Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics for Understanding Neurological Disorders: Current Status and Statistical Considerations

Abstract Neuroimaging, in particular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has been playing an important role in understanding brain functionalities and its disorders during the last couple of decades. These cutting-edge MRI scans, supported by high-performance computational tools and novel ML techniques, have opened up possibilities to unprecedentedly identify neurological disorders. However, similarities in disease phenotypes make it very difficult to detect such disorders accurately from the acquired neuroimaging data. This article critically examines and compares performances of the existing deep learning (DL)-based methods to detect neurological disorders—focusing on Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia—from MRI data acquired using different modalities including functional and structural MRI. The comparative performance analysis of various DL architectures across different disorders and imaging modalities suggests that the Convolutional Neural Network outperforms other methods in detecting neurological disorders. Towards the end, a number of current research challenges are indicated and some possible future research directions are provided.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Psoriatic Arthritis — Update on Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Report from the GRAPPA 2010 Annual Meeting

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.111235 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 408-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MIKKEL ØSTERGAARD ◽

RENÉ PANDURO POGGENBORG

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Annual Meeting ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Primary Driver ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for use in clinical practice and research has gained increasing interest over the last decade. International collaborative initiatives from GRAPPA (Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis) and/or OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology) may contribute to facilitating research, identifying appropriate areas for use, and reaching consensus on the optimal examination technique. Accordingly, GRAPPA, a primary driver of international research in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), has focused on the current use and future development of MRI and other modern imaging modalities in PsA. This review, presented at the GRAPPA 2010 annual meeting, describes the current status of MRI in PsA, with a focus on its use in diagnosis, monitoring, and prediction of the disease course and treatment response. Important areas for future research are also outlined.

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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction during therapy of neuroborreliosis

Praxis medica ◽

10.5937/pramed2002049k ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1-2) ◽

pp. 49-52

Author(s):

Snežana Knežević ◽

Jelena Vulović ◽

Marijana Jandrić-Kočić

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Lyme Disease ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Axonal Degeneration ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Symptomatic Therapy ◽

Respiratory Problems ◽

Memory Disorder ◽

Appropriate Care ◽

Disease Case

Introduction. Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction implies trembling, headache, temperature, rash, meningitis, respiratory problems, liver, kidney and heart dysfunction during antibiotic treatment of Lyme disease. Case outline. A 47-year-old patient in May 2016 had circular redness on the thigh, fatigue, myalgia, nausea and headache. Borrelia Burgdorferi IgM antibodies were positive. She took doxycycline 200 mg/day, four weeks. Western blot IgM and IgG were positive as well. Retreated with Azithromycin, 500 mg/day, three weeks. Next year, there was a sleep and memory disorder, fatigue, dizziness, right leg paresthesia and burning in the soles, muscle weakness, decreased sensitivity and right foot hyperreflexia. Electromyography showed axonal degeneration of the peroneus and the tibialis. Pleocytosis (5 leucocytes/mm³) and intrathecal IgG were found. Magnetic resonance of the head in order. Neuroborreliosis was diagnosed and treatment included ceftriaxone, 2 grams/day, three weeks. After the second dose, trembling, myalgia, headache, nausea, flushed nose, dizziness and nausea started. Temperature 37.8°C. No changes on the skin. The antibiotic was not interrupted, symptomatic therapy was administered, and after two days the symptoms stopped. Neurological disorders have not completely disappeared. Titre antibodies still present. Conclusion. Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction occurs in 7.0-30.0% of patients treated for Lyme disease. Causes are multifactorial. Spirochetes release toxins, hypersensitivity is present, phagocytes destroy agents, complements and cytokines are activated. It is often not recognized. Tremor, fever, myalgia and skin rashes are present before the antibiotic, and the worsening is attributed to the underlying disease or allergy. Doctors should expect it during the treatment of spirochete-related diseases and provide appropriate care.

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Myocardial Edema Imaging by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: Current Status and Future Potential

Current Cardiology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11886-011-0235-9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Iacopo Carbone ◽

Matthias G. Friedrich

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Myocardial Edema ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Potential ◽

Resonance Current

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Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Prostate: Current Status in Prostate Cancer Detection, Localization, and Staging

Seminars in Roentgenology ◽

10.1053/j.ro.2008.06.002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 303-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Katarzyna J. Macura

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Cancer Detection ◽

Current Status ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Prostate Cancer Detection ◽

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Multiphase Flowmeters: Current Status and Future Prospects

SPE Production & Operations ◽

10.2118/205351-pa ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Masoumeh Zargar ◽

Michael L. Johns ◽

Jana M. Aljindan ◽

Mohamed Nabil Noui-Mehidi ◽

Keelan T. O'Neill

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Current Status ◽

Process Industries ◽

Phase Velocities ◽

Individual Phase ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Complex Measurement ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

Summary Multiphase flowmetering is a requirement across a range of process industries, particularly those that pertain to oil and gas. Generally, both the composition and individual phase velocities are required; this results in a complex measurement task made more acute by the prevalence of turbulent flow and a variety of flow regimes. In the current review, the main technical options to meet this metrology are outlined and used to provide context for the main focus on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology for multiphase flowmetering. Relevant fundamentals of NMR are detailed as is their exploitation to quantify flow composition and individual phase velocities for multiphase flow. The review then proceeds to detail three NMR multiphase flowmeter (MPFM) apparatus and concludes with a consideration of future challenges and prospects for the technology.

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Updates in Magnetic Resonance Venous Imaging

Seminars in Interventional Radiology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1729152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (02) ◽

pp. 202-208

Author(s):

Pamela Lombardi ◽

James C. Carr ◽

Bradley D. Allen ◽

Robert R. Edelman

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

Current Status ◽

Venous Disease ◽

Mr Venography ◽

Imaging Parameters ◽

Noncontrast Mra ◽

Pelvic Congestion

AbstractFor years, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has been a leading imaging modality in the assessment of venous disease involving the pelvis and lower extremities. Current advancement in noncontrast MRA techniques enables imaging of a larger subset of patients previously excluded due to allergy or renal insufficiency, allowing for preintervention assessment and planning. In this article, the current status of MR venography, with a focus on current advancements, will be presented. Protocols and parameters for MR venographic imaging of the pelvis and lower extremities, including contrast and noncontrast enhanced techniques, will be reviewed based on a recent literature review of applied MR venographic techniques. Finally, several disease-specific entities, including pelvic congestion and compression syndromes, will be discussed with a focus on imaging parameters that may best characterize these disease processes and optimize anatomical planning prior to intervention.

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