Degradation of organic matter from domestic wastewater with loofah sponge biofilm reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Ken Sun ◽  
Na Hu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Present System ◽  
Support Material ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Loofah Sponge ◽  
Natural Support ◽  
Influence Parameter ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

A laboratory-scale oxic biofilm reactor using loofah sponge as support material was carried out to study its start-up characteristics and the optimum operation parameters in removing organic matter and nitrogen from domestic wastewater. It took no more than 10 days to complete microbiological cultivation and acclimation, indicating that the natural loofah sponge was a superior support material compared with some conventional ones. The influence parameter experiments showed that the hydraulic retention time (HRT) had a significant influence on the COD and NH3-N removal efficiencies, the average COD and NH3-N removal efficiencies were 83.7 and 96.9% respectively when the temperature was 25 ± 2 °C, the influent flow rate was 0.21 L/h and the HRT was 7.5 h. The loofah sponge biofilm system had a strong tolerance to organic shock loading in the present experiment. Additionally, it was found that domestic wastewater could be preferably treated with 88.9% of COD and 98.7% of NH3-N removal efficiencies with the corresponding influent concentrations of 260.0 and 26.8 mg/L, respectively. The observations obtained in the present study indicated that the loofah sponge was an excellent natural support material, potentially feasible for the present system for the treatment of the decentralized domestic wastewater.

Effect of reflux ratio on COD and nitrogen removals from coke plant wastewaters

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 3017-3025 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Shi ◽  
X. B. Hu ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
L. L. Ding ◽  
H. Q. Ren
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Coke Plant ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

A laboratory-scale anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic-moving bed biofilm reactor (A1-A2-O-MBBR) system was undertaken to treat coke plant wastewaters from two different factories (wastewater A and B). Wastewater B had higher BOD5/COD ratio and COD/TN ratio than wastewater A. The effects of reflux ratios on COD, TN and NH3-N removals were studied. Results indicated that, with the reflux ratio increased from 2 to 5, COD removals of wastewater A and wastewater B increased from 57.4% to 72.6% and 78.2% to 88.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, TN removals were also increased accompanying reflux ratio rise, from 53.1% to 74.4% for wastewater A and 64.2% to 83.5% for wastewater B. At the same reflux ratio, compared with wastewater A, higher COD and TN removal efficiencies were observed in wastewater B, which had higher BOD5/COD and COD/TN ratio. Reflux ratio had no significant influence on NH3-N removal; 99.0% of the overall NH3-N removal efficiency was achieved by the system for both coke plant wastewaters at any tested reflux ratio. MBBR was effective in NH3-N removal, and about 95% of the NH3-N was removed in the MBBR.

Performance of an ultra-compact biofilm reactor treating domestic and synthetic wastewaters

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-489
Author(s):  
Lee Chew Koh ◽  
Haiyang Zhang ◽  
Thi Thai Ha Nguyen ◽  
Say Leong Ong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Local Water

The performance of an ultra-compact biofilm reactor (UCBR) treating domestic wastewater (DWW) collected from a local water reclamation plant; and gradually shifting to a mono-type carbon source synthetic wastewater (SWW) combined with DDW (CWW) and finally SWW; was investigated in this study. The total COD concentrations of influent DWW and CWW/SWW were 413.6 ± 80.8 mg/L and 454.9 ± 51.3 mg/L, respectively. The UCBR was able to achieve average total COD removal efficiencies of 70 ± 10% and 80 ± 4% for DWW and SWW respectively. The total COD concentrations of the effluent of DWW and CWW/SWW were 122.5 ± 44.4 mg/L and 89.7 ± 10.3 mg/L, respectively. These observations suggested that heterotrophs in the UCBR system were able to better assimilate and remove carbon of mono-type SWW compared to diverse carbon sources such as DWW; although the influent soluble COD concentrations of the SWW were higher than those of the DWW. However, the effluent NH4+-N concentrations for both types of wastewater were rather similar, <3.0 mg/L; although the influent NH4+-N concentrations of the DWW were 1.5 times those of the SWW.

