Monochloramine dissipation in storm sewer systems: field testing and model development

Abstract Monochloramine (NH2Cl), as the dominant disinfectant in drinking water chloramination, can provide long-term disinfection in distribution systems. However, NH2Cl can also be discharged into storm sewer systems and cause stormwater contamination through outdoor tap water uses. In storm sewer systems, NH2Cl dissipation can occur by three pathways: (i) auto-decomposition, (ii) chemical reaction with stormwater components, and (iii) biological dissipation. In this research, a field NH2Cl dissipation test was conducted with continuous tap water discharge into a storm sewer. The results showed a fast decrease of NH2Cl concentration from the discharge point to the sampling point at the beginning of the discharge period, while the rate of decrease decreased as time passed. Based on the various pathways involved in NH2Cl decay and the field testing results, a kinetic model was developed. To describe the variation of the NH2Cl dissipation rates during the field testing, a time coefficient fT was introduced, and the relationship between fT and time was determined. After calibration through the fT coefficient, the kinetic model described the field NH2Cl dissipation process well. The model developed in this research can assist in the regulation of tap water outdoor discharge and contribute to the protection of the aquatic environment.

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Evaluating the Mixing Mechanism of Outfall Discharges from Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 ◽

10.1061/41036(342)544 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Michael H. Woo

Keyword(s):

Sewer Systems ◽

Storm Sewer

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Laboratory study and computer model development related to gross solids' movement in combined sewers

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0172 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (9) ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John W. Davies ◽

Yanli Xu ◽

David Butler

Keyword(s):

Computer Simulation ◽

Pipe Flow ◽

Model Development ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Pilot Model ◽

Sewer Systems ◽

Flow Quality ◽

Computer Simulation Models ◽

Theoretical Considerations

Significant problems in sewer systems are caused by gross solids, and there is a strong case for their inclusion in computer simulation models of sewer flow quality. The paper describes a project which considered methods of modelling the movement of gross solids in combined sewers. Laboratory studies provided information on advection and deposition of typical gross solids in part-full pipe flow. Theoretical considerations identified aspects of models for gross solids that should differ from those for dissolved and fine suspended pollutants. The proposed methods for gross solids were incorporated in a pilot model, and their effects on simple simulations were considered.

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Steam Reforming of Phenol Toward Cleaner Hydrogen Production over Bimetallic Ni/Ti Modified Zinc Titanate Perovskite in Tandem with A Kinetic Model Development

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127519 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 127519

Author(s):

Khaled S. Baamran ◽

Muhammad Tahir

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Kinetic Model ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Model Development ◽

Zinc Titanate

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5‐(Chloromethyl)furfural production from glucose: A pioneer kinetic model development exploring the mechanism

International Journal of Chemical Kinetics ◽

10.1002/kin.21485 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Churchil A. Antonyraj ◽

Amal J. Chennattussery ◽

Ajit Haridas

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Model ◽

Model Development ◽

Furfural Production

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Kinetic Model Development for Accelerated Stability Studies

AAPS PharmSciTech ◽

10.1208/s12249-016-0565-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1158-1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Don Clancy ◽

Neil Hodnett ◽

Rachel Orr ◽

Martin Owen ◽

John Peterson

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Model ◽

Model Development ◽

Stability Studies ◽

Accelerated Stability

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QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE WATERS AT ASPROLAKKAS RIVER BASIN, N.E. CHALKIDIKI, GREECE

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece ◽

10.12681/bgsg.11359 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 1737

Author(s):

E. Kelepertzis ◽

A. Argyraki ◽

E. Daftsis ◽

D. Ballas

Keyword(s):

Surface Waters ◽

Water Samples ◽

Major Ions ◽

Stream Water ◽

Water Discharge ◽

Sampling Period ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Sampling Point ◽

