Instruments to reduce the leaching of heavy metals from building materials in the Netherlands

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.H. van Breemen ◽  
P.H.M. Vermij
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Water System ◽  
Sealing Material ◽  
Metal Building

In the Netherlands the leaching of heavy metals from metal building and constructing materials results in serious contamination problems in the water system. The most common sources of these heavy metals in construction materials are copper waterworks and roofs, zinc roofs, gutters and rain pipes, zinced steel, stainless steel, and lead sealing material. In urban waters the surface water and sediment standards are often exceeded. Although building and construction materials are certainly not the only source of heavy metals, they are an important part of the problem. This article focuses on six instruments that are in use in the Netherlands to try to reduce impact on the surface waters. In addition to this, national as well as international, a reconsideration of the risks and surface water standards for several heavy metals is considered. A balanced use of instruments can be considered as the application of a best practice.

scholarly journals Study of Alazani River and Surface Water Composition in Some Villages of Kakheti Region of Georgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Ketevan Kupatadze
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Four Seasons

The article reviews the chemical composition of borehole and surface waters in three villages of one of the regions of Georgia - Kakheti, Gurjaani Municipality. The study was specifically focused on iodine content in waters. It turned out that certain amount of iodine really existed in borehole waters, which means that by everyday drinking of water, the human body gets maybe not the complete required amount of iodine, but at least some part of it. It was also discovered, that according to certain parameters, waters are clean, do not contain heavy metals and can be freely used for drinking and cooking. The chemical composition of the Alazani River was also examined according to all four seasons. This river is interesting because of being used for irrigation of vineyards and fruit gardens.

scholarly journals Arsenic pollution in Quaternary sediments and water near a former gold mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Stachnik ◽  
Bartosz Korabiewski ◽  
Jerzy Raczyk ◽  
Michał Łopuch ◽  
Iwo Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Arsenic Contamination ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Quaternary Sediments

Abstract Contamination of water and sediments with arsenic and heavy metals is a global issue affecting human health. Regions covered with Quaternary deposits have received little attention from the point of view of the flux of arsenic and heavy metals from sediments to surface water. This study aims to determine the flux of arsenic and other heavy metals from Quaternary sediments to surface waters in an area affected by the former Złoty Stok gold and arsenic mine. Contamination in surface waters and sediments was caused by arsenic, whereas concentrations of metals were usually within water quality standards. Arsenic contamination of surface water increased in the lower part of the basin covered by Quaternary sediments, and exceeded water quality standards by 2 orders of magnitude. Arsenic mass flux exceeded 8 kg/day near the confluence of the Trująca River with the Nysa Kłodzka, a main tributary of the Oder River. An increase in arsenic concentration in the lower part of the basin is related to mine tailings and preferential flow of groundwater through Quaternary sediments. In future, water resources scarcity may lead to an increase in arsenic contamination in surface and groundwater.

Assessment of the State of Surface Waters Using Reusable Solid-Phase Polymer Indicators in the Field Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Злобина ◽  
V. Zlobina ◽  
Черкасова ◽  
T. Cherkasova ◽  
Мизиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Wide Range

As a result of many years of economic activity, a large number of anthropogenic factors arise that change the dynamics of the transformation of the quality of surface waters. The growing deterioration in their quality is due to the long-term impact of various pollution sources (industrial production, road transport, agriculture, technogenic deposits, heat power facilities, oil and gas pipelines, etc.). However, a wide range of heavy metals enters the surface waters, along with the increase in macrocomponents during technogenic dispersion of toxicants. This requires a systemic evaluation of surface water. Modern methods are based on the use of devices that have been used up, recyclable or disposable paper sets with a perceptible range of error in the determination. In this paper, for the rapid analysis of the state of surface waters on the presence of heavy metals, solid-state polymer indicators were used. The possibility of non-laboratory application in practice of color solid-state polymeric indicators of reusable use, preserving shades of color for two years or more, is shown. Characteristics of indicators were studied in laboratory conditions and tested in the study of lake and river water in several Russian regions (Lake Valday, Polomet River, Onego Lake, etc.). The developed methodology is based on the testimony of four parameters: temperature, pH; The changed color of the polymer indicator, followed by a comparison of pH and color with the indicator’s reference scale; Of the total index of water pollution by heavy metals. Comparing the results with the indicators of the working scale, in which all four indicators are included, the estimation of the level of contamination by heavy metals of surface waters with high accuracy is carried out. In addition, this method makes it possible to establish the significant role of bottom sediments in the formation of surface water quality. The results of the carried out research make it possible to increase the number of observations in time and space and to obtain a significant amount of information base on the ecological state of water bodies during their monitoring.

scholarly journals Increasing Water System Robustness in the Netherlands: Potential of Cross-Sectoral Water Reuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Pronk ◽  
S. F. Stofberg ◽  
T. C. G. W. Van Dooren ◽  
M. M. L. Dingemans ◽  
J. Frijns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Water System ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Trade Offs

