Enhanced Auxiliary Cluster Head Selection Routing Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kumar Nigam ◽  
Chetna Dabas
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection

Background & Objective: Wireless sensor networks are made up of huge amount of less powered small sensor nodes that can audit the surroundings, collect meaningful data, and send it base station. Various energy management plans that pursue to lengthen the endurance of overall network has been proposed over the years, but energy conservation remains the major challenge as the sensor nodes have finite battery and low computational capabilities. Cluster based routing is the most fitting system to help for burden adjusting, adaptation to internal failure, and solid correspondence to draw out execution parameters of wireless sensor network. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy is an efficient clustering based hierarchical protocol that is used to enhance the lifetime of sensor nodes in wireless sensor network. It has some basic flaws that need to be overwhelmed in order to reduce the energy utilization and inflating the nodes lifetime. Methods : In this paper, an effective auxiliary cluster head selection is used to propose a new enhanced GC-LEACH algorithm in order to minimize the energy utilization and prolonged the lifespan of wireless sensor network. Results & Conclusion: Simulation is performed in NS-2 and the outcomes show that the GC-LEACH outperforms conventional LEACH and its existing versions in the context of frequent cluster head rotation in various rounds, number of data packets collected at base station, as well as reduces the energy consumption 14% - 19% and prolongs the system lifetime 8% - 15%.

scholarly journals Two Level Intrusion Detection Mechanism For Context and Trust in Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Trust Evaluation

21st century is considered as the era of communication, and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have assumed an extremely essential job in the correspondence period. A wireless sensor network is defined as a homogeneous or heterogeneous system contains a large number of sensors, namely called nodes used to monitor different environments in cooperatives. WSN is composed of sensor nodes (S.N.), base stations (B.S.), and cluster head (C.H.). The popularity of wireless sensor networks has been increased day by day exponentially because of its wide scope of utilizations. The applications of wireless sensor networks are air traffic control, healthcare systems, home services, military services, industrial & building automation, network communications, VAN, etc. Thus the wide range of applications attracts attackers. To secure from different types of attacks, mainly intruder, intrusion detection based on dynamic state context and hierarchical trust in WSNs (IDSHT) is proposed. The trust evaluation is carried out in hierarchical way. The trust of sensor nodes is evaluated by cluster head (C.H.), whereas the trust of the cluster head is evaluated by a neighbor cluster head or base station. Hence the content trust, honest trust, and interactive trust are put forward by combining direct evaluation and feedback based evaluation in the fixed hop range. In this way, the complexity of trust management is carried in a hierarchical manner, and trust evaluation overhead is minimized.

scholarly journals Hybridized Fuzzy Based Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Cognitive Internet of Things

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 7876-7881
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

Wireless sensor network explosive growth has increased demand for radio spectrum and has created problems with spectrum shortage since different wireless services and technologies have already been assigned the full range of wireless sensor networks. Cognitive radio has become a promising solution for resource-controlled wireless sensor network to access the reserved under-used frequency bands resourcefully. Artificial intelligence algorithms allow sensor nodes to avoid crowded congested bands by detecting under utilized licensed bands and to decide to adapt their transmission parameters. However, clusters are based on fixed spectrum distribution and cannot deal with the dynamic spectrum allocation required for future generation networks. Clusters are used to reduce power usage and support scalability of sensor networks. This article proposes an Hybridized Fuzzy Clustering (HFC), which groups adjacent nodes with comparable sets of idle channels and optimally forming power-efficient clusters based on three fuzzy energy parameters, proximity to the base station, and the level of the node to determine the possibility of each node being a cluster head.

Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop Routing Protocol With Optimized Grid-Based Clustering for Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
pp. 254-282
Author(s):  
Saloni Dhiman ◽  
Deepti Kakkar ◽  
Gurjot Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Grid Based

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of several sensor nodes (SNs) that are powered by battery, so their lifetime is limited, which ultimately affects the lifespan and hence performance of the overall networks. Till now many techniques have been developed to solve this problem of WSN. Clustering is among the effective technique used for increasing the network lifespan. In this chapter, analysis of multi-hop routing protocol based on grid clustering with different selection criteria is presented. For analysis, the network is divided into equal-sized grids where each grid corresponds to a cluster and is assigned with a grid head (GH) responsible for collecting data from each SN belonging to respective grid and transferring it to the base station (BS) using multi-hop routing. The performance of the network has been analyzed for different position of BS, different number of grids, and different number of SNs.

