scholarly journals What removals of pathogen indicators can be expected within large-scale wastewater treatment facilities in the context of wastewater reuse in Paris conurbation?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mailler ◽  
P. Mèche ◽  
V. Rocher
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Pathogen Indicators ◽  
Faecal Bacteria ◽  
Raw Wastewater

Abstract The fate of pathogen indicators (Escherichia coli – EC, intestinal enterococci – IE, RNA-F bacteriophages and SSR) was extensively studied in Parisian large-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), based on conventional activated sludge, biofiltration or MBR processes. 14–87 campaigns were performed between 2014 and 2018 in 5 WWTPs. High removals of 3 log for both EC and IE, and lower removals of 1–2 log for SSR and RNA-F bacteriophages, were observed in conventional activated sludge and biofiltration WWTPs. The MBR WWTP achieves notably greater removals of 4.5–5.5 log for faecal bacteria and 3–4 log of SSR and RNA-F bacteriophages. This WWTP is the only already in compliance with reuse standards, the other ones being non-compliant because of SSR and RNA-F bacteriophages. The implementation of a micro-grain activated carbon process would increase the WWTPs removals of 0.8 log for faecal bacteria, due to particles retention, with no significant effect on both other pathogens. Ozonation (0.9–1.3 g O3/gDOC) or performic acid (0.8–1.2 ppm) would have greater benefits with additional removals of 1.5–2.5 log for EC, 1–2 log for IE and 0.5–1 log for SSR and RNA-F bacteriophages. Correlations between pathogen indicators removals and initial concentrations were found, as well as a significant decrease of RNA-F bacteriophages concentrations in Parisian raw wastewater, below 2 log. Thus, RNA-F bacteriophages could be a real issue to evaluate the compliance of Parisian wastewater with reuse. The time evolution of removals demonstrated that SSR is the most problematic parameter regarding reuse in conventional activated sludge and biofiltration WWTPs, as its initial concentration is high (5 log) but removals insufficient (<2 log). In contrary, removals of RNA-F bacteriophages greater than 2 log can be obtained within WWTPs completed or not with a tertiary treatment when the initial concentration in raw wastewater is sufficient. Correlations were also found between the removals of pathogen indicators and the removals of physico-chemical parameters, but they are not good enough to allow performances predictions.

Modeling of a large-scale wastewater treatment plant for efficient operation

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Gokcay ◽  
G. Sin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Western World ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Physical Chemical

Environmental legislations in the Western world impose stringent effluent quality standards for ultimate protection of the environment. This is also observed in Turkey. The current paper presents efforts made to simulate an existing 0.77 million m3/day conventional activated sludge plant located at Ankara, AWTP. The ASM1 model was used for simulation in this study. The model contains numerous stoichiometric and kinetic parameters, some of which need to be determined on case by case bases. The easily degradable COD (SS) was determined by two methods, physical-chemical and respirometric methods, namely. The latter method was deemed unreliable and rejected in the further study. Dynamic simulation with SSSP program predicted effluent COD and MLSS values successfully while overestimating OUR. A complete fit could only be obtained by introducing a dimensionless correction factor (ηO2 = 0.58) to the oxygen term in ASM1.

Emerging investigators series: revisiting greenhouse gas mitigation from conventional activated sludge and anaerobic-based wastewater treatment systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1739-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siming Chen ◽  
Moustapha Harb ◽  
Pooja Sinha ◽  
Adam L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

Elucidation of N2O formation mechanisms in aerobic-based wastewater treatment is essential for effective greenhouse gas mitigation, whereas mainstream anaerobic treatment requires improved methane recoverability.

scholarly journals LCA of a Membrane Bioreactor Compared to Activated Sludge System for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Dimitra C. Banti ◽  
Michail Tsangas ◽  
Petros Samaras ◽  
Antonis Zorpas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems are connected to several advantages compared to the conventional activated sludge (CAS) units. This work aims to the examination of the life cycle environmental impact of an MBR against a CAS unit when treating municipal wastewater with similar influent loading (BOD = 400 mg/L) and giving similar high-quality effluent (BOD < 5 mg/L). The MBR unit contained a denitrification, an aeration and a membrane tank, whereas the CAS unit included an equalization, a denitrification, a nitrification, a sedimentation, a mixing, a flocculation tank and a drum filter. Several impact categories factors were calculated by implementing the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, including acidification potential, eutrophication potential, global warming potential (GWP), ozone depletion potential and photochemical ozone creation potential of the plants throughout their life cycle. Real data from two wastewater treatment plants were used. The research focused on two parameters which constitute the main differences between the two treatment plants: The excess sludge removal life cycle contribution—where GWPMBR = 0.50 kg CO2-eq*FU−1 and GWPCAS = 2.67 kg CO2-eq*FU−1 without sludge removal—and the wastewater treatment plant life cycle contribution—where GWPMBR = 0.002 kg CO2-eq*FU−1 and GWPCAS = 0.14 kg CO2-eq*FU−1 without land area contribution. Finally, in all the examined cases the environmental superiority of the MBR process was found.

