scholarly journals Particle Disease: A Current Review of the Biological Mechanisms in Periprosthetic Osteolysis After Hip Arthroplasty

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhan Sukur ◽  
Yunus Emre Akman ◽  
Yusuf Ozturkmen ◽  
Fatih Kucukdurmaz
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Periprosthetic Osteolysis ◽  
Aseptic Prosthesis Loosening

Background:Inflammatory responses to wear debris cause osteolysis that leads to aseptic prosthesis loosening and hip arthroplasty failure. Although osteolysis is usually associated with aseptic loosening, it is rarely seen around stable implants. Aseptic implant loosening is a simple radiologic phenomenon, but a complex immunological process. Particulate debris produced by implants most commonly causes osteolysis, and this is called particle-associated periprosthetic osteolysis (PPO).Objective:The objective of this review is to outline the features of particle-associated periprosthetic osteolysis to allow the physician to recognise this condition and commence early treatment, thereby optimizing patient outcome.Methods:A thorough literature search was performed using available databases, including Pubmed, to cover important research published covering particle-associated PPO.Results:Although osteolysis causes bone resorption, clinical, animal, andin vitrostudies of particle bioreactivity suggest that particle-associated PPO represents the culmination of several biological reactions of many cell types, rather than being caused solely by the osteoclasts. The biological activity is highly dependent on the characteristics and quantity of the wear particles.Conclusion:Despite advances in total hip arthroplasty (THA), particle-associated PPO and aseptic loosening continue to be major factors that affect prosthetic joint longevity. Biomarkers could be exploited as easy and objective diagnostic and prognostic targets that would enable testing for osteolysis after THA. Further research is needed to identify new biomarkers in PPO. A comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms is crucial for developing new therapeutic interventions to reverse or suppress biological responses to wear particles.

STAT3/IL-6 dependent induction of inflammatory response in osteoblast and osteoclast formation in nanoscale wear particle-induced aseptic prosthesis loosening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhantao Deng ◽  
Ruiying Zhang ◽  
Mengyuan Li ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Guangtao Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Rankl Expression ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Aseptic Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Nanoscale Wear

Our study demonstrated wear particles, which are generated by the abrasion of implanted prostheses, could induced STAT3 activation in osteoblasts. And further, inflammatory responses and RANKL expression would activate osteoclasts and cause osteolysis.

scholarly journals The effect of strontium ranelate on titanium particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis regulated by WNT/β-catenin signaling in vivo and in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolun Wang ◽  
Haohui Guo ◽  
Tianxiang Geng ◽  
Kening Sun ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Periprosthetic Osteolysis ◽  
A Cell

Abstract Aseptic loosening following periprosthetic osteolysis is the primary complication that limits the lifetime of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The wear particles trigger a chronic inflammation response in the periprosthetic tissue and turn over the bone balance to bone resorption. The present study aimed to investigate the possible effect and mechanism of strontium ranelate (SR), a clinically safe drug for osteoporosis, on particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis. Thirty-six female C57BL/6j mice underwent tibial Ti-nail implantation to establish an animal model of aseptic loosening. After 12 weeks, micro-CT results showed that strontium ranelate could inhibit periprosthetic bone resorption. In vitro, Ti particles were used to stimulate RAW264.7 cell line to collect conditioned medium, and co-culture MC3T3-E1 cell line with conditioned medium to establish a cell model of aseptic loosening. The results of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry demonstrated that strontium ranelate could regulate the expression of OPG/RANKL, promote differentiation and mineralization, and inhibit apoptosis in osteoblasts. Moreover, we revealed that SR’s exerted its therapeutic effect by down-regulating sclerostin, thereby activating the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Therefore, this research suggests that strontium ranelate could be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of particle-induced aseptic loosening post-TJA.

SIRT1 protects osteoblasts against particle-induced inflammatory responses and apoptosis in aseptic prosthesis loosening

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 541-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhantao Deng ◽  
Zhenheng Wang ◽  
Jiewen Jin ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Nirong Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Aseptic Prosthesis Loosening

Health Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter—Biological Mechanisms and Inflammatory Responses to In Vitro and In Vivo Particle Exposures

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Ludwig Maier ◽  
Francesca Alessandrini ◽  
Ingrid Beck-Speier ◽  
Thomas Philipp Josef Hofer ◽  
Silvia Diabaté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ambient Particulate Matter ◽  
Biological Mechanisms

scholarly journals Enzymes and cytokines disease in total hip arthroplasty: promoters of immune loosening

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-484
Author(s):  
Victorino Pacheco-Martelo ◽  
Sebastián Roldán-Vasco
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Hip Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Arthroplasty Failure

Introducción. Una de las causas más importantes de falla de la prótesis de cadera lo constituye el fenómeno de aflojamiento, el cual se relaciona con la liberación de enzimas mediada por citocinas y produce la lisis del hueso que soporta el implante.Objetivo. Describir los mecanismos de interacción biológica de las moléculas promotoras del aflojamiento de la prótesis total de cadera que con mayor frecuencia están presentes en el proceso.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos originales y casos clínicos en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus, sin límite de fecha de publicación, utilizando los términos MeSH “hip prosthesis loosening”, “aseptic loosening”, “cytokines” y “hip arthroplasty failure”. La extracción de datos se hizo mediante la lectura de 250 estudios, de los cuales se seleccionaron 66 para fines de redacción.Resultados. Los autores describen las moléculas más representativas implicadas en el aflojamiento de la prótesis de cadera, además se presentan las interacciones entre ellas.Conclusiones. Enzimas y citocinas han sido ampliamente estudiadas por cuatro décadas, aunque sus mecanismos de interacción son poco conocidos. Los autores proponen un mecanismo de interacción, proceso que podría denominarse “enfermedad de las enzimas y citocinas” o “aflojamiento inmunológico”.