Presenting the Hybrid Algorithm of Honeybee - Harmony in Clustering and Routing of Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-371
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sedighimanesh ◽  
Hesam Zandhesami ◽  
Ali Sedighimanesh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor

Background: Wireless sensor networks are considered as one of the 21st century's most important technologies. Sensors in wireless sensor networks usually have limited and sometimes non-rechargeable batteries, which they are supposed to be preserved for months or even years. That's why the energy consumption in these networks is of a great importance. Objective: One way to improve energy consumption in a wireless sensor network is to use clustering. In clustered networks, one node is known as the cluster head and other nodes as normal members, which normal nodes send the collected data to the cluster head, and the cluster head sends the information to the base station either by a single step or by multiple steps. Method: Using clustering simplifies resource management and increases scalability, reliability, and the network lifetime. Although the cluster formation involves a time- overhead and how to choose the cluster head is another problem, but its advantages are more than its disadvantages. : The primary aim of this study is to offer a solution to reduce energy consumption in the sensor network. In this study, during the selection of cluster heads, Honeybee Algorithm is used and also for routing, Harmonic Search Algorithm is used. In this paper, the simulation is performed by using MATLAB software and the proposed method is compared with the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and the multi-objective fuzzy clustering algorithm (MOFCA). Result and Conclusion: By simulations of this study, we conclude that this research has remarkably increased the network lifetime with respect to EECS, LEACH, and MOFCA algorithms. In view of the energy constraints of the wireless sensor network and the non-rechargeable batteries in most cases, providing such solutions and using metaheuristic algorithms can result in a significant reduction in energy consumption and, consequently, increase in the network lifetime.

Clustering Algorithm to Reduce Power Consumptions for Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 5228-5232
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ahmadi ◽  
Hamid Faraji ◽  
Hossien Zohrevand
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Cluster Heads

A sensor network has many sensor nodes with limited energy. One of the important issues in these networks is the increase of the life time of the network. In this article, a clustering algorithm is introduced for wireless sensor networks that considering the parameters of distance and remaining energy of each node in the process of cluster head selection. The introduced algorithm is able to reduce the amount of consumed energy in the network. In this algorithm, the nodes that have more energy and less distance from the base station more probably will become cluster heads. Also, we use algorithm for finding the shortest path between cluster heads and base station. The results of simulation with the help of Matlab software show that the proposed algorithm increase the life time of the network compared with LEACH algorithm.

scholarly journals Technical Aspects of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (0203) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Suneela Kallakunta ◽  
Alluri Sreenivas
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Sensor Devices ◽  
Military Applications

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a new kind of wireless networks that are becoming very popular with a large number of civilian and military applications. A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network that contains distributed independent sensor devices that are meant to monitor physical or environmental conditions. AWireless Sensor Network consists of a set of connected tiny sensor nodes, which communicate with each other we can also interchange information and data. These nodes obtain information on the environment such as temperature, pressure, or humidity and this information is stored in a base station. The latter sends the info to a wired network or activates an alarm or an action, depending on the type of data being monitored.

scholarly journals EE-LEACH: Energy Enhancement in LEACH to Improve Network Life Time of Homogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-224
Author(s):  
Anshu Kumar Dwivedi DUBEY
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Matlab Programming

Purpose ”“ In the recent scenario, there are various issues related to wireless sensor networks such as clustering, routing, packet loss, network strength. The core functionality of primarily wireless sensor networks is sensor nodes that are randomly scattered over a specific area. The sensor senses the data and sends it to the base station. Energy consumption is an important issue in wireless sensor networks. Clustering and cluster head selection is an important method used to extend the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. The main goal of this research article is to reduce energy consumption using a clustering process such as CH determination, cluster formation, and data dissemination.   Methodology/approach/design ”“ The simulation in this paper was finished utilizing MATLAB programming methodology and the proposed technique is contrasted with the LEACH and MOD-LEACH protocols.   Findings ”“ The simulation results of this research show that the energy consumption and dead node ratio are improved of wireless sensor networks as compared to the LEACH and MOD-LEACH algorithms.   Originality/value ”“ In the wireless sensor network there are various constraints energy is one of them. In order to solve this problem use CH selection algorithms to reduce energy consumption and consequently increase network lifetime.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Receiver Signal Strength Indicator Based Clustered Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2590-2593
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Head Node

