Natural Bioactive Compounds As Adjuvant Therapy For Hepatitis C Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moema S. Santana ◽  
Rute Lopes ◽  
Isabela H. Peron ◽  
Carla R. Cruz ◽  
Ana M. M. Gaspar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Acute Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Cost Of Production

Background: Hepatitis C virus infection is a significant global health burden, which causes acute or chronic hepatitis. The acute hepatitis C is generally asymptomatic and progresses to cure, while persistent infection can progress to chronic liver disease and extrahepatic manifestations. Standard treatment is expensive, poorly tolerated, and has variable sustained virologic responses amongst the different viral genotypes. New therapies involve direct acting antivirals; however, it is also very expensive and may not be accessible for all patients worldwide. In order to provide a complementary approach to the already existing therapies, natural bioactive compounds are investigated as to their several biologic activities, such as direct antiviral properties against hepatitis C, and effects on mitigating chronic progression of the disease, which includes hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory activities; additionally, these compounds present advantages, as chemical diversity, low cost of production and milder or inexistent side effects. Objective: To present a broad perspective on hepatitis C infection, the chronic disease, and natural compounds with promising anti-HCV activity. Methods: This review consists of a systematic review study about the natural bioactive compounds as a potential therapy for hepatitis C infection. Results: The quest for natural products have yielded compounds with biologic activity, including viral replication inhibition in vitro, demonstrating antiviral activity against hepatitis C. Conclusion: One of the greatest advantages of using natural molecules from plant extracts is the low cost of production, not requiring chemical synthesis, which can lead to less expensive therapies available to low and middle-income countries.

Treatment of acute hepatitis C infection with interferon-alfa 2b monotherapy prevents development of chronic HCV infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A567-A567 ◽  
Author(s):  
E JAECKEL ◽  
M CORNBERG ◽  
T SANTANTONIO ◽  
J MAYER ◽  
H WEDEMEYER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Interferon Alfa ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Acute Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Long-lasting Imprint in the Soluble Inflammatory Milieu despite Early Treatment of Acute Symptomatic Hepatitis C

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvi Khera ◽  
Yanqin Du ◽  
Daniel Todt ◽  
Katja Deterding ◽  
Benedikt Strunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Acute Hcv ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Inflammatory Milieu

Abstract Background Treatment with direct acting antivirals (DAAs) in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection leads to partial restoration of soluble inflammatory mediators (SIMs). In contrast, we hypothesized that early DAA treatment of acute hepatitis C with DAAs may normalize most SIMs. Methods In this study, we made use of a unique cohort of acute symptomatic hepatitis C who cleared HCV with a 6-week course of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir. Plasma samples were used for proximity extension assay (PEA) measuring 92 proteins. Results Profound SIM alterations were observed in acute HCV patients, with marked upregulation of IL-6 and CXCL10 while certain mediators were down-regulated (e.g. MCP-4, IL-7). During treatment and follow-up, the majority of SIMs decreased but not all normalized (e.g. CDCP1, IL-18). Of note, SIMs that were down-regulated before DAA treatment remained suppressed while others that were initially unchanged, declined to lower values during treatment and follow-up (e.g.CD244). Conclusions Acute hepatitis C was associated with marked changes in the soluble inflammatory milieu as compared to both chronic hepatitis patients and healthy controls. Whereas early DAA treatment partly normalized this altered signature, long-lasting imprints of HCV remained. Thus, acute HCV-induced changes in the immune system may persist even after a short duration of viremia.

Acute hepatitis C infection in HIV-negative men who have sex with men

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. McFaul ◽  
A. Maghlaoui ◽  
M. Nzuruba ◽  
S. Farnworth ◽  
M. Foxton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative

scholarly journals Interferon (IFN)-α Activation of Human Blood Mononuclear Cells In Vitro and In Vivo for Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) Type 2 mRNA and Protein Expression: Possible Relationship of Induced NOS2 to the Anti–Hepatitis C Effects of IFN-α In Vivo

1997 ◽  
Vol 186 (9) ◽  
pp. 1495-1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala I. Sharara ◽  
Douglas J. Perkins ◽  
Mary A. Misukonis ◽  
Stanley U. Chan ◽  
Jason A. Dominitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
No Production ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase

Although researchers have noted high level activation of rodent mononuclear phagocytes for nitric oxide (NO) synthase type 2 (S2) expression and NO production with a variety of agents such as interferon (IFN) γ and endotoxin, it has been difficult to demonstrate activation of human mononuclear phagocytes. The purpose of this study was to determine if IFN-α serves as an activator in vitro and in vivo in humans. Treatment of normal monocytes or mononuclear cells in vitro with IFN-α caused a dose-dependent increase in monocyte NOS2 activity and NO production, and increased expression of NOS2 protein and mRNA expression. To determine if in vivo administration of IFN-α also modulated NOS2, we studied blood cells from patients with hepatitis C before and after IFN-α therapy. Untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection had levels of NOS activity and NOS2 antigen in freshly isolated mononuclear cells similar to those of healthy subjects, and they expressed minimal or no NOS2 mRNA. However, IFN-α treatment of patients with hepatitis C infection was associated with a significant elevation in mononuclear cell NOS activity, NOS2 antigen content, and NOS2 mRNA content. IFN-α–treated patients had significant decreases in levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and plasma hepatitis C mRNA. The degree of IFN-α–enhanced mononuclear cell NOS2 antigen content correlated significantly with the degree of reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Thus, IFN-α treatment of cells in vitro or administration of IFN-α to hepatitis C patients in vivo increases expression of mononuclear cell NOS2 mRNA expression, NOS activity, NOS2 antigen expression, and NO production. Since NO has been reported to have antiviral activity for a variety of viruses, we speculate that induced NO production may be related to the antiviral action(s) of IFN-α in hepatitis C infection.

scholarly journals Early treatment of acute hepatitis C infection is cost-effective in HIV-infected men-who-have-sex-with-men

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0210179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Popping ◽  
Sebastiaan J. Hullegie ◽  
Anne Boerekamps ◽  
Bart J. A. Rijnders ◽  
Robert J. de Knegt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Acute Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Serum Fibrosis Markers for the Diagnosis of Liver Disease Among People With Chronic Hepatitis C in Chennai, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier A. Cepeda ◽  
Sunil S. Solomon ◽  
Aylur K. Srikrishnan ◽  
Paneerselvam Nandagopal ◽  
Pachamuthu Balakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Severe Liver ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Abstract Background.  Access to hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment is limited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Noninvasive biomarkers, such as fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) and aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), are low-cost alternatives to staging liver disease and identifying treatment need in people with chronic HCV infection, but their accuracy has not been evaluated in LMICs. Methods.  We tested the accuracy of FIB-4 and APRI at validated cutoffs (FIB-4 <1.45, >3.25; APRI <0.5, >1.5) in predicting severe liver stiffness by elastography among 281 persons chronically infected with HCV. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression were used to identify markers of improved prediction and mortality, respectively. Results.  Sensitivity and specificity of FIB-4 and APRI for predicting severe stiffness were 62% and 87% and 61% and 83%, respectively. Fibrosis 4 and APRI were less accurate in excluding significant stiffness; however, performance of models significantly improved with γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and body mass index (BMI) (area under receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, .76–.87). Severe liver stiffness predicted via FIB-4 >3.25, APRI >1.5, and a modified FIB-4 that included GGT and BMI were significantly associated with increased mortality. Conclusions.  Fibrosis 4 and APRI may be useful in identifying individuals with severe stiffness who need treatment and continued monitoring in LMICs. Exclusion of significant stiffness may be improved by including GGT and BMI to FIB-4 models.

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