Distributions of phosphorus fractions in the sediments of a river–lake system: a case study in Huai River catchment area, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 824-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piao Jingqiu ◽  
Tang Changyuan ◽  
Song Xianfang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Sediment Characteristics ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Lake System ◽  
Hongze Lake ◽  
Huai River ◽  
Fraction Distribution ◽  
P Fraction

Phosphorus (P) forms, with respect to sediment characteristics, and an in-stream sluice were studied in the river–lake system, Huai River catchment area, China. The mean of total P in sediments in the mainstream of the Huai River was higher than that in the Hongze Lake. It was found that P fractions varied in the sediments throughout the river and lake. Detrital-P was the dominant P fraction in the mainstream and organic P and detrital-P were the dominant P fractions in the lake, which could indicate: biologically available and non-biologically available forms. Useful information for the interpretation of P fractions could also be obtained from major sediment characteristics. Whether the relations between P fractions and grain size characteristics were significant or weak, 0.125 mm was a threshold grain size for P fraction distribution in sediment. In addition, the Bengbu Sluice, one of the most important in-stream facilities in the Huai River catchment area, regulated not only the transport of P in sediments upstream and downstream of the sluice, but also the distribution of P fractions in the river–lake system. Therefore, it was confirmed that nutrient loadings could be prevented from reaching the watershed, as well as improved ecological diversity by integrating sluice operation.

scholarly journals Comparison of phosphorus fraction distribution and influencing factors of suspended and surface sediments in the Tiaoxi watershed, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2108-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmeng Ye ◽  
Xuyin Yuan ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
Heng Yin ◽  
Jing Jin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Fraction Distribution ◽  
Inorganic P Fractions ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Major Factors

Suspended and surface sediments from the Tiaoxi watershed, fed by the Xitiaoxi and Dongtiaoxi rivers, were analyzed for total phosphorus (TP) and the inorganic P fractions of loosely adsorbed P that were extractable with NH4Cl (NH4Cl-P), reductant P (BD-P), metal oxide-bound P extractable with NaOH (NaOH-P), and calcium-bound, HCl-extractable P (HCl-P), while other physicochemical compositions were also determined. The spatial variations of P fractions in these sediments were investigated, and the major factors influencing the various fractions were explored by multivariate statistics. Compared to surface sediments, suspended sediments contained considerably higher concentrations of total nitrogen, TP, organic matter, Al, Fe, Mn and biologically available P (BAP, given as NH4Cl-P, BD-P and NaOH-P combined) and lower concentrations of Si, Ca and HCl-P in the studied catchments. Dongtiaoxi sediments had higher TP, inorganic phosphorus and HCl-P concentrations and a lower BAP content compared with Xitiaoxi sediments, trends that were associated with local geological backgrounds, landscapes and anthropogenic characteristics. The results of principal component analysis showed different effects of sediment properties on P fraction distributions for Xitiaoxi and Dongtiaoxi sediments. The sediment components and structure exert a strong influence on BAP in Xitiaoxi sediments, in contrast to Dongtiaoxi sediments, where P fractions are mainly affected by urbanization and other anthropogenic activities such as shipping.

scholarly journals Influence of Application of Organic Residues of Different Biochemical Quality on Phosphorus Fractions in a Tropical Sandy Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Tanabhat-Sakorn Sukitprapanon ◽  
Metawee Jantamenchai ◽  
Duangsamorn Tulaphitak ◽  
Nattaporn Prakongkep ◽  
Robert John Gilkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Residue Quality ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Labile P

Understanding phosphorus (P) dynamics in tropical sandy soil treated with organic residues of contrasting quality is crucial for P management using organic amendments. This research determined P fractions in a tropical sandy soil under the application of organic residues of different quality, including groundnut stover (GN), tamarind leaf litter (TM), dipterocarp leaf litter (DP), and rice straw (RS). The organic residues were applied at the rate of 10 t DM ha−1 year−1. The P fractions were examined by a sequential extraction procedure. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, resulted in P accumulation in soils. For unamended soil, 55% of total P was mainly associated with Al (hydr)oxides. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, diminished the NH4F-extractable P (Al-P) fraction, but it had a nonsignificant effect on NaOH-extractable P (Fe-P). The majority of Al-P and Fe-P fractions were associated with crystalline Al and Fe (hydr)oxides. NH4Cl-extractable P (labile P), NaHCO3-extractable P (exchangeable P and mineralizable organic P), HCl-extractable P (Ca-P), and residual P fractions in soil were significantly increased as a result of the incorporation of organic residues. The application of organic residues, particularly those high in ash alkalinity, increase soil pH, labile P, and Ca-P fractions. In contrast, applications of residues high in lignin and polyphenols increase residual P fraction, which is associated with organo-mineral complexes and clay mineral kaolinite.

