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Dulkadiroglu ◽  
E.U. Cokgor ◽  
N. Artan ◽  
D. Orhon
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Different Temperatures

This study investigates the effect of temperature and the sludge age on the performance of a moving bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor (MBSBBR) for COD removal and nitrification. The experiments are conducted in a lab-scale MBSBBR operated at three different temperatures (20, 15 and 10 °C) with a synthetic feed simulating domestic sewage characteristics. Evaluation of the results revealed that removal of organic matter at high rates and with efficiencies over 90% was secured at all operation conditions applied. The nitrification rate was significantly influenced by changes in temperature but complete nitrification occurred at each temperature. The nitrification rates observed at 20 and 15 °C were very close (0.241 mg NOX-N/m2 d, 0.252 mg NOX-N/m2 d, respectively), but at 10 °C, it decreased to 0.178 mg NOX-N/m2 d. On the other hand, the biomass concentration and sludge age increased while the VSS/TSS ratios that can be accepted as an indicator of active biomass fraction decreased with time. It is considered that, increasing biofilm thickness and diffusion limitation affected the treatment efficiency, especially nitrification rate, negatively.

scholarly journals Biological treatment of a synthetic dairy wastewater in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor: Statistical modeling using optimization using response surface methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A.L. Zinatizadeh ◽  
Y. Mansouri ◽  
A. Akhbari ◽  
S. Pashaei
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor

In this study, the interactive effects of initial chemical oxygen demand (CODin), biomass concentration and aeration time on the performance of a lab-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) treating a synthetic dairy wastewater were investigated. The experiments were conducted based on a central composite design (CCD) and analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). The region of exploration for treatment of the synthetic dairy wastewater was taken as the area enclosed by the influent comical oxygen demand (CODin (1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/l)), biomass concentration (3000, 5000 and 7000 mg VSS/l) and aeration time (2, 8 and 18 h) boundaries. Two dependent parameters were measured or calculated as response. These parameters were total COD removal efficiency and sludge volume index (SVI). The maximum COD removal efficiencies (99.5%) were obtained at CODin, biomass concentration and aeration time of 5000 mg COD/l, 7000 mg VSS/l and 18 h, respectively. The present study provides valuable information about interrelations of quality and process parameters at different values of the operating variables.

A pilot-plant study of a moving-bed biofilm reactor system using PVA gel as a biocarrier for removals of organic carbon and nitrogen

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Rouse ◽  
O. Burica ◽  
M. Stražar ◽  
M. Levstek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Pva Gel ◽  
Pilot Plant Study

A pilot-plant study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a moving-bed biofilm reactor process using PVA-gel beads as a biocarrier. Real primary-settled wastewater was fed to the pre-denitrification system and removals of nitrogenous and organic contaminants were evaluated over a 1-year period. The results demonstrated that at a total nitrogen (TN) loading of 18 mg/L.h, a TN removal efficiency in keeping with and even exceeding the theoretical maximum efficiency based on the level of internal recycle, was possible and a nitrification rate of 15 mg/L.h was sustained with a HRT of only 2.5 h at 15 °C. Furthermore, soluble COD and BOD5 in the effluent of the pilot plant were reduced to levels well below most regulatory discharge limits. In addition, the possibility of using this biocarrier in a system, including the elimination of waste organic sludge, was discussed.

Achieving nitritation in a continuous moving bed biofilm reactor at different temperatures through ratio control

2017 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Bian ◽  
Shuyan Zhang ◽  
Yanzhuo Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Ruizhe Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Different Temperatures

Organic carbon and nitrogen removal in moving-bed biofilm reactors

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pastorelli ◽  
G. Andreottola ◽  
R. Canziani ◽  
C. Darriulat ◽  
E. de Fraja Frangipane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Nitrate Uptake Rate ◽  
Reported Data

Pilot moving-bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs), fed on primary settled wastewater, were used in order to study organic carbon removal and nitrification. Nitrate uptake rate (NUR) tests were performed by feeding sodium acetate and potassium nitrate to a bench-scale moving-bed batch biofilm reactor. In both experiments the same polyethylene biofilm carriers were used. Both particulate and filtered COD removal rates appear to be proportional to the corresponding loading rates. Particulate COD removal is the net effect of adsorption onto and release from the biofilm surface. Filtered COD removal is the sum of the influent filtered COD removal and the removal of hydrolysed colloidal COD. Filtered COD removal rates could not be evaluated with a kinetic expression because back-diffusion from biofilm is not always negligible. Nitrification tests, performed at oxygen limiting conditions, show that the reaction rate was nearly first order with respect to dissolved oxygen due to liquid film diffusion. Denitrification batch tests showed denitrification rates very close to other reported data. Since the process proved reliable and easy-to-operate, it is suitable for application to small WWTPs, either in designing new plants or in upgrading existing overloaded activated sludge systems.

