Antibiotic Resistance Trends of Escherichia coli in Sewage Treatment Plant Raw Influent, Primary Effluent, Secondary Effluent, and Final Effluent

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (11) ◽  
pp. 7072-7079
Author(s):  
Jamie R. Lefkowitz ◽  
Metin Duran
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Final Effluent

Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate Metabolites in Canadian Sewage Treatment Plant Waste Streams

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.T. Bennie ◽  
C.A. Sullivan ◽  
H.-B. Lee ◽  
R.J. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Priority Substances ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylate ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract Nonylphenol polyethoxylates and their refractory metabolites, including nonylphenol, are on the second Priority Substances List (PSL2) to determine if they are "toxic" as defined under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. This study addresses the need for data on their occurrence in raw sewage, final effluents and sludge in Canada. Samples of raw sewage, final effluent and sludge were collected from 16 wastewater treatment plants across Canada in 1995 and 1996. These samples were analyzed for 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP1EO), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) and 4-4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP). Measurable quantities of these chemicals were found in almost all raw sewage and sludge samples. In the raw sewage, concentrations ranged from <0.005 to 21 μg/L for 4-t-OP, from 0.69 to 155 μg/L for 4-NP, from 2.9 to 43 μg/L for NP1EO and from 0.26 to 24 μg/L for NP2EO. Sludge concentrations (based on dry weight) ranged from <0.010 to 20 μg/g, from 8.4 to 850 μg/g, from 3.9 to 437 μg/g and from 1.5 to 297 μg/g for 4-t-OP, 4-NP, NP1EO and NP2EO, respectively. Of the final effluent samples, 60% contained detectable amounts of 4-t-OP and concentrations ranged from <0.005 to 0.37 μg/L. Almost all of the final effluent samples had detectable levels of 4-NP, NP1EO and NP2EO. The 4-NP concentrations varied from <0.020 to 13 μg/L, NP1EO was found in the range of 0.072 to 26 μg/L and NP2EO was found in the range of 0.099 to 21 μg/L.

Two-dimensional electrophoresis method used for determination of plasmid profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from a sewage treatment plant

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 990-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arturo ◽  
Z. Tamanai-Shacoori ◽  
C. Mamez ◽  
M. Pommepuy ◽  
M. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Electrophoresis ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Electrophoresis Method ◽  
Dimensional Electrophoresis

The plasmid contents of 306 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from raw and treated sewage from a treatment plant as well as from the water 1 km downstream were determined. The number and molecular weight of plasmids isolated from a representative sample of these strains were also measured. It was observed that biological treatment did not significantly alter these parameters. In contrast, statistically significant differences in plasmid number and size were observed when strains from sewage (raw and treated) were compared with strains isolated from brackish water. In raw and treated sewage, more than 96% of the strains contained plasmids, compared with 85% in brackish water. Nine to 13% of the strains from sewage contained plasmids with more than 56 kilobases, while only 5% of the strains from brackish water reached this size.Key words: Escherichia coli, plasmids, two-dimensional electrophoresis, sewage treatment, brackish water.

scholarly journals Clonal Dissemination of a CTX-M-15 β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strain in the Paris Area, Tunis, and Bangui

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 2433-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lavollay ◽  
K. Mamlouk ◽  
T. Frank ◽  
A. Akpabie ◽  
B. Burghoffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paris Area ◽  
The Common ◽  
Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic Pcr

ABSTRACT One hundred twenty CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated in 10 different hospitals from Paris (France), in the Hospital Charles Nicolle in Tunis (Tunisia), and in the Pasteur Institute in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR), between 2000 and 2004 were studied. Eighty isolates, recovered from the three countries, were clonally related by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Various resistance profiles were identified among these clonal strains. After conjugation or electroporation of plasmids from E. coli strains representative of each profile and each geographic region, we observed seven resistance profiles in the recipient strains. Incompatibility typing showed that all the plasmids transferred from the clonal strains studied, except one, belonged to the incompatibility group FII. They all shared a multidrug resistance region (MDR) resembling the MDR region located in pC15-1a, a plasmid associated with an outbreak of a CTX-M-15-producing E. coli strain in Canada. They also shared the common backbone of an apparent mosaic plasmid, including several features present in pC15-1a and in pRSB107, a plasmid isolated from a sewage treatment plant. This study suggests that although the plasmid-borne bla CTX-M-15 gene could be transferred horizontally, its dissemination between France, Tunisia, and CAR was due primarily to its residence in an E. coli clone with a strong propensity for dissemination.