The distribution of lead, zinc, and chromium in fractions of bottom sediments in the Narew River and its tributaries

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Skorbiłowicz ◽  
Elżbieta Skorbiłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Lead Zinc

The distribution of lead, zinc, and chromium in fractions of bottom sediments in the Narew River and its tributariesThe purpose of the paper was to evaluate the distribution of lead, zinc and chromium contents in different grain fractions of bottom sediments in the Narew River and some of its tributaries. This study also aimed to determine which fractions are mostly responsible for bottom sediment pollution. The studies of the Narew and its tributaries (the Supraśl, Narewka, and Orlanka) were conducted in September 2005 in the upper Narew catchment area. The analyzed bottom sediments differed regarding grain size distribution. The studies revealed the influence of the percentage of particular grain fractions present on the accumulation of heavy metals in all bottom sediments.

Modeling Recrystallization for 3D Multi-Pass Forming Processes

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 1201-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Teodorescu ◽  
Patrice Lasne ◽  
Roland E. Logé
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Static Recrystallization ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Finite Element Code ◽  
3D Numerical Simulation ◽  
Fraction Distribution ◽  
Simulation Results

The present work concerns the simulation of metallurgical evolutions in 3D multi-pass forming processes. In this context, the analyzed problem is twofold. One point refers to the management of the microstructure evolution during each pass or each inter-pass period and the other point concerns the management of the multi-pass aspects (different grain categories, data structure). In this framework, a model is developed and deals with both aspects. The model considers the microstructure as a composite made of a given (discretized) number of phases which have their own specific properties. The grain size distribution and the recrystallized volume fraction distribution of the different phases evolve continuously during a pass or inter-pass period. With this approach it is possible to deal with the heterogeneity of the microstructure and its evolution in multi-pass conditions. Both dynamic and static recrystallization phenomena are taken into account, with typical Avrami-type equations. The present model is implemented in the Finite Element code FORGE2005®. 3D numerical simulation results for a multi-pass process are presented.

scholarly journals Impact of flow variability and sediment characteristics on channel width evolution

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 05044
Author(s):  
Andrés Vargas-Luna ◽  
Alessandra Crosato ◽  
Protogene Byishimo ◽  
Wim Uijttewaal
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Channel Width ◽  
River Morphology ◽  
Channel Formation ◽  
Sediment Characteristics ◽  
Alluvial Rivers ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Streamflow Variability

Alluvial rivers are shaped by sequences of water flows excavating their channels. Observations show that besides the magnitude, also the frequency and duration of streamflow oscillations might be important for the river channel formation. In addition, the river morphology appears influenced also by both size and degree of uniformity of the sediment. Nevertheless, many morphodynamic studies still represent the flow regime with a single value of the discharge, often corresponding to the bankfull condition, and the sediment with its median grain size. This work investigates the effects of streamflow variability and sediment characteristics on channel width formation, analysing the evolution of experimental streams with different sediments and discharge hydrographs. Results show that the formative condition of the channel width is not the geometric bankfull flow but a rather frequent peak flow. Remarkably different channel configurations arise from different sediment characteristics in the laboratory, where sediment non-uniformity produces more stable banks.

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the Indus River catchment area, Pakistan: Status, soil–air exchange and black carbon mediated distribution

Chemosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anam Bajwa ◽  
Usman Ali ◽  
Adeel Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Jamshed Iqbal Chaudhry ◽  
Jabir Hussain Syed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Soil Air ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Air Exchange

scholarly journals Quantification and Genotyping of Human Sapoviruses in the Llobregat River Catchment, Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1111-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Sano ◽  
Unai Pérez-Sautu ◽  
Susana Guix ◽  
Rosa Maria Pintó ◽  
Takayuki Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
First Report ◽  
Llobregat River

ABSTRACTHuman sapoviruses (SaVs) were quantified and characterized in an 18-month survey conducted along the Llobregat river catchment area in Spain. Sample types included freshwater, untreated and treated wastewater, and drinking water. All genogroups were recovered, and a seasonal distribution was observed. This is the first report of SaV quantification and genotyping in the environment outside Japan.

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