scholarly journals Structural Effects of Eurasian Integration

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Migranyan
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Moment ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the achievements, stages of the formation of Eurasian integration and shows the nature of the impact of integration processes on the economic situation of the participating countries. Eurasian integration processes from the moment of the creation of the Customs Union and before its reformatting into the Eurasian Economic Union and the common market of goods and services had a direct impact on the state and dynamics of the main macroeconomic indicators of the member states. The common economic space has led to the rapid transfer of macroeconomic effects, which makes it possible to consider the EAEU as a powerful factor in macroeconomic stabilization during crisis recessions. At the same time, the expectations of positive effects from the functioning of the EAEU were justified only in the initial stages of the formation of a common commodity market due to the effect of trade liberalization. The structure and geography of commodity flows in the EAEU developed inertia, due to the sectoral structure of the national economies of the Union member states. The trade interaction of the countries that make up the integration block is characterized by monocentricity and a higher level of differentiation, which makes it possible to compensate part of the losses while lowering the intensity of foreign trade to stimulate the development of the real sector. Investment cooperation in the EAEU is limited to traditional sectors of the commodity sector and trade finance. The buildup of synergistic effects between the countries of the EAEU has an extensive nature, while a transition to an intensification strategy is needed through the formation of production cooperation platform.

scholarly journals Improving the competitiveness of post-Soviet integrated national economies

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Valerii Leonidovich Abramov ◽  
Natalya Vladimirovna Lapenkova
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Member States ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The subject of this research is the international competitiveness of post-Soviet national economies, within the framework of a new integration association in the post-Soviet space – the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). In the context of studying the competitiveness of the member-states of international regional integration associations, the authors analyze and conditionally divide the scientific and theoretical reserve of Russian and foreign scholars into several key vectors of research. The article formulates the approaches towards assessing the impact of integration processes upon the competitiveness of national economies of the EAEU member-states. For the analysis of competitiveness of the participant countries in the integration alliance, the authors applied the methodology of the Global Competitiveness Index of the World Economic Forum. The competitiveness of participant countries of the alliance was examined in accordance with the eight main criteria: the effectiveness of state institutions, infrastructure, the level of macroeconomic stability, development of financial markets, effectiveness of goods and services market, effectiveness of the job market, development of human capital, and assessment of innovation activity. The conclusion is made that all the countries participating in post-Soviet integration association indicate positive dynamics in their international competitiveness, although its level differs considerably. The approach towards assessing the impact of integration upon the competitiveness is formulated. It is noted that the achievement of higher level of competitiveness is impeded by macroeconomic instability of the national economies of post-Soviet space. Recommendations are given in the formation of their competitive advantages within the framework of the integration union.

scholarly journals Improving the competitiveness of post-Soviet integrated national economies

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Valerii Leonidovich Abramov ◽  
Natalya Vladimirovna Lapenkova
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Member States ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The subject of this research is the international competitiveness of post-Soviet national economies, within the framework of a new integration association in the post-Soviet space – the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). In the context of studying the competitiveness of the member-states of international regional integration associations, the authors analyze and conditionally divide the scientific and theoretical reserve of Russian and foreign scholars into several key vectors of research. The article formulates the approaches towards assessing the impact of integration processes upon the competitiveness of national economies of the EAEU member-states. For the analysis of competitiveness of the participant countries in the integration alliance, the authors applied the methodology of the Global Competitiveness Index of the World Economic Forum. The competitiveness of participant countries of the alliance was examined in accordance with the eight main criteria: the effectiveness of state institutions, infrastructure, the level of macroeconomic stability, development of financial markets, effectiveness of goods and services market, effectiveness of the job market, development of human capital, and assessment of innovation activity. The conclusion is made that all the countries participating in post-Soviet integration association indicate positive dynamics in their international competitiveness, although its level differs considerably. The approach towards assessing the impact of integration upon the competitiveness is formulated. It is noted that the achievement of higher level of competitiveness is impeded by macroeconomic instability of the national economies of post-Soviet space. Recommendations are given in the formation of their competitive advantages within the framework of the integration union.

