Physiology of Intraluminal Administration of Carbon Dioxide as a Contrast Medium

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (44) ◽  
pp. 4656-4661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Patelis ◽  
Mikes Doulaptsis ◽  
Stylianos Kykalos ◽  
Eleftherios Spartalis ◽  
Anastasios Maskanakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Background: Carbon dioxide (CO2) exists in nature around us. In the middle of the 20th century, the intraluminal injection of CO2 demonstrated similar results to those of Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) with an iodinated contrast agent (ICA). Since then, the technology behind CO2 DSA has developed significantly. Objective: The aim of this study is to inform physicians about the unique properties of CO2 and its physiology after intraluminal injection. Methods: An extensive search for English literature on the properties of CO2 and the physiology of intraluminal administration was conducted using Pubmed. Results: There is sufficient literature on the properties of CO2 and the physiology of CO2 DSA. A review of this literature explains what happens to the human organism after the injection of CO2. Conclusions: There is enough evidence that CO2 DSA is both effective, diagnostic and safe, but the properties of CO2 should be taken under consideration as complications occur, although rarely.

Introducing a Cost-Effective Radiopaque Scale Design for Intra-Operative Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopam Dey ◽  
Giancarlo Beukes ◽  
Gokul Nair ◽  
Sudesh Sivarasu
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽  
Scale Design ◽  
Contrast Image

Abstract Radiopaque scales have numerous uses in the field of surgery, especially orthopaedic surgery. Scales of this nature can be used to guide surgeons by taking intra-operative measurements, pinpoint insertion points on bones and detect locations of deformations and tumours inside the body. Despite this, these scales are not used widely enough because of its high cost and that there are no widely acceptable ways of developing them from off the shelf materials. This paper details the method of inventing a novel low-cost radiopaque scale using off the shelf materials such as Barium Sulfate and Iodinated Contrast Agent (ICA). The radiopaque scale was manufactured using Perspex® and was filled with the contrast agents. The scales were then scanned using low-dose X-ray machines. The scale filled with Barium was found to be provide a better contrast image suggesting that the Barium to be a better high-contrast agent when compared to iodine and is recommended for use.

Application of BOLD MRI and DTI for the evaluation of renal effect related to viscosity of iodinated contrast agent in a rat model

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1320-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Ke Ren ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Wen-ge Sun ◽  
Jia-huan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Renal Effect ◽  
Bold Mri ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent

CE-Iohexol: A Nephroprotective Iodinated Contrast Agent With Cardioprotective Properties - A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. S32-S33
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. Rowe ◽  
Vernon Rowe ◽  
John A. Hunter ◽  
Michael R. Gralinski ◽  
Liomar A. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent

scholarly journals The comparison of bolus tracking and test bolus techniques for computed tomography thoracic angiography in healthy beagles

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette Cassel ◽  
Ann Carstens ◽  
Pieter Becker
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Test Dose ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Bolus Tracking ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽  
Test Bolus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Computed Tomography Dose Index

Computed tomography thoracic angiography studies were performed on five adult beagles using the bolus tracking (BT) technique and the test bolus (TB) technique, which were performed at least two weeks apart. For the BT technique, 2 mL/kg of 300 mgI/mL iodinated contrast agent was injected intravenously. Scans were initiated when the contrast in the aorta reached 150 Hounsfield units (HU). For the TB technique, the dogs received a test dose of 15% of 2 mL/kg of 300 mgI/mL iodinated contrast agent, followed by a series of low dose sequential scans. The full dose of the contrast agent was then administered and the scans were conducted at optimal times as identified from time attenuation curves. Mean attenuation in HU was measured in the aorta (Ao) and right caudal pulmonary artery (rCPA). Additional observations included the study duration, milliAmpere (mA), computed tomography dose index volume (CTDI[vol]) and dose length product (DLP). The attenuation in the Ao (BT = 660 52 HU ± 138 49 HU, TB = 469 82 HU ± 199 52 HU, p = 0.13) and in the rCPA (BT = 606 34 HU ± 143 37 HU, TB = 413 72 HU ± 174.99 HU, p = 0.28) did not differ significantly between the two techniques. The BT technique was conducted in a significantly shorter time period than the TB technique (p = 0.03). The mean mA for the BT technique was significantly lower than the TB technique (p = 0.03), as was the mean CTDI(vol) (p = 0.001). The mean DLP did not differ significantly between the two techniques (p = 0.17). No preference was given to either technique when evaluating the Ao or rCPA but the BT technique was shown to be shorter in duration and resulted in less DLP than the TB technique.

scholarly journals Effect of mechanical convection on the partitioning of an anionic iodinated contrast agent in intact patellar cartilage

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1333-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Entezari ◽  
Prashant N. Bansal ◽  
Rachel C. Stewart ◽  
Benjamin A. Lakin ◽  
Mark W. Grinstaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Patellar Cartilage ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent
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