Study on performance of ultrafiltration membrane-based pretreatment for application to seawater reverse osmosis desalination

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1984-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tansakul ◽  
S. Laborie ◽  
C. Cabassud
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Membrane ◽  
Organic Matter Removal ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

The objective of the work was to study at lab-scale the efficiency of hybrid process- coupling powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption or FeCl3 coagulation and UF- for marine organic matter removal. Regenerated cellulose membrane with 30 kDa and actual seawater from Mediterranean Sea were used. The coagulant was FeCl3 and adsorbents were two PAC types, with different surface area and pore size distribution. The results showed that PAC adsorption/UF performed higher efficiency in terms of organic removal than FeCl3 coagulation/UF. Organic matter removal up to 50% was obtained for a PAC dose of 200 mg/L. According to high performance size exclusion chromatography (HP-SEC) analysis, the organics removed by PAC/UF are approximately 10 kDa. Therefore, the effect of PAC adsorption was deeply evaluated in terms of UF membrane fouling rate. The fouling rate was reduced when increasing PAC dose for both PAC types, in particular when PAC with a higher BET surface area and larger fraction of micropores was used. On the other hand, the results showed that UF unit could highly reduce SDI3 from 26 to 9. The addition of PAC and FeCl3 to UF allowed a further reduction of SDI3 from 9 to 4–6.

scholarly journals Recycling of Reverse Osmosis Concentrates to the Membrane Bioreactor in the MBR-RO Process for Water Reuse: effect on mbr performances

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Nga Vu ◽  
Manon Montaner ◽  
Christelle Guigui
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Ro Concentrate ◽  
The Impact

Wastewater effluents can be treated by an integrated membrane system combining membrane bioreactor (MBR) and reverse osmosis (RO) for effective removal of micropollutants in the field of high-quality water reuse. However, discharging the RO concentrate waste stream directly into the natural environment could lead to serious problems due to the toxic components contained in the concentrates (micropollutants, salts, organic matter). A possible solution could be the recirculation of RO concentrate waste to the MBR. However, such an operation should be studied in detail since the recirculation of non-biodegradable organic matter or high concentrations of salts and micropollutants could directly or indirectly contribute to MBR membrane fouling and modification of the biodegradation activity. In this context, the work reported here focused on the recirculation of such concentrates in an MBR, paying specific attention to MBR membrane fouling. Lab-scale experiments were performed on a continuous MBR-RO treatment line with RO concentrate recirculation. The main goal was to determine the recovery of the RO unit and of the global process that maintained good process performance in terms of biodegradation and MBR fouling. The results demonstrate that the impact of the toxic flow on activated sludge depends on the recovery of the RO step but the same trends were observed regardless of the organic matter and salt contents of the concentrates: the concentration of proteins increased slightly. Size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-SEC) was employed to study the effects of RO concentrate on the production of protein-like soluble microbial products (SMPs) and demonstrated a significant peak of protein-like substances corresponding to 10-100 kDa and 100-1 000 kDa molecules in the supernatant. Thus a significant increase in the propensity for sludge fouling was observed, which could be attributed to the increased quantity of protein-like substances. Finally, the effect of the concentrate on sludge activity was studied and no significant effect was observed on biodegradation, indicating that the return of the concentrate to the MBR could be a good alternative.

Characterization of dissolved organic matter from Australian and Chinese source waters by combined fractionation techniques

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunshan Wei ◽  
Rolando Fabris ◽  
Christopher W. K. Chow ◽  
Changzhou Yan ◽  
Dongsheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Source Waters

The character of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in source waters from two countries (Australia and China) was investigated using an extended fractionation technique by combining resin adsorption, ultrafiltration and high performance size exclusion chromatography. There are distinctive chemical characteristics associated with DOM origins. Australian sourced DOM had higher hydrophobic acid (HoA) content and exhibited a more pronounced humic character, indicating a higher influence from allochthonous organics (decayed plant bodies from vegetated catchments). The higher content of hydrophobic base and neutral components found in Chinese DOM, may be attributed to the effects of increasing pollution caused by the rapid urbanization in China. The molecular weights (MWs) of aquatic HoA are predominantly in the moderate (e.g. 1–10 kDa) or small (e.g. <1 kDa) ranges. This suggests that aquatic HoA should not be assumed as high MW organics without experimental validation. It is also found that some of the low MW compounds in our samples were hydrophobic, which could explain the observation of low MW organic compounds being able to be removed by conventional treatment processes.