Eurasian Economic Union: A sober look

2016 ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vinokurov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Member States ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Trade And Investment

The paper appraises current progress in establishing the Customs Union and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Although the progress has slowed down after the initial rapid advancement, the Union is better viewed not as an exception from the general rules of regional economic integration but rather as one of the functioning customs unions with its successes and stumbling blocs. The paper reviews the state of Eurasian institutions, the establishment of the single market of goods and services, the situation with mutual trade and investment flows among the member states, the ongoing work on the liquidation/unification of non-tariff barriers, the problems of the efficient coordination of macroeconomic policies, progress towards establishing an EAEU network of free trade areas with partners around the world, the state of the common labor market, and the dynamics of public opinion on Eurasian integration in the five member states.

18. The Europeanization of National Economies?

2020 ◽  
pp. 422-451
Author(s):  
Vivien A. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Post War ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the impact of Europeanization upon the national economies of European Union member states. It considers how successful the EU has been in promoting its goal of building a single European economy out of the diverse national economies of its member states; how much convergence has occurred among EU member states, and how much divergence remains; and what impact the economic crisis beginning in 2008 has had on the EU and its member states. To answer these questions, the chapter traces the development of Europe’s national economies from the post-war period until today. It also analyses the impact of globalization and Europeanization on post-war varieties of capitalism before concluding with reflections on future patterns of political economic development in the EU in light of the economic crisis.

scholarly journals Analysis of Global Economic and Political Factors and Challenges of the Eurasian Economic Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Zubenko ◽  
A. M. Masalimova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Integration Effect ◽  
Economic Ties

The development of the EAEU takes place in the context of the formation of a new system of world economic relations and the transformation of the rules of world trade. Further areas of multilateral cooperation between states and regional integration associations are emerging (including the digital economy, cryptocurrencies). As a consequence of the aggressive foreign policy of economically developed countries, the regionalization of trade and economic ties is gaining popularity, which makes it urgent to reformat trade relations with regional integration associations. Along with this, the primary integration effect associated with the opening of national markets and the simplification of trade rules, which manifested itself at the first stages of the formation of the customs union and the single economic space (CES), is being exhausted. The volumes of mutual trade of the member states are changing, but its share in the capacity of the common market of the EAEU remains virtually unchanged from year to year. The further growth of trade and economic ties within the EAEU is mainly due to the removal of existing obstacles and the qualitative improvement of the conditions for doing cross-border business. Various negative phenomena distort the integration agenda and substantially neutralize the positive effects of integration. The reasons noted above make the task of a comprehensive study of the economic and geopolitical factors of the integration of member states and new challenges to the integration processes urgent. To develop approaches to strategic planning for the development of the EAEU, adequate assessments of the use of the integration potential of the member states should be made and areas with the most significant reserves for building up integration cooperation should be identified. The full involvement of Armenia and Kyrgyzstan in the orbit of the Eurasian economic integration, as well as severe changes in the external economic situation that have occurred in recent years, require the actualization of possible scenarios for the development of the Eurasian Economic Union and the development of new tactics for the response of the EAEU and the Union member states to newly emerging factors and challenges affecting on integration processes.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on SMEs and the Role of Digitalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Ileana Hamburg
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Skill Gaps ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

Small and medium sized companies (SMEs) should be drivers for national economies, also providing opportunities for socio-economic participation and mobility. But SMEs, more than bigger companies, have experienced difficulties during Covid-19 due to less customer demand for goods and services, limited resources and problems with digitalization. All these facts require rapid change in SME strategies. Based on literature research and on work with SMEs undertaken by the author during European projects, the goal of this communication paper is to illustrate some difficulties experienced by SMEs due to COVID-19 and problems they have with digitalization and skill gaps, as well as measures which could help them. First, the impact of Covid-19 on SMEs and the role of digitalization in their recovery and further developments are presented. Second, certain structures required within SMEs and necessary skills and competences are described in this context. Proposals are then made for reskilling processes within workplace learning and other learning approaches to improve the skills and competences necessary for SME recovery processes. Lifelong learning (LLL) plays an important role in addressing the skills gap between what students have traditionally learned in formal education and the needs of employers and the labor market. LLL should be more connected with other forms of training/learning, digitally supported, interdisciplinary and practically oriented in order to contribute towards achieving the new skills and competences necessary during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and to promote digitalization as a driver to success. The paper also presents examples of the work of the Study Group Lifelong Learning of the IAT, coordinated by the author, and conclusions.