Evaluation of Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor for Biological Nutrient Removal from Simulated Domestic Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2049-2052
Author(s):  
Chang Hang Wu ◽  
Wei Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Denitrification Process

A lab-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was developed to treat domestic wastewater. After one year’s operation, the results were obtained as follows: when the reaction carried out in 3 h, COD removal efficiency approached or reached the maximal value, up to 90%. The nitrification process of NH3-N needed 4 h, and NH3-N removal efficiency reached the maximal value. Moreover, according to the variation of TN , NO3--N and NO2--N concentration in the nitrification and denitrification process, when NH3-N degraded to zero or the minimal value, just two cycles ending, it means that the SBBR system completed the nitrification and denitrification process.

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal in Synthetic Domestic Wastewater Using SBBR Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 1906-1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xiao Jin ◽  
Xue Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Biological nitrogen phosphorus removal by the use of Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR) is today an accepted and well proven technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performances of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in this laboratory-scale SBBR in treating synthetic domestic wastewater. The system was designed to handle at C/N ratio changing from 10:1, 5:1 to 3.3:1. The results were shown the average removal efficiencies of total phosphorus (TP) in this system were remarkable (>94.0%), however, the average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen (TN) reached 87.2%, 65.4%, 46.1% respectively as C/N ratio changing from 10:1, 5:1 to 3.3:1. Therefore we could reach a conclusion that the SBBR have the remarkable performance at the C/N ratios of 10:1 and 5:1, and the system is suitable to treat domestic or municipal wastewater.

High-strength nitrogenous wastewater treatment in biofilm and granule anammox processes

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2365-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kim ◽  
H. H. Lee ◽  
Y. C. Chung ◽  
J. Y. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Biofilm and granule reactors were employed to remove nitrogen via an anammox reaction applying synthetic nitrogen wastewater, whose concentration was in the range of 20 to 1,400 mg N/L as total nitrogen. A biofilm reactor was packed with non-woven fabric and a granule reactor was filled with anaerobic granular sludge taken from the brewery wastewater treatment plant. Both reactors were seeded with Planctomycetes KSU-1 and operated for 450 days. The biofilm reactor showed high NH4+-N and NO2−-N removal efficiencies of over 88% and 94%, respectively, until total nitrogen concentration was reached at 800 mg N/L. However, the biofilm reactor showed severe inhibition at over 1,000 mg N/L of total nitrogen due to nitrogen overloading. The granule reactor revealed better nitrogen removal performance than the biofilm reactor, showing high NH4+-N and NO2−-N removal efficiencies of over 90%, even at a total nitrogen concentration of 1,400 mg N/L. However, aggregation of anammox bacteria grown in the sludge bed after long-term operation resulted in the deterioration of nitrogen. The removal ratio of NH4+-N and NO2−-N was close to 1:1, suggesting other reactions related to ammonium oxidation could occur simultaneously. Free ammonia inhibition as well as NO2−-N could be significant when high-strength nitrogenous wastewater was applied.

Nutrient removal from low strength domestic wastewater in sequencing batch biofilm reactor

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Altinbas
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Packed Bed Column ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Nutrient removal was investigated in a packed bed column, which was operated by changing of aerated and non-aerated periods. Good removal efficiencies for nitrogen and phosphorus were obtained at long aeration period. Highest nitrification efficiency was observed in run3 because the aeration period was enough to allow nitrification. NO3 concentration was not significantly changed during the cycle, because of simultaneous denitrification during aerobic stage. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies reached to 71 and 74% in run3 respectively. Effluent concentrations of TKN, Tot.P, NH4 and NO3 were found as 3.8, 3, 1 and 2.5 mg/l respectively.