Characteristic of algogenic organic matter and its effect on UF membrane fouling

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1685-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Li ◽  
B. Z. Dong ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
W. H. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Fluorescence Excitation ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Hydrophilic Compound

Algogenic organic matter (AOM) was extracted from blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) and its characteristic was determined by various methods including high-pressure size-exclusion chromatography (HP-SEC), hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractionation, molecular weight (MW) fractionation and fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM). The results revealed that AOM was hydrophilic fractionation predominantly, accounting for 78%. The specific ultraviolet absorbance of AOM was 1.1 L/(mg m) only. The analysis for MW distribution demonstrated that organic matter greater than 30,000 MW accounted for over 40% and was composed of mostly neutral hydrophilic compound. EEM analyses revealed that protein-like and humic-substances existed in AOM. A test for membrane filtration exhibited that AOM could make ultrafiltration membrane substantial flux decline, which can be attributed to membrane pore clog caused by neutral hydrophilic compound with larger MW.

scholarly journals Soil Organic Matter Quality From Soils Cropped by Traditional Peasants

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Luciano Pasqualoto Canellas ◽  
Riccardo Spaccini ◽  
Natalia De Oliveira Aguiar ◽  
Fabio Lopes Olivares
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Organic Matter Quality ◽  
African Descendants ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

<p>In this work we have analyzed soil samples from Oxisols collected from two traditional communities, one formed by Guarany Indians at South of Brazil and other by African descendants on North of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The content and fractional composition of humus was investigated and the isolated humic acids (HAs) were characterized by elemental composition, <sup>13</sup>C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-performance size exclusion chromatography. The bioactivity of HAs was evaluated considering the effects on root growth of maize seedlings. Chemical properties from adjacent soils under native forest were used as control samples. The local field sites matching the traditional cropping requirements, were characterized by higher soil chemical fertility and soil organic matter hydrophobicity, as compared to the land plots considered as inadequate by rural peasants. The HAs from cropped soils revealed significant differences in respect to content, hydrophobicity, biostimulation and molecular dimension. Although all humic extracts promoted, both, root growth and the stimulation of lateral root emergence over control, the HAs from preferential local sites, revealed a larger bioactivity response on root stimulation even at lower concentration. The assessment of soil quality issued by local farmers, showed a valuable fitting with bio-chemical fertility indicators and SOM hydrophobicity.<strong></strong></p>

Examination of Penetrable Volumes ("Pores") in A High-Performance Size-Exclusion Chromatography Matrix

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
W. L. Lingle ◽  
D. J. O Kane ◽  
J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Size Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Separation Of Proteins

The separation of proteins by high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) is based upon the interaction of a protein, having an effective hydrodynamic radius, A, with "pores" in the HPSEC matrix material. Two different theoretical treatments (1, 2) yield widely different estimates of the mean "pore" radius, Ao, and have different prediction errors for A. A given "pore" can be characterized by the radius of the largest molecule that it can accomodate, Ai If A > Ai, the protein is excluded from the "pore".The "pore" diameter value quoted for TSK G3000 SW is 24.0nm (3). This is at variance with A0 calculated by either treatment using the same HPSEC data: 28.4 ± 6.3nm (1) and 0.89 ± 5.4nm (2). From a knowledge of the "pore" volume it was calculated that approximately 50% of the total surface area of the HPSEC matrix corresponded to "pore". If Ae = 28.4nm, then ≥ 25% of the total surface area of the matrix should be occupied by "pores" with radii ≥ 28.4nm. These results prompted an investigation of the structure and size of "pores" in the HPSEC matrix material TSK G3000 SW.

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