Effect of organic loading rate on a wastewater treatment process combining moving bed biofilm and membrane reactors

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 421-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Melin ◽  
T. Leiknes ◽  
H. Helness ◽  
V. Rasmussen ◽  
H. Ødegaard
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The effect of moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) loading rate on membrane fouling rate was studied in two parallel units combining MBBR and membrane reactor. Hollow fiber membranes with molecular weight cut-off of 30 kD were used. The HRTs of the MBBRs varied from 45 min to 4 h and the COD loading rates ranged from 4.1 to 26.6 g COD m−2 d−1. The trans-membrane pressure (TMP) was very sensitive to fluxes for the used membranes and the experiments were carried out at relatively low fluxes (3.3–5.6 l m−2 h−1). Beside the test with the highest flux, there were no consistent differences in fouling rate between the low- and high-rate reactors. Also, the removal efficiencies were quite similar in both systems. The average COD removal efficiencies in the total process were 87% at 3–4 h HRT and 83% at 0.75–1 h HRT. At high loading rates, there was a shift in particle size distribution towards smaller particles in the MBBR effluents. However, 79–81% of the COD was in particles that were separated by membranes, explaining the relatively small differences in the removal efficiencies at different loading rates. The COD fractionation also indicated that the choice of membrane pore size within the range of 30 kD to 0.1 μm has very small effect on the COD removal in the MBBR/membrane process, especially with low-rate MBBRs.

Optimizing and modelling nitrogen removal in a new configuration of the moving-bed biofilm reactor process

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Larrea ◽  
J. Albizuri ◽  
A. Abad ◽  
A. Larrea ◽  
G. Zalakain
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
In Series ◽  
Calibration Study ◽  
Heterotrophic Biomass ◽  
Raw Wastewater

A new configuration of the moving-bed biofilm reactor process with pre-denitrification and nitrification was investigated in a pilot plant, which is fed with urban raw wastewater, the primary settler is located between the anoxic and the aerobic reactors, and primary sludge is recycled to the anoxic reactor as a hybrid pre-denitrification. The carriers used in the experiments are made of high-density polyethylene, with a diameter of 10 mm and a specific surface area of 400 m2/m3. The new process was compared with conventional pre-denitrification–nitrification using in-series reactors fed with settled wastewater. The new configuration achieved an increase of 45% for the denitrification rate and of 30% for the nitrification rate when compared with conventional configuration. These results were analysed in light of the calibration study of the mixed-culture biofilm (MCB) model and simulations in AQUASIM 2.1 platform. Regarding denitrification, the high values obtained in the new configuration were attributed to a higher removal of the slowly biodegradable substrate (XS) in the anoxic reactor due to the use of raw wastewater and sludge recycle. Accordingly, the amounts of heterotrophic biomass (XH) and XS obtained in simulations were higher in both the biofilm and the bulk liquid. Regarding nitrification, the higher values were attributed to a lower removal of XS in the aerobic reactors and accordingly, a lower accumulation of heterotrophic biomass in the biofilm was found in the simulations.

Validating the Colloid model to optimise the design and operation of both moving-bed biofilm reactor and integrated fixed-film activated sludge systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1552-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Albizuri ◽  
P. Grau ◽  
M. Christensson ◽  
L. Larrea
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Lower Effect ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

The paper presents a systematic study of simulations, using a previously calibrated Colloid model, from which it was found that: (i) for pure moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) processes with tertiary nitrification conditions (no influent chemical oxygen demand (COD)), dissolved oxygen = 5 mg/L and residual NH4-N > 4 mgN/L, a nitrification rate of 1.2 gN/(m2d) was obtained at 10 °C. This rate decreases sharply when residual NH4-N is lower than 2 mgN/L, (ii) for MBBR systems with predenitrification–nitrification zones and COD in the influent (soluble and particulate), the nitrification rate (0.6 gN/(m2d)) is half of that in tertiary nitrification due to the effect of influent colloidal XS (particulate slowly biodegradable COD) and (iii) for integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) processes the nitrification rate in the biofilm (0.72 gN/(m2d)) is 20% higher than for the pure MBBR due to the lower effect of influent XS since it is adsorbed onto flocs. However, it is still 40% lower than the tertiary nitrification rate. In the IFAS, the fraction of the nitrification rate in suspension ranges from 10 to 70% when the aerobic solids retention time varies from 1.4 to 6 days.

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