scholarly journals STUDY OF ALAZANI RIVER AND SURFACE WATER COMPOSITION IN SOME VILLAGES OF KAKHETI REGION OF GEORGIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Ketevan KUPATADZE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Four Seasons

The article reviews the chemical composition of borehole and surface waters in three villages of one of the regions of Georgia - Kakheti, Gurjaani Municipality. The study was specifically focused on iodine content in waters. It turned out that certain amount of iodine really existed in borehole waters, which means that by everyday drinking of water, the human body gets maybe not the complete required amount of iodine, but at least some part of it. It was also discovered, that according to certain parameters, waters are clean, do not contain heavy metals and can be freely used for drinking and cooking. The chemical composition of the Alazani River was also examined according to all four seasons. This river is interesting because of being used for irrigation of vineyards and fruit gardens.

scholarly journals Study of Alazani River and Surface Water Composition in Some Villages of Kakheti Region of Georgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Ketevan Kupatadze
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Four Seasons

The article reviews the chemical composition of borehole and surface waters in three villages of one of the regions of Georgia - Kakheti, Gurjaani Municipality. The study was specifically focused on iodine content in waters. It turned out that certain amount of iodine really existed in borehole waters, which means that by everyday drinking of water, the human body gets maybe not the complete required amount of iodine, but at least some part of it. It was also discovered, that according to certain parameters, waters are clean, do not contain heavy metals and can be freely used for drinking and cooking. The chemical composition of the Alazani River was also examined according to all four seasons. This river is interesting because of being used for irrigation of vineyards and fruit gardens.

scholarly journals Spatial Differences in the Chemical Composition of Surface Water in the Hornsund Fjord Area: A Statistical Analysis with A Focus on Local Pollution Sources

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Krystyna Koziol ◽  
Marek Ruman ◽  
Filip Pawlak ◽  
Stanisław Chmiel ◽  
Żaneta Polkowska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Pollution Transport ◽  
Local Pollution ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Spatial Differences

Surface catchments in Svalbard are sensitive to external pollution, and yet what is frequently considered external contamination may originate from local sources and natural processes. In this work, we analyze the chemical composition of surface waters in the catchments surrounding the Polish Polar Station in Svalbard, Hornsund fjord area. We have pooled unpublished and already published data describing surface water composition in 2010, related to its pH, electrical conductivity (EC), metals and metalloids, total organic carbon (TOC) and selected organic compound concentrations, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and surfactants. These data were statistically analyzed for spatial differences, using Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA), with distance from the station in the PCA approximating local human activity impact. The geological composition of the substratum was found to be a strong determinant of metal and metalloid concentrations, sufficient to explain significant differences between the studied water bodies, except for the concentration of Cr. The past and present human activity in the area may have contributed also to some of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), although only in the case of naphthalene can such an effect be confirmed by an inverse correlation with distance from the station. Other likely factors contributing to the chemical concentrations in the local waters are marine influence, long-range pollution transport and release from past deposition in the environment.

Seasonal variation of microplastics in seawater and zooplankton in Jiaozhou Bay, the Yellow Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Sun
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Four Seasons