The Past ◽

Surface Water Samples

The present study reports on a four sampling period (April 2008-July 2008-November 2008-February 2009) study of water quality in streams of NE Chalkidiki. A total of 80 surface water samples were collected and analysed for the major ions Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl- , HCO3 - , SO4 2-, NO3 - and the trace elements Pb, Fe, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mn and As. Also pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Temperature, as well as the stream water discharge at each sampling point, were determined in the field. The treatment and the subsequent evaluation of the data showed that the water samples are divided into three separate groups, reflecting the chemistry of water in the three sub-basins of the area i.e., Kokkinolakkas, Kerasia and Piavitsa. The water of the first one is possibly affected by the past mining activities of the area, whereas samples from the other two reflect the influence of sulphide mineralization on the hydrogeochemistry of the corresponding streams. No effect of the seasonal differentiation of stream water discharge was observed.

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Application of model fitting technique to enhance bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) measurement for drinking water supply monitoring

Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA ◽

10.2166/aqua.2021.069 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wenjin Xue ◽

Christopher W. K. Chow ◽

John van Leeuwen

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Samples ◽

Distribution System ◽

Distribution Systems ◽

Tap Water ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Drinking Water Supply ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Bacterial Regrowth

Abstract The bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) method was utilised to indirectly measure the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) as an indicator for the assessment of the microbial regrowth potential in drinking water distribution systems. A model using various microbial growth parameters was developed in order to standardise the experimental interpretation for BRP measurement. This study used 82 experimental BRP data sets of water samples collected from the water treatment plant to locations (customer taps) in the distribution system. The data were used to model the BRP process (growth curve) by a data fitting procedure and to obtain a best-fitted equation. Statistical assessments and model validation for evaluating the equation obtained by fitting these 82 sets of data were conducted, and the results show average R2 values were 0.987 for treated water samples (collected at the plant prior to chlorination) and 0.983 for tap water (collected at the customer taps). The F values obtained from the F-test are all exceeded their corresponding F critical values, and the results from the t-test also showed a good outcome. These results indicate this model would be successfully applied in modelling BRP in drinking water supply systems.

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DEVELOPING APPRECIATIVE LITERATURE TEXTBOOK BASED ON THEMATIC-INTEGRATIVE THROUGH ACTIVE LEARNING TO IMPROVE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ APPRECIATIVE CAPABILITY ON POETRY AND DRAMA IN ELEMENTARY TECHER EDUCATION PROGRAM

Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series ◽

10.20961/shes.v1i1.23716 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Endang Sri Markamah ◽

St. Y. Slamet ◽

Rukayah Rukayah ◽

Retno Winarni

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Education Program ◽

Teacher Education Program ◽

Model Development ◽

Field Testing ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Interactive Analysis ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Independent Technique

The objectives of this research were: (1) to describe students’ and lecturers’ needs on poetry and drama appreciative textbook, (2) to describe the development of textbook model (3) to find the effectiveness of textbook model 4) to describe textbook dissemination. The type of research used was research and development. Research was done through 4 stages: (1) exploration, (2) model development, (3) model testing, (4) dissemination. Exploration stage used qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and questionnaires. Data analysis technique was interactive analysis model. Model testing was done through experimental research. The results of this research were: (1) the exploration stage showed that the poetry and drama learning textbook used by Elementary Teacher Education Program (ETEP) studentsin Surakarta did not meet the students’ and lecturers’ need, (2) model development stage producedappreciative poetry and drama textbook through preliminary field testing; (3) model testing phase was to test effectiveness of the textbook used t-test non-independent technique.It was obtained tobtainof 23 and ttable(90; 0.05)of 1.67. Thus, tobtained (23)> ttable (1.67) which meant that the hypothesis was accepted (Ho was rejected). In conclusion, the Appreciative Poetry and Drama textbook model was effectively improve students' poetry and drama appreciation skills. Dissemination was done through national seminars, article writing in international journals, as well as the publishing of an Integrative-thematic Textbook of Poetry and Drama Learning with ISBN.

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