An insight into the role of Artificial Intelligence in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Kumar Verma ◽  
Manisha Pandey ◽  
Pooja Chawla ◽  
Hira Choudhury ◽  
Jayashree Mayuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Insight Into

Background: The complication of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has made the development of its therapeutic a challenging task. Even after decades of research, we have achieved no more than a few years of symptomatic relief. The inability to diagnose the disease early is the foremost hurdle behind its treatment. Several studies have aimed to identify potential biomarkers that can be detected in body fluids (CSF, blood, urine, etc) or assessed by neuroimaging (i.e., PET and MRI). However, the clinical implementation of these biomarkers is incomplete as they cannot be validated. Method: To overcome the limitation, the use of artificial intelligence along with technical tools has been extensively investigated for AD diagnosis. For developing a promising artificial intelligence strategy that can diagnose AD early, it is critical to supervise neuropsychological outcomes and imaging-based readouts with a proper clinical review. Conclusion: Profound knowledge, a large data pool, and detailed investigations are required for the successful implementation of this tool. This review will enlighten various aspects of early diagnosis of AD using artificial intelligence.

Mechanistic insight into the role of metformin in Alzheimer's disease

Life Sciences ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 120299
Author(s):  
Mehdi Sanati ◽  
Samaneh Aminyavari ◽  
Amir R. Afshari ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Role of the oral microbiota in the development of Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Natalia Gavrilova ◽  
◽  
Nikita Gladyshev ◽  
Anna Kotrova ◽  
Anastasiia Morozova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Practical Application

Dementia and, in particular, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), affects millions of people around the world and its prevalence is steadily rising annually. Some risk factors for AD, such as age, cannot be modified, while others could possibly be corrected. In recent years, many studies are tackling the problem of the oral and gut microbiota as a provoking factor for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases, but their relationship and specific pathophysiological mechanisms remain understudied. The microbiota of the oral cavity can be of particular importance due to the specificity of microorganisms and their localization, as well as the possibility of provoking neuroinflammation, which requires further study. This review covers the specific features of the oral microbiota, current views on the pathophysiological role of the oral microbiota in the development of AD, as well as the beneficial role of probiotics. The study of this issue can have an important practical application both for the early diagnosis of AD, and for its further treatment.

Navigating Alzheimer’s Disease via Chronic Stress: The Role of Glucocorticoids

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Sharma ◽  
Thakur Gurjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Physiological Status

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic intensifying incurable progressive disease leading to neurological deterioration manifested as impairment of memory and executive brain functioning affecting the physical ability like intellectual brilliance, common sense in patients. The recent therapeutic approach in Alzheimer's disease is only the symptomatic relief further emerging the need for therapeutic strategies to be targeted in managing the underlying silent killing progression of dreaded pathology. Therefore, the current research direction is focused on identifying the molecular mechanisms leading to the evolution of the understanding of the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease. The resultant saturation in the area of current targets (amyloid β, τ Protein, oxidative stress etc.) has led the scientific community to rethink of the mechanistic neurodegenerative pathways and reprogram the current research directions. Although, the role of stress has been recognized for many years and contributing to the development of cognitive impairment, the area of stress has got the much-needed impetus recently and is being recognized as a modifiable menace for AD. Stress is an unavoidable human experience that can be resolved and normalized but chronic activation of stress pathways unsettle the physiological status. Chronic stress mediated activation of neuroendocrine stimulation is generally linked to a high risk of developing AD. Chronic stress-driven physiological dysregulation and hypercortisolemia intermingle at the neuronal level and leads to functional (hypometabolism, excitotoxicity, inflammation) and anatomical remodeling of the brain architecture (senile plaques, τ tangles, hippocampal atrophy, retraction of spines) ending with severe cognitive deterioration. The present review is an effort to collect the most pertinent evidence that support chronic stress as a realistic and modifiable therapeutic earmark for AD and to advocate glucocorticoid receptors as therapeutic interventions.

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