scholarly journals Characteristic numbers of granular activated carbon for the elimination of micropollutants from effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Benstoem ◽  
J. Pinnekamp
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Characteristic Numbers ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) is a promising step to extend existing treatment trains in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and, thus, to reduce the concentration of micropollutants (MPs) (e.g. pharmaceuticals) in wastewater. It is common practice to use characteristic numbers when choosing GAC for a specific application. In this study, characteristic numbers were correlated for five different GACs, with measured adsorption capacities of these carbons for three pharmaceutical MPs (carbamazepine, diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole) and dissolved organic carbon of a WWTP effluent. The adsorption capacities were measured using rapid small scale column tests. Density of GAC showed the highest correlation to adsorption of MP. All other characteristic numbers (iodine number, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface and methylene blue titre) are not suitable markers for choosing an appropriate activated carbon product for the elimination of MPs from municipal wastewater.

Recirculation of powdered activated carbon for the adsorption of dyes in municipal wastewater treatment plants

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nicolet ◽  
U. Rott
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The use and recirculation of powdered activated carbon (PAC) as an advanced treatment for colour removal in municipal wastewater treatment plants is presented. Studied wastewaters consist of domestic effluents with a high portion of dyehouse residual waters. The particularity of the treatment is that PAC is not disposed of before being recirculated several times. Therefore, it enables the use of a great part of the total adsorption capacity of the PAC. A positive side effect is that halogenated and refractory organic compounds, which are not degraded by micro-organisms in a conventional municipal wastewater treatment plant, are removed too. This paper describes results which were obtained in batch experiments and in a pilot plant during two years of observation, and concludes with advantages and drawbacks of this technology.

Status Analysis on Construction and Operational Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Guangxi

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 808-811
Author(s):  
Qiong Fang Wu ◽  
Guan Wen Cheng ◽  
Ning Shu Liang ◽  
Xu Jiang Qin ◽  
Biao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Ditch ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

In “Eleventh Five-Year” period, Guangxi has vigorously promoted the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The statistics about construction scale shows that most of sewage treatment plants are small-scale. The main processes adopted in the plants are Oxidation ditch(OD), A²/O and SBR and its improved processes. The loading rate is generally low. COD and BOD removal effect are 78% and 87%. In scale of below 2×104m³/d, 2-5×104m³/d,5-10×104m³/d and more than 10×104m³/d, the costs of Diatomite, Oxidation ditch(OD), Oxidation ditch(OD), A²/O processes are relatively provincial, respectively. Meanwhile, the running costs of sewage treatment plants are mainly affected by the scale of construction and loading rate.

The Preparation of Sludge-Based Activated Carbon and Its Physical and Chemical Characteristics

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 1631-1637
Author(s):  
Zhu Wu Jiang ◽  
Kai Kang ◽  
Xiao Ming Xu ◽  
Ya Lei Zhang ◽  
Xue Jiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Preparation Condition ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In this article, the sludge-based activated carbon was prepared by the sewage sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment plants with ZnCl2 as the activator. The concentration of the activator was 30% and the pyrolysis temperature and duration were 500°C and 1 hour, respectively. The yield of sludge-based activated carbon was 30.14% with 4.66% ash. Under the best preparation condition, carbon content would be highest and the pore structure would be clear. The sludge-based activated carbon was mainly composed of mesopores. The main adsorption peaks of the sludge-based activated carbon were C-O-C (1078.3 cm-1), C=C（1568.7 cm-1）and –OH（3190.9 cm-1）groups.

Removal of micropollutants in municipal wastewater treatment plants by powder-activated carbon

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2115-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Boehler ◽  
B. Zwickenpflug ◽  
J. Hollender ◽  
T. Ternes ◽  
A. Joss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Powder Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Micropollutants (MP) are only partly removed from municipal wastewater by nutrient removal plants and are seen increasingly as a threat to aquatic ecosystems and to the safety of drinking water resources. The addition of powder activated carbon (PAC) is a promising technology to complement municipal nutrient removal plants in order to achieve a significant reduction of MPs and ecotoxicity in receiving waters. This paper presents the salient outcomes of pilot- and full-scale applications of PAC addition in different flow schemes for micropollutant removal in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The sorption efficiency of PAC is reduced with increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Adequate treatment of secondary effluent with 5–10 g DOC m−3 requires 10–20 g PAC m−3 of effluent. Counter-current use of PAC by recycling waste PAC from post-treatment in a contact tank with an additional clarifier to the biology tank improved the overall MP removal by 10 to 50% compared with effluent PAC application alone. A dosage of 15 g PAC m−3 to a full-scale flocculation sand filtration system and recycling the backwash water to the biology tank showed similar MP elimination. Due to an adequate mixing regime and the addition of adapted flocculants, a good retention of the fine fraction of the PAC in the deep-bed filter were observed (1–3 g TSS m−3; TSS: total suspended solids). With double use of PAC, only half of the PAC was required to reach MP removal efficiencies similar to the direct single dosage of PAC to the biology tank. Overall, the application of PAC in WWTPs seems to be an adequate and feasible technology for efficient MP elimination (>80%) from wastewater comparable with post ozonation.

A study about the use of chemicals in conventional tertiary treatment. Performances comparison of three municipal wastewater treatment plants and pilot plant experiences

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Iborra-Clar ◽  
J.A. Mendoza-Roca ◽  
A. Bes-Pií ◽  
J.J. Morenilla-Martínez ◽  
I. Bernácer-Bonora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Valencian Region ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Rainfall diminution in the last years has entailed water scarcity in plenty of European regions, especially in Mediterranean areas. As a consequence, regional water authorities have enhanced wastewater reclamation and reuse. Thus, the implementation of tertiary treatments has become of paramount importance in the municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) of Valencian Region (Spain). Conventional tertiary treatments consist of a physico-chemical treatment of the secondary effluent followed by sand filtration and UV radiation. However, the addition of coagulants and flocculants sometimes does not contribute significantly in the final water quality. In this work, results of 20-months operation of three WWTP in Valencian Region with different tertiary treatments (two without chemicals addition and another with chemicals addition) are discussed. Besides, experiments with a 2 m3/h pilot plant located in the WWTP Quart-Benager in Valencia were performed in order to evaluate with the same secondary effluent the effect of the chemicals addition on the final water quality. Results showed that the addition of chemicals did not improve the final water quality significantly. These results were observed both comparing the three full scale plants and in the pilot plant operation.

Nanofiltration of endocrine disrupting compounds

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gallenkemper ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
T. Melin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Set Up

Endocrine disrupting compounds can affect the hormone system in organisms. A wide range of endocrine disrupters were found in sewage and effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants. Toxicological evaluations indicate that conventional wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove these substances sufficiently before disposing effluent into the environment. Membrane technology, which is proving to be an effective barrier to these substances, is the subject of this research. Nanofiltration provides high quality permeates in water and wastewater treatment. Eleven different nanofiltration membranes were tested in the laboratory set-up. The observed retention for nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) ranged between 70% and 100%. The contact angle is an indicator for the hydrophobicity of a membrane, whose influence on the permeability and retention of NP was evident. The retention of BPA was found to be inversely proportional to the membrane permeability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document