<p>Plastic pollution is a globally concerning issue in marine environments. There is currently little research about the seasonal changes in microplastics in coastal areas. Here, we report a seasonal study on the concentrations and characteristics of microplastics in the surface seawater and zooplankton of Jiaozhou Bay, a typical bay in the west Yellow Sea. The concentrations of microplastics in the surface water of Jiaozhou Bay were 0.063, 0.174, 0.094, and 0.050 pieces/m<sup>3 </sup>in February, May, August and November, respectively, with an annual average concentration of 0.095 pieces/m<sup>3</sup>, a low value compared with the plastic concentrations of other coastal areas. The size of the collected microplastics ranged from 346 to 155200 μm, with an average of 5093 μm. The overall percentages of fibers, fragments and plastic foams were 29%, 55% and 16%, respectively. Fragments were the most dominant shape in four seasons. Nine plastic polymers were detected from the surface water of Jiaozhou Bay. The dominant chemical composition was polypropylene (PP), accounting for 51.04% of polymers, followed by polyethylene (PE), accounting for 26.04% of polymers. The seasonal variation of plastic characteristics in Jiaozhou Bay, including the shape, color and chemical composition, was significant. The highest concentration of plastics occurred in May and the lowest concentration of plastics occurred in November. Strong rainfall resulted in an increase in the plastic concentration in May, and winds and eddies affected the spatial distribution of plastics in Jiaozhou Bay. Focused on the dominant zooplankton groups in Jiaozhou Bay, the morphology, color, size, chemical composition and quantity of MPs in zooplankton were investigated in Jiaozhou Bay. The results showed that the MPs in zooplankton of the Jiaozhou Bay were dominated by fibers. The proportions of fiber in February, May, August and November were 91%, 88%, 89% and 88%, respectively. The average size of MPs in zooplankton was 441±2, 468±2, 576±2, and 379±4μm in the four seasons. For the 2 common zooplankton groups in the 4 seasons, the MP/zooplankton was 0.3, 0.26, 0.17, 0.19 for copepod, and 0.22, 0.19, 0.17, 0.45 for chaetognath, respectively.</p>

Effect of multicomponent fouling during microfiltration of natural surface waters containing nC60 fullerene nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Floris ◽  
G. Moser ◽  
K. Nijmeijer ◽  
E. R. Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Fullerene Nanoparticles ◽  
Microfiltration Membranes

To understand and mitigate the role of surface water composition and associated membrane fouling in the removal of nC60 nanoparticles by low-pressure membranes, experiments were carried out with microfiltration membranes using natural feed waters, mimicking separation in real industrial water treatment plants.

scholarly journals Arsenic pollution in Quaternary sediments and water near a former gold mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Stachnik ◽  
Bartosz Korabiewski ◽  
Jerzy Raczyk ◽  
Michał Łopuch ◽  
Iwo Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Arsenic Contamination ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Quaternary Sediments

Abstract Contamination of water and sediments with arsenic and heavy metals is a global issue affecting human health. Regions covered with Quaternary deposits have received little attention from the point of view of the flux of arsenic and heavy metals from sediments to surface water. This study aims to determine the flux of arsenic and other heavy metals from Quaternary sediments to surface waters in an area affected by the former Złoty Stok gold and arsenic mine. Contamination in surface waters and sediments was caused by arsenic, whereas concentrations of metals were usually within water quality standards. Arsenic contamination of surface water increased in the lower part of the basin covered by Quaternary sediments, and exceeded water quality standards by 2 orders of magnitude. Arsenic mass flux exceeded 8 kg/day near the confluence of the Trująca River with the Nysa Kłodzka, a main tributary of the Oder River. An increase in arsenic concentration in the lower part of the basin is related to mine tailings and preferential flow of groundwater through Quaternary sediments. In future, water resources scarcity may lead to an increase in arsenic contamination in surface and groundwater.

Assessment of the State of Surface Waters Using Reusable Solid-Phase Polymer Indicators in the Field Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Злобина ◽  
V. Zlobina ◽  
Черкасова ◽  
T. Cherkasova ◽  
Мизиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Wide Range

