scholarly journals Practical use of clinical cytology for the diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis in dairy cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Leao Rodríguez Fierros ◽  
Gerardo Quiroz Rocha ◽  
Luis Núñez Ochoa ◽  
Adolfo Aparicio Cecilio ◽  
Eligio Gabriel Salgado Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Hepatic Lipidosis ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

Hepatic lipidosis is a metabolic disorder that occurs frequently in dairy cattle. Its clinical evaluation on dairy farms is complex, as it is based on physi­cal, chemical and biological tests. The present study evaluates the practical use of hepatic cytology in dairy cattle and suggests that overall health and dairy production rates of animals are not compromised with this procedure. Cell and blood samples were obtained from 25 randomly selected multipa­rous Holstein dairy cows at three different times during the transition period (at calving and at 10 and 21 days postpartum). The values of haematocrit, plasma protein, fibrinogen, and total and differential leucocyte counts were determined, together with total protein, albumin, glutamate dehydrogenase, triacylglycerides, cholesterol and ß-hydroxybutyrate. Cytological results were classified by the detected degree of fatty infiltration, and haematological and metabolic results were compared between each sampled period. The health status and the daily milk production at each sampling stage were recorded. Obtained results indicated that the animals did not show significant clinical inflammation or a decrease in dairy production, which could be deemed secondary to the cytological sampling. This technique is thus regarded as a feasible alternative for the diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis in dairy cattle.

scholarly journals Impact Of Genotypes And Parity On Reproductive And Productive Attributes In Dairy Cattle Of Natore District, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
M Saiful Islam ◽  
Susanta Kumar Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Daily Milk ◽  
Smallholder Dairy Farms

Impact of genotypes and parity on some vital reproductive and productive attributes in the local (L×L, n = 100) and four crossbred cows (L×F, L×SL, L×JR and L×S; n = 318) raised in randomly selected smallholder dairy farms scattered all over Natore District and adjacent areas have been assessed during a period from September 2007 to June 2010. With regard to reproductive attributes, significant differences existed among the cattle genotypes (P<0.05) except for gestation length (GL) and age at weaning (AW). The lowest age at puberty (AP) was found for L×F (21.42±0.37 months), while the highest for L×L (31.67±0.74 months). In terms of productivity, L×F cows produced the highest daily milk yield (DMY; 6.22±0.13 L), coupled with the highest total lactation yield (TLY; 2163.43±47.77 L), while L×L produced the lowest values (1.49±0.04 L and 416.40±12.3 L, respectively) for the traits. The effect of parity on both reproductive and productive attributes showed that the middle-aged dairy cows of the 3rd and 4th parities performed better than the younger (1st and 2nd parities) or the older (5th and beyond) ones. Considering the overall performance, the L×F cows could be ranked as the best genotype followed by their L×SL, L×JR, L×S and L×L counterparts in the study area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v6i0.9727 JLES 2011 6: 91-96

scholarly journals Analysis of production traits and microclimate parameters on dairy cattle farms

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-334
Author(s):  
Goran Vuckovic ◽  
Tina Bobic ◽  
Pero Mijic ◽  
Mirna Gavran ◽  
Klemen Potocnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Daily Milk

Aiming determination of the variability of production traits (daily milk yield and composition) and microclimate parameters (ambient temperature and humidity) in the barns; as well as the correlation between the analyzed groups of traits, 1,636,192 test-day records from Simmentals and 1,275,713 test-day records from Holsteins were analysed. Performed analysis indicate high variability of production traits due to cow?s breed, parity as well as breeding region. Also, high variability of microclimate parameters in the barns due to season and breeding region was found. Furthermore, statistically highly significant (p < 0.001) correlations between the production traits and microclimate parameters were determined. Finally, the negative effect of inadequate microclimate on daily milk production was determined in both breeds in all breeding regions. Since genetic evaluation and selection of dairy cattle for heat resistance is only long-term method for heat stress managing, determined effect will be taken into account in the statistical model for estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values.

scholarly journals Milk Production of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows in Various Lactation Periods (Case Study at Capita Farm, Semarang, Central Java)

JURNAL TERNAK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy Hartanto ◽  
Alvian Adhi Pamungkas ◽  
Edi Prayitno ◽  
Dian Wahyu Harjanti
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Daily Milk

