scholarly journals Fort Lewis natural gas and fuel oil energy baseline and efficiency resource assessment

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Brodrick ◽  
K.K. Daellenbach ◽  
G.B. Parker ◽  
E.E. Richman ◽  
T.J. Secrest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Fuel Oil

scholarly journals Fort Lewis natural gas and fuel oil energy baseline and efficiency resource assessment

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Brodrick ◽  
K.K. Daellenbach ◽  
G.B. Parker ◽  
E.E. Richman ◽  
T.J. Secrest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Fuel Oil

scholarly journals Evaluation and re-understanding of the global natural gas hydrate resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
Xiong-Qi Pang ◽  
Zhuo-Heng Chen ◽  
Cheng-Zao Jia ◽  
En-Ze Wang ◽  
He-Sheng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Natural Gas Hydrate ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recoverable Resources

AbstractNatural gas hydrate (NGH) has been widely considered as an alternative to conventional oil and gas resources in the future energy resource supply since Trofimuk’s first resource assessment in 1973. At least 29 global estimates have been published from various studies so far, among which 24 estimates are greater than the total conventional gas resources. If drawn in chronological order, the 29 historical resource estimates show a clear downward trend, reflecting the changes in our perception with respect to its resource potential with increasing our knowledge on the NGH with time. A time series of the 29 estimates was used to establish a statistical model for predict the future trend. The model produces an expected resource value of 41.46 × 1012 m3 at the year of 2050. The statistical trend projected future gas hydrate resource is only about 10% of total natural gas resource in conventional reservoir, consistent with estimates of global technically recoverable resources (TRR) in gas hydrate from Monte Carlo technique based on volumetric and material balance approaches. Considering the technical challenges and high cost in commercial production and the lack of competitive advantages compared with rapid growing unconventional and renewable resources, only those on the very top of the gas hydrate resource pyramid will be added to future energy supply. It is unlikely that the NGH will be the major energy source in the future.

Semi–Empirical Predictions and Correlations of NOx Emissions From Utility Combustion Turbines

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Newburry ◽  
Arthur M. Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
Thermal Nox ◽  
Semi Empirical

Semi–empirical equations model the dominant subprocesses involved in pollutant emissions by assigning specific times to the fuel evaporation, chemistry, and turbulent mixing. They then employ linear ratios of these times with model constants established by correlating data from combustors with different geometries, inlet conditions, fuels, and fuel injectors to make a priori predictions. In this work, thermal NOx emissions from two heavy–duty, dual fuel (natural gas and fuel oil #2) diffusion flame combustors designated A and B operating without inert injection are first predicted, and then correlated using three existing semi–empirical approaches termed the Lefebvre (AHL) model, the Rizk–Mongia (RM) model, and the characteristic time model (CTM). Heterogeneous effects were found to be significant, as fuel droplet evaporation times were required to align the natural gas and fuel oil data. Only the RM model and CTM were employed to study this phenomenon. The CTM achieved the best overall prediction and correlation, as the data from both combustors fell within one standard deviation of the predicted line. The AHL and RM models were not able to account for the geometries of the two combustors. For Combustor A the CTM parameter correlated the data in a highly linear manner, as expected, but for Combustor B there was significant curvature. Using the CTM this was shown to be a residence time effect.

Consumption of combustible minerals in the context of the targets of sustainable development of Ukraine and global environment changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3-4 (185-186) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Myroslav Podolskyy ◽  
Dmytro Bryk ◽  
Lesia Kulchytska-Zhyhailo ◽  
Oleh Gvozdevych
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union