Irrigation Reuse of Pond Effluents in Developing Countries

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Bartone ◽  
S. Arlosoroff
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Ponds

The large-scale reuse of sewage for irrigation, often without adequate safeguards, is commonplace in many arid and semiarid regions of the world. A UNDP/World Bank global research project has reviewed available epidemiological data and formulated a risk model to evaluate sanitary control options for effluent irrigation. The study concluded that wastewater treatment processes that effectively remove all or most of the pathogens in wastewater provide a major or total reduction in the negative health effects caused by raw wastewater reuse. Furthermore, the study found the recommended criteria for effective wastewater treatment for irrigation reuse in developing countries to be, in order of priority: (1) maximum removal of helminths; (2) effective reduction in bacterial and viral pathogens; and (3) freedom from odor and appearance nuisances (i.e., reduction of BOD). Multicell stabilization ponds are suited to meet all three criteria. Research sponsored by the UNDP/World Bank project has shown that well-designed and operated multicell stabilization ponds achieve virtually total removal of helminths and a greater than 99.99 percent reduction of enteric bacteria. Waste stabilization ponds can produce an odor-free effluent rich in nutrients and attractive for agricultural use. Most suitable in hot developing countries, ponds are a particularly robust, flexible, and almost fail-safe treatment system having low construction and operation costs. Research is now focusing on management and policy issues required to effectively achieve controlled irrigation reuse.

Performances of RO and NF processes for wastewater reuse: Tertiary treatment after a conventional activated sludge or a membrane bioreactor

Desalination ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 250 (2) ◽  
pp. 833-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Jacob ◽  
Christelle Guigui ◽  
Corinne Cabassud ◽  
Hélène Darras ◽  
Gwenaelle Lavison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge

scholarly journals Study the Effect of Temperature on the Performance of Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor in Wastewater Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Alaa K. Mohammed ◽  
Qusay Fathel ◽  
Safaa A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Engineering Department

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) is one of the modifications to the conventional activated sludge process, since it is the combination of a membrane module and a bioreactor. In the present study, 100 liters lab-scale aerobic MBR was seeded with 1.5 Liter activated sludge and municipal wastewater from AL-Rustumiya municipal wastewater treatment station, two hollow fibers sample (MI,MII) manufactured in the University of Technology/ Chemical Engineering Department, were used as biomembranes. Trans membrane pressure TMP was studied and it was found that the optimum value of TMP was 10 cm Hg vacuum which gave optimum effluent flux 400 ml/hr for MI and 350 ml/hr for MII. The experimental work involves the effect of temperature 25, 35, 45°C on the performance of the MBR fibers sample (MI, MII) and its effect on biomass growth and removal efficiency of the COD, BOD. Both samples show good performance in 25°C.

scholarly journals Simulation for the Performance and Economic Evaluation of Conventional Activated Sludge Process Replacing by Sequencing Batch Reactor Technology in a Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Treatment Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahryar Jafarinejad
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Petroleum Refinery ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Project Construction

Treatment of the petroleum refinery wastewater containing complex chemicals using biological processes is usually challenging because of the inhibition and/or toxicity of these matters when they serve as microbial substrates. In addition, performance modeling and cost evaluation of processes are essential for designing, construction, and forecasting future economic requirements of the petroleum refinery wastewater treatment plants (PRWWTPs). In this study, the performance and economics of conventional activated sludge (CAS) process replacing by sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology in a two train PRWWTP were evaluated using simulation. The final treated effluent characteristics for the PRWWTPs containing CAS + CAS and SBR + CAS processes under steady state conditions were studied and evolution of the main parameters of the final effluent during the 30 days of simulation for these plants were investigated. Finally, the total project construction, operation labor, maintenance, material, chemical, energy, and amortization costs of these plants were estimated and compared. Results demonstrated that the project construction cost of PRWWTP containing CAS + CAS processes was lower than that of PRWWTP containing SBR + CAS processes and the energy and amortization costs for both plants were higher in comparison with the operation, maintenance, material, and chemical costs. Note that this study is a computer simulation and drawing general conclusions only on the basis of computer simulation may be insufficient.

scholarly journals Clustering micropollutants based on initial biotransformations for improved prediction of micropollutant removal during conventional activated sludge treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Wang ◽  
Kathrin Fenner ◽  
Damian E. Helbling
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Micropollutant Removal

The lack of fundamental insights on the fate of micropollutants during activated sludge treatment presents one of the biggest challenges in optimizing their removal in wastewater treatment plants.

Removal Characteristics of Human Antibiotics during Wastewater Treatment in Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kobayashi ◽  
M. Yasojima ◽  
K. Komori ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
H. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Batch Experiment ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge Process

Pharmaceuticals resident in sewage and in the aqueous environment has begun to attract attention. The objectives of this research were to clarify the behaviour of selected human antibiotics in wastewater treatment plants, namely levofloxacin (LVFX), clarithromycin (CAM) and azithromycin (AZM) which are much used in Japan. The concentrations in raw influent of LVFX, CAM, AZM were respectively 425~981ng/L, 340~573ng/L, ND(&lt;190 ng/L)~371ng/L. The averages of removal ratio were about 50 % for all selected antibiotics. It was suggested that selected antibiotics was not too much removed in the conventional creature processing like the conventional activated sludge process. The remarkable removals in activated sludge tank using high class treatment method were confirmed about all selected antibiotics. The rise of the concentrations of CAM and AZM was confirmed after the addition of chemical coagulants in one wastewater treatment plant. From the result of batch experiment with activated sludge, it was suggested that LVFX and AZM were removed from water mainly by the absorption to activated sludge. Also, in batch experiment with chemical coagulants, it was suggested that LVFX was removed from water and CAM, AZM were eluted a little in water by adding sulphuric acid band.

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