Experimental Studies of CS Type UV Sterilizer for the Urban Sewage Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 601-605
Author(s):  
Ji Ku Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang Li ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Yan Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Uv Disinfection ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Uv Dose

By treating the secondary effluent of Sanbaotun sewage treatment plant in Fushun with the CS type UV Sterilizer, the experiment researches the influence on the removal rate which includes the factors of turbidity, chromaticity, initial E.coli concentration of raw water, UV dose. The results show that the turbidity does not influence on UV disinfection efficiency with the turbidity from 1.5NTU to 3.8NTU. In the low-dose UV disinfection process, the influent sewage turbidity should under 4NTU to ensure the disinfection efficiency. Low chromaticity does not affect the UV disinfection efficiency, with the influent sewage chromaticity is under 15 degrees.The initial E. coli has a certain impact on little doses of UV disinfection with the concentration from 175 × 104 A/ L to 230 × 104 A/ L, no impact on high doses of UV disinfection。

Occurrence and Elimination of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates and Metabolites in Municipal Wastewater and Effluents

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-402-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hing-Biu Lee ◽  
Thomas E. Peart
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylates ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
One Year ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract A survey of the concentrations of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPnEO) and their metabolites in wastewater samples collected from a Canadian sewage treatment plant using primary and secondary treatment is presented. Twenty-four-hour composite raw sewage, primary effluent and final effluent samples were collected monthly over a one-year period. Levels of NPnEO (n = 1 to 17) and their metabolites, nonylphenol (NP) and nonylphenoxy carboxylic acids (NPnEC), in these samples were determined by HPLC and GC/MS methods. While ca. 85% of the total alkylphenolics in raw sewage are ethoxylates, the major component (nearly 80%) in the final effluent was in the form of carboxylic acids. During this study period, the median total alkylphenolic concentrations in raw sewage and final effluent were 526 and 248 nmol/L, respectively, representing an overall elimination rate of 53%. The estimated daily discharge of the nonylpheno-lics to the aquatic environment varied from 15 to 44 moles, with a median value of 20 moles. These data suggested that conventional sewage treatments are ineffective in the removal of the surfactant-derived metabolites.

Changes in Microfauna at the Time of Occurrence and Disappearance of Filamentous Bulking

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 907-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Terashi ◽  
S. Hamada
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Filamentous Bulking ◽  
Final Effluent ◽  
Low Do

In the activated sludge process, the cause of filamentous bulking is often the filamentous bacteria Type 021N. At the Kitaminato sewage treatment plant, it was found that when the DO in the aeration tank decreased, filamentous bulking occurred. If the low DO condition is allowed to continue, anaerobic degraded organic matter is produced which creates a favorable condition for the multiplication of Type 021N. Entosiphon sp. is reported to show resistance to low DO; however, sometimes before filamentous bulking occurs, Entosiphon sp. itself multiples. Also if Entosiphon sp. increases and Cinetochilummargaritaceum, of the Ciliophora, multiples, then bulking by Type 021N has been seen not to occur. Cinetochilummargaritaceum has low resistance to hydrogen sulfide; therefore, hydrogen sulfide must not be present in the aeration tank and this means that bulking by Type 021N can not become serious. However, if filamentous bulking becomes serious, only increasing the DO level in the aeration tank will not cause the disappearance of the filamentous bulking. At this stage, if we allow 30% of the final effluent to flow back into the grit chamber, then Type 021N decreases. This is because Trithigmostomacucullulus, of the Ciliophora, increases to 3,000 number/ml, and it ingests Type 021N.

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