An analysis of Ukraine’s sustainable development targets, in particular in the field of energy, resource management and environmental protection, are presented. It is shown that regional energetic is a determining factor for achieving the aims of sustainable development. Changes in the natural environment in Ukraine due to external (global) and internal (local) factors that are intertwined and overlapped can cause threats to socio-economic development. It is proved that in the areas of mining and industrial activity a multiple increase in emissions of pollutants into the environment are observed. The comparison confirmed the overall compliance of the structure of consumption of primary energy resources (solid fossil fuels, natural gas, nuclear fuel, oil and petroleum products, renewable energy sources) in Ukraine and in the European Union, shows a steaby trend to reduce the share of solid fuels and natural gas and increasing the shares of energy from renewable sources. For example, in Ukraine the shares in the production and cost of electricity in 2018 was: the nuclear power plants – 54.33 % and in the cost – 26.60 %, the thermal power – 35.95 and 59.52 %, the renewable energy sources – 9.6 and 13.88 %. The energy component must be given priority, as it is crucial for achieving of all other goals of sustainable development and harmonization of socio-economic progress. The paper systematizes the indicators of regional energy efficiency and proposes a dynamic model for the transition to sustainable energy development of the region.

New methods of using natural gas and fuel oil in open-hearth furnaces

Metallurgist ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 472-475
Author(s):  
N. I. Kokarev ◽  
P. P. Semenenko ◽  
B. I. Kitaev ◽  
N. G. Kamkin ◽  
G. V. Voronov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Open Hearth ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
New Methods

The decoupling states of CO2 emissions in the Chinese transport sector from 1994 to 2012: A perspective on fuel types

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayong Wu ◽  
Changwei Yuan ◽  
Hongchao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Negative State ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

This paper analyzes the decoupling states between CO2 emissions and transport development in China from 1994 to 2012. The results indicate that, at the aggregate level, the Chinese transport sector is far from reaching the decoupling state. Negative decoupling or non-decoupling years account for 72.2% of the study period. At the disaggregated level, the decoupling states between CO2 emissions and eight primary fuels are as follows: raw coal and coke are in the absolute decoupling state; crude oil, gasoline and diesel are in the weak negative state; and the other three types (kerosene, heavy fuel oil, and natural gas) are in the strong negative decoupling state. Policy implications underneath the identified decoupling states are also revealed to help China build a more sustainable transportation system.

Enhancing Gas Turbine Operation With Heavy Fuel Oil

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Muralidharan ◽  
Matthieu Vierling
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydro Power

Power generation in south Asia has witnessed a steep fall due to the shortage of natural gas supplies for power plants and poor water storage in reservoirs for low hydro power generation. Due to the current economic scenario, there is worldwide pressure to secure and make more gas and oil available to support global power needs. With constrained fuel sources and increasing environmental focus, the quest for higher efficiency would be imminent. Natural gas combined cycle plants operate at a very high efficiency, increasing the demand for gas. At the same time, countries may continue to look for alternate fuels such as coal and liquid fuels, including crude and residual oil, to increase energy stability and security. In over the past few decades, the technology for refining crude oil has gone through a significant transformation. With the advanced refining process, there are additional lighter distillates produced from crude that could significantly change the quality of residual oil used for producing heavy fuel. Using poor quality residual fuel in a gas turbine to generate power could have many challenges with regards to availability and efficiency of a gas turbine. The fuel needs to be treated prior to combustion and needs a frequent turbine cleaning to recover the lost performance due to fouling. This paper will discuss GE’s recently developed gas turbine features, including automatic water wash, smart cooldown and model based control (MBC) firing temperature control. These features could significantly increase availability and improve the average performance of heavy fuel oil (HFO). The duration of the gas turbine offline water wash sequence and the rate of output degradation due to fouling can be considerably reduced.

Minimizing fuel and environmental costs for a variable-load power plant (co-)firing fuel oil and natural gas

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kaewboonsong ◽  
V.I. Kuprianov ◽  
N. Chovichien
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Load Power ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

scholarly journals Data analysis of the flue gas emissions in the thermal-power plant firing fuel oil and natural gas

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Nakomcic-Smaragdakis ◽  
Z. Cepic ◽  
M. Cepic ◽  
T. Stajic
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas
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