AbstractWater reuse has the potential to substantially reduce the demand on groundwater and surface water. This study presents a method to evaluate the potential of water reuse schemes in a regional context and demonstrates how water reuse propagates through the water system and potentially reduces pressure on groundwater resources. The use of Sankey diagram visualisation provides a valuable tool to explore and evaluate regional application of water reuse, its potential to reduce groundwater and surface water demand, and the possible synergies and trade-offs between sectors. The approach is demonstrated for the Dutch anthropogenic water system in the current situation and for a future scenario with increased water demand and reduced water availability due to climate change. Four types of water reuse are evaluated by theoretically upscaling local or regional water reuse schemes based on local reuse examples currently in operation in the Netherlands or Flanders: municipal and industrial wastewater effluent reuse for irrigation, effluent reuse for industrial applications, and reuse for groundwater replenishment. In all cases, water reuse has the potential to significantly reduce groundwater extraction volume, and thus to alleviate the pressure on the groundwater system. The water-quantity based analysis is placed in the context of water quality demands, health and safety aspects, technological requirements, regulations, public perception, and its net impact on the environment. This integrative context is essential for a successful implementation of water reuse in practice.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION OF THE WATER OF THE MOULOUYA MEDIUM

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
H. Ech-Chafay ◽  
M. Najy ◽  
A. El Ghazouany ◽  
O. Akkaoui ◽  
M. Lachhab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Metallic Pollution

Abstract. This work is part of a program to study and monitor the impact of human activities in the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj on the quality of the surface waters of the average Moulouya (Morocco).The aim of this study is to evaluate in time and space, the degree of metallic pollution of surface water of the average Moulouya during the period (September 2014, January, April and July 2015). The results of this study suggest that the waters of the ten stations in the study area are relatively contaminated with heavy metals. The contents of the analyzed metals are high and variable in the wastewater of the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj and in the waters of the Moulouya average.The anthropogenic impact on the ecosystems selected for this work is highlighted by: the high metallic contamination of the water of the stations located downstream of wastewater discharges of the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj, and the variation of the contents according to an increasing concentration gradient from station M1 to M9.

scholarly journals STUDY OF ALAZANI RIVER AND SURFACE WATER COMPOSITION IN SOME VILLAGES OF KAKHETI REGION OF GEORGIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Ketevan KUPATADZE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Four Seasons

The article reviews the chemical composition of borehole and surface waters in three villages of one of the regions of Georgia - Kakheti, Gurjaani Municipality. The study was specifically focused on iodine content in waters. It turned out that certain amount of iodine really existed in borehole waters, which means that by everyday drinking of water, the human body gets maybe not the complete required amount of iodine, but at least some part of it. It was also discovered, that according to certain parameters, waters are clean, do not contain heavy metals and can be freely used for drinking and cooking. The chemical composition of the Alazani River was also examined according to all four seasons. This river is interesting because of being used for irrigation of vineyards and fruit gardens.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Surface Waters Quality Obtained from Different Sources of Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Zannatul Ferdous ◽  
M F Haque ◽  
M A Hosain ◽  
M M Rahman ◽  
Abu Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Metal Properties ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Different Sources

The present study was conducted to assess some  chemical properties and heavy metals of  surface waters collected from different sources at Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus and Mymensingh Sadar Upazila  for common use.  Twelve water samples were collected from 4 different locations during February to April 2011 for analyzing their chemical quality parameters. The recorded values of pH, EC (Electrical Conductivity), TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), DO (Dissolved Oxygen), As, Pb and Fe were found to range from 6.153 to 7.043, 0.194 to 0.679 mS/cm,106.333 to 389.333 ppm, 4.433 to 4.9 ppm, 0.064 to 1.756 ppb, 0.00053 to 0.00083 ppm and 0.567 to 1.795 ppm, respectively.  pH and TDS of the surface water were within the standard value but other parameters such as As, Pb, and Fe were significantly higher than the standard for drinking water. The correlation analysis among chemical and heavy metal properties indicated that all the parameters had significant contribution to pollute the water except DO. The correlation between TDS and EC was strongly significant (r = 0.99**). pH showed positive significant correlation with EC and TDS. Fe showed negative (r = -0.636) significant correlation with As. The above findings show that the surface water in Mymensingh area is being gradually polluted by unplanned discharge of chemicals and heavy metals contained effluents. It might be concluded that the water is not so harmful yet for irrigation, aquaculture and livestock usage.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(1) 189-195

Part I Introduction, 2 The Concept and Reality of the International Watercourse System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
McCaffrey Stephen C
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hydrologic Cycle ◽  
The Other ◽  
System P ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Condensation Surface ◽  
Absolute Control

This chapter examines the behavior of Earth’s water system and the concept of the international watercourse. Most of the water on Earth is in constant motion in the hydrologic cycle, which consists of the evaporation of water into the atmosphere, chiefly from the sea, and its return to Earth through precipitation and condensation. Surface waters contained in rivers and lakes are merely one small part of Earth’s hydrologic cycle. Because there is always groundwater underlying, and related to, surface water, any attempt to regulate one without addressing the other would be futile. Moreover, the constant movement of Earth’s water through the hydrologic cycle means that it would be futile for any one state to attempt to subject fresh water within its borders to absolute control.

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