Exciting Potential of Nanoparticlized Lipidic System for Effective Treatment of Breast Cancer and Clinical Updates: A Translational Prospective

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1191-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit K. Harwansh ◽  
Shiv Bahadur ◽  
Rohitas Deshmukh ◽  
Md. A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Traditional Drug ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Exciting Potential ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Deadly Disease ◽  
Targeted Approach ◽  
Major Health Issue

: Breast cancer (BC) is a multifactorial disease and becoming a major health issue in women throughout the globe. BC is a malignant type of cancer which results from transcriptional changes in proteins and genes. Besides the availability of modern medicines and detection tools, BC has become a topmost deadly disease and its cure still remains challenging. Nanotechnology based approaches are being employed for the diagnosis and treatment of BC at clinical stages. Nanosystems have a significant role in the study of the interaction of malignant cells with their microenvironment through receptor-based targeted approach. Nowadays, lipid-based nanocarriers are being popularized in the domain of pharmaceutical and medical biology for cancer therapy. Lipidic nanoparticlized systems (LNPs) have proven to have high loading efficiency, less toxicity, improved therapeutic efficacy, enhanced bioavailability and stability of the bioactive compounds compared to traditional drug delivery systems. In the present context, several LNPs based formulations have been undertaken in various phases of clinical trials in different countries. This review highlights the importance of chemotherapeutics based lipidic nanocarriers and their anticipated use for the treatment of BC. Furthermore, the clinical trials and future prospective of LNPs have been widely elaborated.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer Metabolomics: From Analytical Platforms to Multivariate Data Analysis. A Review

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Silva ◽  
Rosa Perestrelo ◽  
Pedro Silva ◽  
Helena Tomás ◽  
José S. Câmara
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Disease Monitoring ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Analytical Platforms ◽  
Major Health Issue

Cancer is a major health issue worldwide for many years and has been increasing significantly. Among the different types of cancer, breast cancer (BC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women being a disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Nowadays, the available diagnostic tools have aided in the early detection of BC leading to the improvement of survival rates. However, better detection tools for diagnosis and disease monitoring are still required. In this sense, metabolomic NMR, LC-MS and GC-MS-based approaches have gained attention in this field constituting powerful tools for the identification of potential biomarkers in a variety of clinical fields. In this review we will present the current analytical platforms and their applications to identify metabolites with potential for BC biomarkers based on the main advantages and advances in metabolomics research. Additionally, chemometric methods used in metabolomics will be highlighted.

scholarly journals Inhibitors targeting CDK4/6, PARP and PI3K in breast cancer: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 175883591880850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Muhamad Nur Husna ◽  
Hern-Tze Tina Tan ◽  
Rohimah Mohamud ◽  
Anne Dyhl-Polk ◽  
Kah Keng Wong
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase

Breast cancer is the global leading cause of cancer-related death in women and it represents a major health burden worldwide. One of the promising breast cancer therapeutic avenues is through small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) which have undergone rapid progress with successful clinical trials. Recently, three emerging and vital groups of proteins are targeted by SMIs for breast cancer treatment, namely cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Several of these inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of breast cancer patients or progressed into late-stage clinical trials. Thus, modeling from these successful clinical trials, as well as their limitations, is pivotal for future development and trials of other inhibitors or therapeutic regimens targeting breast cancer patients. In this review, we discuss eight recently approved or novel SMIs against CDK4/6 (palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib), PARP (olaparib, veliparib and talazoparib), and PI3K (buparlisib and alpelisib). The mechanisms of action, series of clinical trials and limitations are described for each inhibitor.

scholarly journals Oncolytic Virotherapy Treatment of Breast Cancer: Barriers and Recent Advances

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1128
Author(s):  
Amy Kwan ◽  
Natalie Winder ◽  
Munitta Muthana
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Oncolytic Virotherapy ◽  
Immunogenic Cell Death ◽  
Tumour Type ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Direct Cell

Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) is an emerging class of immunotherapeutic drugs. Their mechanism of action is two-fold: direct cell lysis and unmasking of the cancer through immunogenic cell death, which allows the immune system to recognize and eradicate tumours. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is challenging to treat with immunotherapy modalities because it is classically an immunogenically “cold” tumour type. This provides an attractive niche for OV, given viruses have been shown to turn “cold” tumours “hot,” thereby opening a plethora of treatment opportunities. There has been a number of pre-clinical attempts to explore the use of OV in breast cancer; however, these have not led to any meaningful clinical trials. This review considers both the potential and the barriers to OV in breast cancer, namely, the limitations of monotherapy and the scope for combination therapy, improving viral delivery and challenges specific to the breast cancer population (e.g., tumour subtype, menopausal status, age).

Gait Disorder among Elderly People, Psychomotor Disadaptation Syndrome: Post-Fall Syndrome, Risk Factors and Follow-Up – A Cohort Study of 70 Patients

Gerontology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Maxence Meyer ◽  
Florentin Constancias ◽  
Thomas Vogel ◽  
Georges Kaltenbach ◽  
Elise Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
General Physician ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Mobility Assessment ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Major Health Issue

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Falls among older people are a major health issue and the first cause of accidental death after 75 years of age. Post-fall syndrome (PFS) is commonly known and yet poorly studied. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Identify risk factors for PFS and do a follow-up 1 year later. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We included all patients over 70 years of age hospitalized after suffering a fall in a case-control study, and then followed them in a cohort study. PFS was retained in case of functional mobility decline (transferring, walking) occurring following a fall in the absence of an acute neurological, orthopedic or rheumatic pathology directly responsible for the decline. The data initially collected were: clinical (anamnestic, emergency and departmental/ward evolution, medical history, lifestyle, treatments, clinical examination items); and imaging if the patient had been subjected to brain imaging in the last 3 years prior to inclusion. Regarding the follow-up at 1 year, we collected from the general physician the occurrence and the characteristics of new falls, functional mobility assessment, hospitalization and death. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Inclusion took place from March 29, 2016 to June 7, 2016 and follow-up until June 30, 2017. We included 70 patients. A total of 29 patients exhibited a PFS (41.4 %). Risk factors for PFS included age, walking disorder prior to the fall, the use of a walking aid prior to the fall, no unaccompanied outdoor walk in the week before the fall, visual impairment making close reading impossible, stiffness in ankle dorsiflexion, grip strength and the fear of falling. Among patients with PFS, 52.9% could still perform a transfer at 1 year and 64.7% could still walk against 80.7% and 85.2%, respectively, for patients without PFS. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The study showed the existence of body functions/structure impairments and activity limitations prior to the fall among patients exhibiting a PFS. This suggests the existence of a pre-fall syndrome, i.e., a psychomotor disadaptation syndrome existing prior to the fall. Among the 8 risk factors, fear of falling, vision impairment and muscle strength could be targeted for improvement. The diagnosis of PFS could be a marker of loss of functional mobility at 1 year.

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