Electrochemical Detectors in Liquid Chromatography: Recent Trends in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (33) ◽  
pp. 4050-4065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Kauffmann ◽  
Nurgul K. Bakirhan ◽  
Burcin Bozal-Palabiyik ◽  
Bengi Uslu ◽  
Rocio Rodriguez Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Biomedical Analysis ◽  
Optical Detectors ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Pharmacologically Active Compounds ◽  
Detector Design

Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to an electrochemical (EC) detector is a complementary analytical tool compared to LC coupled with optical or mass spectrometry detectors (LC-MS). LC-EC can be applied to the determination of molecules difficult to be analyzed by other commercially available detectors. New EC detector design and new working electrode material have extended the scope of application in the field of pharmaceutical compounds analysis. Combining EC with LC-MS offers additional advantages compared to optical detectors in terms of drug stability and drug metabolism mimicry studies. Selected literature devoted to pharmacologically active compounds in their dosage forms, herbal drugs in natural products, drug residues in feed and/or in biological samples are reported in this review.

scholarly journals FRET-Protease-Coupled Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase Assay

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 701-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Caporale ◽  
Fabiola Mascanzoni ◽  
Biancamaria Farina ◽  
Mattia Sturlese ◽  
Gianluigi Di Sorbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cyclophilin A ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Isomerase Activity ◽  
Shape Complementarity ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Pharmacologically Active Compounds ◽  
Micromolar Range

In this work, a sensitive and convenient protease-based fluorimetric high-throughput screening (HTS) assay for determining peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity was developed. The assay was based on a new intramolecularly quenched substrate, whose fluorescence and structural properties were examined together with kinetic constants and the effects of solvents on its isomerization process. Pilot screens performed using the Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC) and cyclophilin A (CypA), as isomerase model enzyme, indicated that the assay was robust for HTS, and that comparable results were obtained with a CypA inhibitor tested both manually and automatically. Moreover, a new compound that inhibits CypA activity with an IC50 in the low micromolar range was identified. Molecular docking studies revealed that the molecule shows a notable shape complementarity with the catalytic pocket confirming the experimental observations. Due to its simplicity and precision in the determination of extent of inhibition and reaction rates required for kinetic analysis, this assay offers many advantages over other commonly used assays.

Simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its principal metabolites by liquid chromatography on silica gel, with aqueous eluent.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kushida ◽  
K Oka ◽  
T Suganuma ◽  
T Ishizaki
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Organic Amines

Abstract We describe the simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its pharmacologically active metabolites, monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide, in plasma by "high-performance" liquid-chromatography. By use of a bare ( unbonded ) silica gel with aqueous eluents, separations of organic amines such as lidocaine and its metabolites, which are very difficult and have a poor peak symmetry on bonded reversed-phase packings, were easily accomplished with a good peak symmetry. The method is sufficiently precise, sensitive, and specific. Analytical recoveries of all compounds were greater than 90%; CVs for reproducibility were less than 5% for all compounds; the lower detection limits were 0.1 mg/L or less. This method can be used to monitor the concentrations of these compounds in plasma and to prevent the concentration-related side-effect(s).

Methods for monitoring of pesticide residues in water: current status and recent trends

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Vasiljević ◽  
Nikolina Dujaković ◽  
Marina Radišić ◽  
Svetlana Grujić ◽  
Mila Laušević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Environmental Waters ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Recent Trends

An overview of analytical methods currently used for the determination of pesticide residues in water samples is presented. As liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, coupled to mass spectrometry, are considered to be the most appropriate techniques for determination of pesticides in environmental waters, the most recent developments and applications in this field are discussed, as well as the extraction procedures employed for analyte isolation and preconcentration.

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