scholarly journals EFFECT AND IMPORTANCE OF CREDIT FLOWS FROM MONETARY POLICY MANAGEMENT ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Nikola Vidović ◽  
Milenko Dželetović ◽  
Hatidža Beriša
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
World Function

The paper focuses on a topic that explains the impact of credit flows on the conduct of monetary policy, as well as their impact on economic activities within national economies in certain countries in the world. Function and importance for the banking sector, as well as for all economic entities, which are categorized by company size, and the impact on the performance and realization of business activities.By comparing similarities and differences, there is a clear distinction between the basic banking channel of credit and the credit channel in the wider sense, as well as their degree of operation in the period before, during, and after the global economic crisis. The paper highlights the positive effects, as well as the negative, ie how their implementation affects the actors of a country's economic system and what are the consequences with a focus on demand, personal consumption, inflation and employment. The problems of adequate application of the model in periods of recession, as well as the degree of representation in developed countries, moderately developed, and countries in the transition period are studied.

The Customs Union in its EU Context

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Lyons QC
Keyword(s):  
Free Movement ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Title 1 ◽  
Member States ◽  
Equivalent Effect ◽  
The Common ◽  
Free Movement Of Goods ◽  
Treaty Of Amsterdam

Until the ratification of the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, the EC Treaty, as it then was, had dealt with the customs union in Articles 9 to 29 which constituted Chapter 1 of Title 1 and was devoted to free movement of goods. Many of the provisions dealt with the staged reduction of duties on imports between Member States and with the procedure by which a common customs tariff was to be established. As the customs union was created on 1 July 1968, by 1997 rationalization of the customs duty provisions in the EC Treaty was clearly long overdue. It was achieved by the Treaty of Amsterdam which ensured that the EC Treaty dealt with the main elements of the customs union in just five articles, Articles 23 to 27. These now appear in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) in Articles 28 to 32. Articles 30 to 32 constitute Chapter 1 of Title II on the free movement of goods. Article 30 provides that customs duties on imports and exports, and charges having equivalent effect, are prohibited between Member States together with customs duties of a fiscal nature. Article 31 states that the common customs

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF CEFTA 2006 – MINI SCHENGEN -ECONOMICS VERSUS POLITICS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dijana Grahovac ◽  
◽  
Senad Softić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Member States ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Member ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
The Eu

The effectiveness and efficiency of CEFTA 2006, even after almost a decade and a half, are far from utilising the potential. Member States act more as competitors than as partners, manifested by a significant number of formal and informal non-tariff barriers. There is no true will to fully exploit the potential offered by the free trade zone. This is also reflected in the low utilisation of financial resources envisaged for joint cross-border cooperation projects of IPA I and IPA II funds. All countries focus their international exchanges through trade with the EU, and intra-CEFTA trade is focused only on exports. The EU is making efforts to connect more tightly countries by supporting mini-Schengen project for Western Balkans. The paper will try to answer the questions: what economic benefits can the mentioned model bring and is politics a significant obstruction? The comparative regression analysis of the impact of the exchange of goods and services on the economic development of the member states for CEFTA 1992 and CEFTA 2006 will be presented in the paper. The analysis will be done by using the SPSS statistical program.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on the transportation and logistics industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-469
Author(s):  
Dalia Perkumiene ◽  
Agbonmere Osamede ◽  
Regina Andriukaitienė ◽  
Olegas Beriozovas
Keyword(s):  
Research Approach ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Logistics Industry ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Delivery Options ◽  
The Impact

In this present age of globalization, the logistics and transportation industry has become an integral part of most businesses/firms as it is aimed at ensuring the effective movement of people, distribution of goods and services from one location to another on time. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the logistics and transportation sectors. The qualitative research approach was adopted using analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, data from news reports, organizational sites, and a case study of data contents. The paper presented the analysis of negative and positive effects of COVID-19 on the logistics and transportation industry. The study also discusses possible strategies and further steps for improvement of the logistics and transportation sector, including the automation and introduction of other technologies, a sustainable and flexible transportation system, cooperation of logistics and transportation business. Findings regarding the positive implications of COVID-19 show noticeable advancements in the logistics and transportation sector, such as the rise of e-commerce businesses with efficient delivery options, and the development of 3rd party logistics services as more companies outsource supply chain operations. The study revealed the importance of strategic planning with a joint effort from the research centers, public sector, private sector, and educational institutions as one of the proposed solutions for the logistics and transportation industry.

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