Sedimentation and prefermentation of domestic wastewater in a fixed bed biofilm reactor

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
G. Cuevas-Rodríguez ◽  
I. Tejero-Monzón
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Raw Wastewater

This investigation was undertaken with the aim of developing a new wastewater prefermentator reactor in order to increase the percentages of sedimentation, hydrolysis and prefermentation of all the organic matter present in the raw wastewater, using only one unit of pre-treatment. The study was carried out using a pilot fixed bed biofilm reactor of 43.3 L in net volume. HRT of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 h were applied. The reactor has been operating for 403 days during which it has been fed on raw wastewater from the city of Santander, in Spain. The results showed that it is possible to carry out the sedimentation and prefermentation of the organic matter contained in the raw wastewater in this reactor. The TSS average elimination percentage was higher than 50% during the whole testing period. The highest percentage of TSS retained in the reactor was 70% with a HRT of 4 hours and a flow rate of 0.3 m/h. The maximum CODTotal elimination percentage was 30% for any of the four OL tried. The CODParticulate average solubility was greater than 40%. About 44% of the CODDissolved in the effluent consisted of VFA. The highest concentration of VFA measured in the effluent was 44 mg COD/L, applying a HRT of 1 h. The average acidising was slightly higher than 30%. The acetic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids were the species of VFA detected, the acetic acid being the one present in a larger amount (>50%). The production rate of VFA increases as the HRT decreases.

Biological Nutrient Removal from Simulated Domestic Wastewater in Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2406-2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xiao Jin ◽  
Jun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Denitrification Process

A lab-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was developed to treat domestic wastewater. After one year’s operation, the results were obtained as follows: when the reaction carried out in 3 h, COD removal efficiency approached or reached the maximal value, up to 90%. The nitrification process of NH3-N needed 4 h, and NH3-N removal efficiency reached the maximal value. Moreover, according to the variation of TN , NO3--N and NO2--N concentration in the nitrification and denitrification process, when NH3-N degraded to zero or the minimal value, just two cycles ending, it means that the SBBR system completed the nitrification and denitrification process.

scholarly journals Treatment of Polluted Urban Surface Waters by Sponge Based Aerobic Biofilm Reactor: Purification Performances and Resilience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangwei He ◽  
Na Song ◽  
Zongbao Yao ◽  
Helong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Water Cycling ◽  
Polyurethane Sponge ◽  
Biodegradable Organic Matter

Abstract Surface waters are suffering continuous discharging of pollutions, and low DO and black-odorous were easily formed, especially in those slow-flowing urban lakes and enclosed small ponds. In-situ treatment by artificial aeration or water cycling with a combination of polyurethane sponge as biofilm carriers can disentangle this situation without any land occupation. Long-term continuous experiments (187 days) showed that indigenous microorganisms in urban surface waters could form biofilms in the novel style of sponge-based aerobic biofilm reactors (SABRs). In urban lake waters treatment, the purification performances of SABRs were stable and resilient as the NH4+-N and NO2−-N removals were steady, even facing the abrupt increase of NH4+-N and NO2−-N concentrations in influent. Enhancing the polyurethane sponge filling ratios in SABRs can reduce DO but did not affect NH4+-N removal. SABRs were also able to treat enclosed surface waters or black-odorous waterbodies. Combined SABRs with water cycling, NH4+-N removal time was shorter than the time needed by water cycling when biodegradable organic matter was not present. The massive biodegradable organic matter could inhibit nitrification and prolong the purification time. Further results showed that organic matter could be used as carbon sources to eliminate the produced NO3−-N in SABRs. Therefore, the developed new bioreactor could act as one effective way for treating N-polluted urban surface waters.

A PCR-DGGE Approach to Evaluate the Influence of Environment Materials for Civil Engineering-Different Carbon Sources on a Catching Bed Biofilm Reactor in Start-up Phase

2012 ◽  
Vol 568 ◽  
pp. 260-264
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Li Li Wang ◽  
Zheng Yang Yang ◽  
Xu Ying Zhao ◽  
Huan Guang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Two Stages

In this study, the effect of environment materials for civil engineering was investigated through two sets of parallel reactors with sodium acetate and starch as carbon source separately. The reactors were started up by two stages, including biofilm formation stage and biofilm domestication stage. In biofilm domestication stage, the average removal efficiencies of COD were 88.84% and 88.78% respectively. NH4+-N removal efficiencies were reached at 99.28% and 91.90%. Total nitrogen（TN）removal efficiencies were 45.25% and 45.45%. By PCR-DGGE, it was found that there were high similarities between biofilm and suspension in the reactors. Different types of carbon sources enriched different types of microorganisms. The study can provide references for studying simultaneous nitrification and denitrification（SND）and optimizing carbon sources.

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