Robust and efficient algorithms for routing and other process for a wireless sensor network are under active development due to technological advancements on wireless transmission systems. Each of the sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network either transmits or forwards the data packets to the base station. The main objective of the majority of the work in the literature is to save the energy consumption efficiently. The cluster based routing mechanism helps to achieve low energy consumption within the network. The network organizes its nodes as a cluster and selects a particular node as cluster head to manage the transmission within and between clusters. The majority of the clustering approach selects the cluster head using a thresholding based approach. Nodes having energy level higher than the threshold are the candidates for the cluster head selection. In the proposed approach the nodes remaining energy and the sum of distance between individual nodes to the cluster head node is considered. Optimal cluster head selection will help to increase the overall life time of the network. The distance between the sensor nodes is estimated using RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) and other parameters measured from the physical layer. Experiments are conducted with simulation environment created with the NS-2 simulator and efficiency of the approach is analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals Challenges in Sinkhole Attack Detection in Wireless Sensor Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dr. Akhilesh A. Waoo ◽  
◽  
Mr. Virendra Tiwari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sink Node ◽  
Limited Energy

Wireless sensor networks (WSN’s) comprise limited energy small sensor nodes having the ability to monitor the physical conditions and communicate information among the various nodes without requiring any physical medium. Over the last few years, with the rapid advancements in information technology, there has been an increasing interest of various organizations in making the use of wireless sensor networks (WSN’s). The sensor nodes in WSN having limited energy detects an event, collect data and forward this collected data to the base node, called sink node, for further processing and assessment. Few attributes of WSN’s like the energy consumption and lifetime can be impacted by the design and placement of the Sink node. Despite various useful characteristics WSN’s is being considered vulnerable and unprotected. There is a large class of various security attacks that may affect the performance of the system among which sinkhole an adversary attack puts dreadful threats to the security of such networks. Out of various attacks, a sinkhole attack is one of the detrimental types of attacks that brings a compromised node or fabricated node in the network which keeps trying to lures network traffic by advertising its wrong and fake routing update. Sinkhole attacks may have some other serious harmful impacts to exploit the network by launching few other attacks. Some of these attacks are forwarding attacks, selective acknowledge spoofing attacks, and they may drop or modify routing information too. It can also be used to send fake or false information to the base station. This study is analyzing the challenges with sinkhole attacks and exploring the existing available solutions by surveying comparatively which used to detect and mitigate sinkhole attacks in the wireless sensor network.

scholarly journals Challenges in Sinkhole Attack Detection in Wireless Sensor Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dr. Akhilesh A. Waoo ◽  
◽  
Mr. Virendra Tiwari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sink Node ◽  
Limited Energy

Wireless sensor networks (WSN’s) comprise limited energy small sensor nodes having the ability to monitor the physical conditions and communicate information among the various nodes without requiring any physical medium. Over the last few years, with the rapid advancements in information technology, there has been an increasing interest of various organizations in making the use of wireless sensor networks (WSN’s). The sensor nodes in WSN having limited energy detects an event, collect data and forward this collected data to the base node, called sink node, for further processing and assessment. Few attributes of WSN’s like the energy consumption and lifetime can be impacted by the design and placement of the Sink node. Despite various useful characteristics WSN’s is being considered vulnerable and unprotected. There is a large class of various security attacks that may affect the performance of the system among which sinkhole an adversary attack puts dreadful threats to the security of such networks. Out of various attacks, a sinkhole attack is one of the detrimental types of attacks that brings a compromised node or fabricated node in the network which keeps trying to lures network traffic by advertising its wrong and fake routing update. Sinkhole attacks may have some other serious harmful impacts to exploit the network by launching few other attacks. Some of these attacks are forwarding attacks, selective acknowledge spoofing attacks, and they may drop or modify routing information too. It can also be used to send fake or false information to the base station. This study is analyzing the challenges with sinkhole attacks and exploring the existing available solutions by surveying comparatively which used to detect and mitigate sinkhole attacks in the wireless sensor network.

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