Preclinical Evaluation of the Safety and Immunological Action of Allogeneic ADSC-Collagen Scaffolds in the Treatment of Chronic Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

The use of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (alloADSCs) represents an attractive approach for treating myocardial infarction (MI). Furthermore, adding a natural support improves alloADSCs engraftment and survival in heart tissues, leading to a greater therapeutic effect. We aimed to examine the safety and immunological reaction induced by epicardial implantation of a clinical-grade collagen scaffold (CS) seeded with alloADSCs for its future application in humans. Thus, cellularized scaffolds were myocardially or subcutaneously implanted in immunosuppressed rodent models. The toxicological parameters were not significantly altered, and tumor formation was not found over the short or long term. Furthermore, biodistribution analyses in the infarcted immunocompetent rats displayed cell engraftment in the myocardium but no migration to other organs. The immunogenicity of alloADSC-CS was also evaluated in a preclinical porcine model of chronic MI; no significant humoral or cellular alloreactive responses were found. Moreover, CS cellularized with human ADSCs cocultured with human allogeneic immune cells produced no alloreactive response. Interestingly, alloADSC-CS significantly inhibited lymphocyte responses, confirming its immunomodulatory action. Thus, alloADSC-CS is likely safe and does not elicit any alloreactive immunological response in the host. Moreover, it exerts an immunomodulatory action, which supports its translation to a clinical setting.

Design of remnant pillar in mechanized depillaring using continuous miner

Ribs and snooks are the critical natural support at the goaf edge in the mechanized depillaring operation of the bord and pillar mining system. The pillar extraction has been carried out by taking the slices and leaving ribs and snooks during the depillaring operation. Remnants are the remaining portion of the extracted pillar. The depillaring operation leads to an unsupported roof, and the immediate unsupported roof imposes its weight on the pillar (remnant) under extraction. The remnant’s purpose is to provide a necessary reaction to the overhang to restrict roof failure until the pillar’s final slice. The remnant’s stability during depillaring operation has been accessed in the study using three-dimensional numerical simulations. A scheme has also been proposed in the study to evaluate the factor of safety (FOS*) of the remnant pillar in the residual phase at different stages of slicing operation. A case of an Indian coal mine using the fish-bone method has been chosen for the study. A typical depillaring stage has been selected for the extraction of the pillar using the fish-bone method. The numerical simulation of the considered panel provides the vertical stress and yielding profile on the pillars at different stages of depillaring. The simulation results show the influence zone up to one pillar from the goaf edge. The immediate intact pillar shows considerable yielding of about 60% of the pillar area. The remnants have completely yielded during the slicing operation but provide a reaction to the immediate strata. The remnant should provide the reaction to the immediate roof till taking the final slice from the pillar. The remnant’s FOS* is calculated by taking the ratio of reaction offered by the remnant (numerical simulations) and the weight of the overhang (estimation). The area’s borehole section shows two layers of medium to coarse-grained sandstone as an immediate stratum. The weight of the immediate strata has been estimated in the study considering the immediate strata’s thickness. Two different scenarios of immediate strata thickness (i.e., 4.75 m and 9 m) have been considered in the study to evaluate the remnant’s FOS at different depillaring stages.

Heterogenization of Homogeneous Photocatalysts Utilizing Synthetic and Natural Support Materials

Homogeneous photocatalysis has considerably contributed to the green applications such as energy production and environmental decontamination. Currently, researchers mainly focus on the search for sustainable processes that can generate valuable...

Blended Natural Support Materials—Collagen Based Hydrogels Used in Biomedicine

Due to their unique properties—the are biocompatible, easily accessible, and inexpensive with programmable properties—biopolymers are used in pharmaceutical and biomedical research, as well as in cosmetics and food. Collagen is one of the most-used biomaterials in biomedicine, being the most abundant protein in animals with a triple helices structure, biocompatible, biomimetic, biodegradable, and hemostatic. Its disadvantages are its poor mechanical and thermal properties and enzymatic degradation. In order to solve this problem and to use its benefits, collagen can be used blended with other biomaterials such as alginate, chitosan, and cellulose. The purpose of this review article is to offer a brief paper with updated information on blended collagen-based formulations and their potential application in biomedicine.

MEMBANGUN KEWIRAUSAIIAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AGRIBISNIS DI ERA GLOBALISASI

To face the economic problems in this global era, the agriculture sector can support the needs of many people in Indonesia, particularly those who have a low economic background. Recently most farmers have worked hard to increase their productivity. However, they often find have problems or handicaps such as (1) human resource is still low; (2) financial problems; (3) land is not enough to produce commodities; (4) infrastructures are not available enough; (5) appropriate technologies are not enough; (6) networking system of agriculture is not established yet to all agriculture sector; (7) most of the farmers are depending on the natural support; (8) skill, spirit entrepreneurship and sense of self-support of the farmers are not optimized. Regarding these problems, in fact, most farmers are developing their agriculture sectors without considering the quality of their products which is very important to the consumers, the second problem is economic global which is running fast. This can cause problems for farmers. It is therefore, all the farmers should be motivated to improve their capability on agriculture and their feeling confidence. Based on the issues, this article focuses on the single problem like "is it relevant to give understanding about the business which oriented to agribusiness toward the global area. It is summed up that in global marketing, the agriculture sector is relevant to wake the spirit, entrepreneurship ability of the farmers and oriented to agribusiness. Then they should consider the efficiency, competitive, productivity, viable, marketing strategic and self-support in order to place themselves well either in the local, regional or national level, even at the international level.

Elimination of Methylene Blue by low-cost Biomaterial prepared from Local Natural Residue

This study aims to assess the use of natural waste (fruit kernels) for the preparation of a bimaterial in order to use it as a natural support for the elimination of a dye (methylene blue) from aqueous solutions for environmental protection. The biomaterial was characterized physicochemically and the determination of methylene blue concentration was carried out by a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. In order to clarify the adsorption process, experiments in a batch system were carried out to study the effect of operating parameters such as the initial concentration of methylene blue (2-10 mg·L-1), biomaterial (0.1-1 g) and the contact time (10-120 min). To describe the adsorption equilibrium, the experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir isotherm and the Freundlich isotherm. The equilibrium is perfectly described by the Freundlich model (R2>0.99) and the adsorption process is multilayer. The results of the present study suggest that washingtonia seed (WS) can be advantageously used as a low-cost biosorbent for water discoloration

A composite of clay, cement, and wood as natural support material for the immobilization of commercial titania (P25, P90, PC500, C-TiO2) towards photocatalytic phenol degradation

Different types of commercial titania (P25, P90, PC500, and C-TiO2) were immobilized as single or mixed photocatalyst onto the surface of a natural support material made of cement, clay, and wood fibers. The successful immobilization was studied by different techniques showing a composite material with the mechanical properties of the support material and the photocatalytic behavior of the immobilized titania. The supported photocatalyst showed high mechanical stability and was applied to the photocatalytic degradation of phenol as a model pollutant under UV light irradiation. As the most active photocatalytic material, a mixture PC500 and P90 (comp-PC500/P90) was identified with an apparent pseudo first-order kinetic rate constant (kapp) of 0.010 min−1 at a degradation efficiency of 100%. The catalyst was used several times and showed minor loss in activity during four runs due to degradation intermediates adsorbed to the surface, shown by a color change from white to yellow.