scholarly journals WATER MOVEMENT AND DEFORMATION IN UNSATURATED MULTI-LAYERED SLOPE UNDER HEAVY RAINFALL

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (71) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang Junfeng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Layered Slope ◽  
Movement And Deformation

scholarly journals Water movement in unsaturated multi-layered slope under heavy rainfall conditions in wetting and dry process

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
Junfeng Tang ◽  
Taro Uchimura ◽  
Shangning Tao ◽  
Tatsuki Toda
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Layered Slope

scholarly journals Monitoring infiltration and subsurface stormflow in layered slope deposits with 3D ERT and hydrometric measurements – the capillary barrier effect as crucial factor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Hübner ◽  
Thomas Günther ◽  
Katja Heller ◽  
Ursula Noell ◽  
Arno Kleber
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Barrier Effect ◽  
Capillary Barrier ◽  
Shallow Subsurface ◽  
Layered Slope ◽  
Slope Deposits ◽  
Flow Pathways

Abstract. Identifying principles of water movement in the shallow subsurface is crucial for adequate process-based hydrological models. Hillslopes are the essential interface for water movement in catchments. The shallow subsurface on slopes typically consist of different layers with varying characteristics. The aim of this study was to draw conclusion about the infiltration behaviour, to identify water flow pathways and derive general validity about the water movement on a hillslope with periglacial slope deposits (cover beds), where the layers differ in their sedimentological and hydrological properties. Especially the described varying influence of the basal layer (LB) as impeding layer on the one hand and as a remarkable pathway for rapid subsurface stormflow on the other. We used a time lapse 3D ERT approach combined with punctual hydrometric data to trace the spreading and the progression of an irrigation plume in layered slope deposits during two irrigation experiments. This multi-technical approach enables us to connect the high spatial resolution of the 3D ERT with the high temporal resolution of the hydrometric devices. Infiltration through the uppermost layer was dominated by preferential flow, whereas the water flow in the deeper layers was mainly matrix flow. Subsurface stormflow due to impeding characteristic of the underlying layer occurs in form of "organic layer interflow" and at the interface to the first basal layer (LB1). However, the main driving factor for subsurface stormflow is the formation of a capillary barrier at the interface to the second basal layer (LB2). The capillary barrier prevents water from entering the deeper layer under unsaturated conditions and diverts the seepage water according to the slope inclination. With higher saturation the capillary barrier breaks down and water reaches the highly conductive deeper layer. This highlights the importance of the capillary barrier effect for the prevention or activation of different flow pathways under variable hydrological conditions.

scholarly journals Physical Model Experiments on Water Infiltration and Failure Modes in Multi-Layered Slopes under Heavy Rainfall

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3458
Author(s):  
Junfeng Tang ◽  
Uchimura Taro ◽  
Dong Huang ◽  
Jiren Xie ◽  
Shangning Tao
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Flow Diversion ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Capillary Barrier ◽  
Model Experiments ◽  
Layered Slope

To assess the influence of an intermediate coarse layer on the slope stability during heavy rainfall, knowledge about water movement and how slope failure occurs is important. To clarify the characteristics of water infiltration in a multi-layered slope and assess its influence on the slope failure modes, eight groups of physical slope models were investigated. It was found that the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in the coarse layer (5.54 × 10−6 cm/s) was much lower than that of the fine layer (1.08 × 10−4 cm/s), which resulted in the capillary barrier working at a lower water content. Intermediate coarse layers embedded between finer ones may initially confine the infiltration within the overlying finer layers, delaying the infiltration and eventually inducing a lateral flow diversion in the inclined slope. Two different failure modes occurred in the model experiments: surface sliding occurred at the toe in the single-layer slope group and piping occurred at the toe in the multi-layered slope as the rainfall water accumulated, was diverted along the interface, and then broke through in the downslope direction of the intermediate coarse layer. The lateral flow diversion caused by the capillary barrier and the tilt angle may be the major factors influencing the difference of the failure modes. The result also revealed that the coarser layers may have negative effects on the slope stability.

scholarly journals Impacts of a capillary barrier on infiltration and subsurface stormflow in layered slope deposits monitored with 3-D ERT and hydrometric measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 5181-5199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Hübner ◽  
Thomas Günther ◽  
Katja Heller ◽  
Ursula Noell ◽  
Arno Kleber
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Seepage Water ◽  
Capillary Barrier ◽  
Shallow Subsurface ◽  
Layered Slope ◽  
Slope Deposits ◽  
Flow Pathways

Abstract. Identifying principles of water movement in the shallow subsurface is crucial for adequate process-based hydrological models. Hillslopes are the essential interface for water movement in catchments. The shallow subsurface on slopes typically consists of different layers with varying characteristics. The aim of this study was to draw conclusions about the infiltration behaviour, to identify water flow pathways and derive some general interpretations for the validity of the water movement on a hillslope with periglacial slope deposits (cover beds), where the layers differ in their sedimentological and hydrological properties. Especially the described varying influence of the basal layer (LB) as an impeding layer on the one hand and as a remarkable pathway for rapid subsurface stormflow on the other. We used a time lapse 3-D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) approach combined with punctual hydrometric data to trace the spreading and the progression of an irrigation plume in layered slope deposits during two irrigation experiments. This multi-technical approach enables us to connect the high spatial resolution of the 3-D ERT with the high temporal resolution of the hydrometric devices. Infiltration through the uppermost layer was dominated by preferential flow, whereas the water flow in the deeper layers was mainly matrix flow. Subsurface stormflow due to impeding characteristic of the underlying layer occurs in form of organic layer interflow and at the interface to the first basal layer (LB1). However, the main driving factor for subsurface stormflow is the formation of a capillary barrier at the interface to the second basal layer (LB2). The capillary barrier prevents water from entering the deeper layer under unsaturated conditions and diverts the seepage water according to the slope inclination. With higher saturation, the capillary barrier breaks down and water reaches the highly conductive deeper layer. This highlights the importance of the capillary barrier effect for the prevention or activation of different flow pathways under variable hydrological conditions.

The relationship between the boundary layer moisture transport from the South China Sea and heavy rainfall over Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-Chi Tu ◽  
Yi-Leng Chen ◽  
Pay-Liam Lin ◽  
Po-Hsiung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Relationship

Aqueous Phase Diffusion in Crystalline Rock

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Bradbury ◽  
D. Lever ◽  
D. Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Radionuclide Transport ◽  
Fracture Networks ◽  
Phase Diffusion ◽  
Main Factors

One of the options being considered for the disposal of radioactive waste is deep burial in crystalline rocks such as granite. It is generally recognised that in such rocks groundwater flows mainly through the fracture networks so that these will be the “highways” for the return of radionuclides to the biosphere. The main factors retarding the radionuclide transport have been considered to be the slow water movement in the fissures over the long distances involved together with sorption both in man-made barriers surrounding the waste, and onto rock surfaces and degradation products in the fissures.

SIMULATION OF HEAVY RAINFALL EVENT DURING 30/10 - 01/11/2008 OVER HANOI BY WRF MODEL

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hiep ◽  
Nguyen Xuan Anh ◽  
Nguyen Duc Nam ◽  
Dang Hong Nhu ◽  
Nguyen Tien Manh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Event
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