As a result of many years of economic activity, a large number of anthropogenic factors arise that change the dynamics of the transformation of the quality of surface waters. The growing deterioration in their quality is due to the long-term impact of various pollution sources (industrial production, road transport, agriculture, technogenic deposits, heat power facilities, oil and gas pipelines, etc.). However, a wide range of heavy metals enters the surface waters, along with the increase in macrocomponents during technogenic dispersion of toxicants. This requires a systemic evaluation of surface water. Modern methods are based on the use of devices that have been used up, recyclable or disposable paper sets with a perceptible range of error in the determination. In this paper, for the rapid analysis of the state of surface waters on the presence of heavy metals, solid-state polymer indicators were used. The possibility of non-laboratory application in practice of color solid-state polymeric indicators of reusable use, preserving shades of color for two years or more, is shown. Characteristics of indicators were studied in laboratory conditions and tested in the study of lake and river water in several Russian regions (Lake Valday, Polomet River, Onego Lake, etc.). The developed methodology is based on the testimony of four parameters: temperature, pH; The changed color of the polymer indicator, followed by a comparison of pH and color with the indicator’s reference scale; Of the total index of water pollution by heavy metals. Comparing the results with the indicators of the working scale, in which all four indicators are included, the estimation of the level of contamination by heavy metals of surface waters with high accuracy is carried out. In addition, this method makes it possible to establish the significant role of bottom sediments in the formation of surface water quality. The results of the carried out research make it possible to increase the number of observations in time and space and to obtain a significant amount of information base on the ecological state of water bodies during their monitoring.

The Role of Soil in Determining Surface Water Composition

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryon W Bache
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Groundwater Drainage

Incoming precipitation in rural areas passes through soil and weathering rock during passage to surface waters. The composition of the effluent is determined by its hydrologic pathway and by the material through which it flows. Reactions between water and soils or weathering rocks are normally rapid compared with typical residence times, so that the composition of water is derived from the material through which it has passed. Composition data for groundwater, drainage and surface waters illustrate these principles. Apparent deviations are explained by low residence times or unusual catchment properties, and show that detailed mineralogical and physiographic information is important for catchments in sensitive areas, if the factors controlling water composition in these areas are to be understood.

Migration Forms of Heavy Metals and Chemical Composition of Surface Waters in the “Arsenic” Shaft Area (Pitkäranta Ore District, South Karelia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1068-1074
Author(s):  
A. A. Konyshev ◽  
E. S. Sidkina ◽  
E. V. Cherkasova ◽  
M. V. Mironenko ◽  
A. G. Gridasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Migration Forms ◽  
Ore District

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION OF THE WATER OF THE MOULOUYA MEDIUM

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
H. Ech-Chafay ◽  
M. Najy ◽  
A. El Ghazouany ◽  
O. Akkaoui ◽  
M. Lachhab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Metallic Pollution

Abstract. This work is part of a program to study and monitor the impact of human activities in the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj on the quality of the surface waters of the average Moulouya (Morocco).The aim of this study is to evaluate in time and space, the degree of metallic pollution of surface water of the average Moulouya during the period (September 2014, January, April and July 2015). The results of this study suggest that the waters of the ten stations in the study area are relatively contaminated with heavy metals. The contents of the analyzed metals are high and variable in the wastewater of the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj and in the waters of the Moulouya average.The anthropogenic impact on the ecosystems selected for this work is highlighted by: the high metallic contamination of the water of the stations located downstream of wastewater discharges of the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj, and the variation of the contents according to an increasing concentration gradient from station M1 to M9.

Instruments to reduce the leaching of heavy metals from building materials in the Netherlands

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.H. van Breemen ◽  
P.H.M. Vermij
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Water System ◽  
Sealing Material ◽  
Metal Building

In the Netherlands the leaching of heavy metals from metal building and constructing materials results in serious contamination problems in the water system. The most common sources of these heavy metals in construction materials are copper waterworks and roofs, zinc roofs, gutters and rain pipes, zinced steel, stainless steel, and lead sealing material. In urban waters the surface water and sediment standards are often exceeded. Although building and construction materials are certainly not the only source of heavy metals, they are an important part of the problem. This article focuses on six instruments that are in use in the Netherlands to try to reduce impact on the surface waters. In addition to this, national as well as international, a reconsideration of the risks and surface water standards for several heavy metals is considered. A balanced use of instruments can be considered as the application of a best practice.

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