scholarly journals ZBTB20-mediated titanium particle-induced peri-implant osteolysis by promoting macrophage inflammatory responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3147-3163
Author(s):  
Junxiong Qiu ◽  
Peng Peng ◽  
Min Xin ◽  
Zhenkang Wen ◽  
Zhong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Titanium Particle ◽  
Artificial Joints

Aseptic loosening (AL) caused by wear particles released from implant surfaces is one of the main causes for the failure of artificial joints, which is initiated by macrophage inflammatory responses.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of SPECT/CT Arthrography in Patients With Suspected Aseptic Joint Prosthesis Loosening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Bao ◽  
Crystal Liu ◽  
Edward C.O Masson ◽  
Jonathan Abele
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Ct Arthrography ◽  
Radiologic Evaluation ◽  
Aseptic Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Hip And Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Operative Assessment

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of SPECT/CT arthrography in patients with suspected aseptic prosthesis loosening following hip and knee arthroplasty. Methods A retrospective review of 63 SPECT/CT arthrogram studies (36 knees and 27 hips) between February 1, 2013 and July 1, 2018 was conducted. All patients underwent clinical and radiologic evaluation as part of their assessment for persistent pain following hip and knee arthroplasty. The detection of tracer activity along the bone-prosthetic interface on SPECT/CT suggests aseptic loosening. Operative assessment as well as clinical/ radiologic follow-up at a minimum of one year were used as the reference standard. Results The sensitivity and specificity of SPECT/CT for detection of aseptic loosening was 6/7 (86%) and 55/56 (98%) respectively. This gives a positive predictive value (PPV) of 6/7 (86%), a negative predictive value (NPV) of 55/56 (98%), and a diagnostic accuracy of 61/63 (97%). Conclusion SPECT/CT arthrography has a high diagnostic accuracy (97%) in the evaluation of loosening of both hip and knee arthroplasties in patients with persistent post-procedural pain.

scholarly journals Exosomes from human urine-derived stem cells ameliorate particulate polyethylene-induced osteolysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Xiaolei Fan ◽  
Yinan Wang ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Haoyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Periprosthetic Osteolysis ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis is a common long-term complication of total joint arthroplasty, and represents the major cause of aseptic loosening and subsequent implant failure. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic options to prevent osteolysis from occurring and often need revision surgery. Exosomes are important nano-sized paracrine mediators of intercellular communications and can be directly utilized as therapeutic agents for tissue repair and regeneration. Here, we explored the therapeutic potential of exosomes from human urine-derived stem cells (USC-Exos) in preventing wear particle-induced osteolysis.Methods: USCs were characterized by flow cytometry and multiple differentiation potential. USC-Exos were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and western blotting (WB). The impact of USC-Exos on osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) and osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells were verified in vitro. The effects of USC-Exos on ultra high molecular weight PE (UHMWPE)-induced murine calvarial osteolysis model were tested to evaluate bone mass, inflammation, osteogenic and osteoclastic activities.Results: USCs were positive for CD44, CD73, CD29 and CD90, but negative for CD34 and CD45. USCs were able to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cells. USC-Exos exhibited a round-shaped morphology with a double-layered membrane structure and positive for CD63 and TSG101, negative for Calnexin. In vitro, USC-Exos could promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, reduces the production of proinflammatory factors in macrophages and suppresses their osteoclastic abilities. In vivo, injection of USC-Exos into the center of the calvariae caused less inflammatory cytokine generation and less osteolysis compared to control and significantly enhanced the bone formation.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that USC-Exos can prevent UHMWPE-induced osteolysis by inciting less inflammatory, inhibiting bone resorption and stimulating bone formation. USC-Exos may represent a potential natural agent for the treatment of periprosthetic osteolysis and to obtain therapeutic exosomes for osteolytic treatment, aseptic loosening patients may just need to collect a certain volume of their own urine to harvest USCs and USC-Exos.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy Of Spect/CT Arthrography In Patients With Suspected Aseptic Joint Prostheses Loosening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Bao ◽  
Crystal Sixian Liu ◽  
Edward C.O Masson ◽  
Jonathan Abele
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Ct Arthrography ◽  
Radiologic Evaluation ◽  
Aseptic Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
Hip And Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Joint Prostheses

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of SPECT/CT arthrography in patients with suspected aseptic prosthesis loosening following hip and knee arthroplasty. Methods A retrospective review of 63 SPECT/CT arthrogram studies (36 knees and 27 hips) between February 1, 2013 and July 1, 2018 was conducted. All patients underwent clinical and radiologic evaluation as part of their assessment for persistent pain following hip and knee arthroplasty. The detection of tracer activity along the bone-prosthetic interface on SPECT/CT suggests aseptic loosening. Operative assessment as well as clinical/ radiologic follow-up at a minimum of one year were used as the reference standard. Results The sensitivity and specificity of SPECT/CT for detection of aseptic loosening was 6/7 (86%) and 55/56 (98%) respectively. This gives a positive predictive value (PPV) of 6/7 (86%), a negative predictive value (NPV) of 55/56 (98%), and a diagnostic accuracy of 61/63 (97%). Conclusion SPECT/CT arthrography has a high diagnostic accuracy (97%) in the evaluation of loosening of both hip and knee arthroplasties in patients with persistent post-procedural pain.

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