Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Antithrombogenic Plants: A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane C. Mendes ◽  
Francislaine Aparecida dos Reis Lívero ◽  
Priscila de Souza ◽  
Karimi S. Gebara ◽  
Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Deep Vein

Heart attack, stroke, and deep vein thrombosis are among the conditions that alter blood coagulation and are modulated by antithrombogenic drugs. Natural products are an important source of antithrombogenic agents and have been considered remarkable alternatives with greater efficacy and usually with fewer side effects. However, the efficacy and toxicity of many of these plants that are used in traditional medicine must be scientifically tested. Despite a large number of published articles that report that plants or plant-derived components may act as antithrombogenic agents, few studies have investigated the mechanism of action of medicinal plants. This review presents the current knowledge about the major cellular and molecular mechanisms of antithrombogenic plants and their main components. Many well-established mechanisms (e.g., platelet aggregation, coagulation factors, and thrombolysis) are related to the antithrombogenic activity of many natural products. However, the central pathways that are responsible for their activity remain unclear. Further studies are needed to clarify the central role of each of these pathways in the pleiotropic response to these agents.

Post-thrombotic syndrome after deep vein thrombosis: The role of follow-up Doppler ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 251-252
Author(s):  
Francisco Galeano-Valle ◽  
Jorge del-Toro-Cervera ◽  
Pablo Demelo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Deep Vein

scholarly journals ROLE OF COLOUR DOPPLER IN EVALUATION OF ACUTE DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS OF LOWER LIMB

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 512-516
Author(s):  
Vijay Bahadur Singh ◽  
Punya Pratap Singh ◽  
Rajesh Malik ◽  
Lovely Kaushal ◽  
Vijay Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Role of D-Dimer Assay in Diagnosis of Deep Vein Thrombosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
M.G. Vashist ◽  
S. Deswal ◽  
M. Verma ◽  
S. Kharb
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
D Dimer

scholarly journals Clot retraction facilitates clot lysis

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Carroll ◽  
JM Gerrard ◽  
JM Gilliam
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Cytochalasin B ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Clot Retraction ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Platelet Poor Plasma ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Abstract Platelet facilitation of clot lysis was studied using the dilute clot lysis assay, a standardized assay for fibrinolysis shown to correlate with the development of postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Clots prepared from dilute platelet poor plasma showed prolonged clot lysis when compared with clots prepared in a similar fashion from dilute platelet rich plasma. Since in the presence of platelets clot retraction or contraction occurred, we evaluated a possible direct contribution of retraction to clot lysis. Dilute platelet poor plasma clots were compacted by centrifugation, to a similar extent as that achieved during clot retraction in dilute platelet rich plasma. These clots now lysed at a rate that approached that seen with dilute platelet rich plasma clots. Using an alternate alternate approach, dilute platelet rich plasma clots were treated with cytochalasin B to prevent clot retraction. Such clots now showed prolonged lysis similar to that seen with dilute platelet poor plasma. The prolonged lysis of cytochalasin B treated dilute platelet rich plasma clots was corrected by artificial compaction of the clots. The results suggest that clot retraction markedly facilitates clot lysis, and shows that a major role of platelets to facilitate clot lysis is the effect of these cells to cause clot retraction.

Treatment Of Venous Thromboembolism - Case For Thrombolytic Therapy

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
V V Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Thrombolytic Therapy ◽  
Massive Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Thrombus Removal ◽  
Deep Vein

Thrombolytic therapy has a unique advantage in the treatment of patients suffering from thrombotic disease, since it is capable of inducing the dissolution of intravascular fibrin and thus causing the reduction or elimination of thrombi. The rapidity of thrombus removal distinguishes this form of treatment from anticoagulant therapy, in which normal physiological processes are allowed to restore the obstructed circulation. By quickly removing the obstruction, it should be possible to reduce the mortality arising from acute thromboembolic episodes.The results of therapy for deep-vein thrombosis have been fairly uniform. The published studies can be broadly classified into two main groups; in uncontrolled trials, partial or complete lysis of thrombi was obtained in approximately 65-80% of the patients who received streptokinase, while only 10-25% of the patients receiving heparin showed this change.In patients suffering from acute major or massive pulmonary embolism, a number of trials have demonstrated a more rapid resolution of the embolus than would be expected by treatment with heparin alone.The role of lytic therapy in preventing the late sequelae of deep vein thrombosis at present remains uncertian. Studies involving large numbers of patients and longer periods of follow-up are required to determine the extent to which post phlebitic venous insufficiency is reduced by early thrombolytic therapy.

The Role of Stanozolol in the Treatment of the Postphlebitic Syndrome

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S81-S83 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Postphlebitic Syndrome ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Blind Crossover Study ◽  
Double Blind Crossover Study

The postphlebitic syndrome is a result of previous deep vein thrombosis and presents with oedema, pain, induration, pigmentation and ulceration. Extravascular deposition of fibrin is associated with reduced fibrinolytic activity in these patients. In a double-blind crossover study there was evidence of benefit from stanozolol which enhanced fibrinolytic activity. No side effects of any consequence were noted with a dosage of 5 mg twice per day.

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