The purpose of this research was to determine and to assess the milk production of Holstein Friesian cows in Capita Farm based on its lactation period. The research was conducted on 29thSeptember – 28thOctober 2019. The materials used in the study were 59 FH dairy cows in the lactation period of 1-6 and lactation months of 1-10. The body weight was 497.71 ± 44.73 kg and the milk production was 14.43 ± 4.43 liters / day / head. The study was conducted by observation. The parameters observed were the lactation period and daily milk production. Afterward, the daily milk production was converted into milk production in one lactation period. The difference in milk production of one lactation period between the lactation periods was determined by the independent sample t test at level of 5%. The results of this research showed that the peak production in the 4th lactation period was 4458.26 liter/lactation, while the 1st, 2nd, 3th, 5th, 6th lactation periods were 3976.85; 4100.01; 4143.85; 3850.27; 2938.56 liter/lactation, respectively. The 6th lactation period was significantly lower than the others withproduction capability of 65.91% of the mature equivalent (ME). It was concluded that the Holstein Friesian dairy cows inCapita Farm has the highest production in the 4th lactation period, but there is a real difference in production when it enters the 6thperiod.

scholarly journals Performance and Metabolism of Dairy Cows Fed Bean Seeds (Vicia faba) with Different Levels of Anti-Nutritional Substances

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Melicharová ◽  
Alena Pechová ◽  
Rudolf Dvořák ◽  
Leoš Pavlata
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Health ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selected bean cultivars with different levels of anti-nutritional substances on performance and metabolism of dairy cows. In the current twelve-week-long study, 32 dairy cows at 3 to 6 weeks after parturition were divided into four groups. Diets were balanced to have an analogical content of crude protein and energy. Experimental groups (MI, ME, MET) were mixed to the milking concentrate consisting of 20% bean seeds (MI - MISTRAL cultivar with a low content of anti-nutritional substances; ME - MERKUR cultivar with high content of anti-nutritional substances; MET - MERKUR cultivar with technologically reduced the amount of anti-nutritional substances). Clinical evaluation of dairy cows’ health and feed intake showed no negative effect of the bean supplementations. Energy, nitrogen and mineral metabolisms were not impaired either. No significant differences were found between groups in milk performance (daily milk yield, protein and lactose production) during the study. On the basis of these results, the bean can be used in 20% in the milking concentrate of dairy cattle. Health risks associated with anti-nutritional content of the native bean are not significant for high-producing dairy cattle.

The effects of a synthetic analogue of the Bovine Appeasing Pheromone on milk yield and composition in Valdostana dairy cows during the move from winter housing to confined lowland pastures

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Osella ◽  
Alessandro Cozzi ◽  
Claudio Spegis ◽  
Germano Turille ◽  
Andrea Barmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Daily Milk

This Research Communication describes the effects of a synthetic analogue of the Bovine Appeasing Pheromone (BAP) on milk parameters in Valdostana dairy cows during the first turning out from tie-stalls to confined lowland pastures around the farms. Thirty healthy lactating Valdostana cows were enroled in the study and randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental group (EG, n = 15) and control group (CG, n = 15). The two groups were separately housed in the same farm and managed outside in two different pens. Treatment (BAP and solution) and control (solution only) were poured on the nuchal skin area between the horns when the animals were inside the farm at the feeding rack every 7 d for 28 d (T0–T4). Milk samples were evaluated at the same time points (T0–T4). Daily milk production (kg/day) was higher in the EG than in the CG, particularly during the first day after the turning out to pasture (T1). Somatic Cell Count (103 cells/ml) was higher in the placebo group than in the EG, especially at T1. Proteins, fat, fat-free dry matter and casein (g/100 g) were not affected by the treatment. In T1 urea (mg/dl) content was higher in CG vs. EG, suggesting a more correct metabolic balance in the group treated with BAP. The use of BAP appears to modulate adaptation in ways that may improve dairy cow performance in the context of changes in management routines.

Perceived welfare issues in dairy cattle, with special emphasis on metabolic stress

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Welfare Problem ◽  
Cow Welfare ◽  
Main Factor

AbstractThere appears to be little consensus on the extent and the exact nature of the dairy cow welfare problem. In the present paper the welfare of cows is described in the light of metabolic stress. The duration of lactation relative to level of production is highlighted as the main factor which sets the dairy cow apart from other lactating mammals. A conceptual diagram of the components and effects of metabolic load is given, a number of questions are raised and two aspects of dairy production are highlighted which relate to the welfare of modern dairy cows. These relate to decreased fertility in high yielding cows and the cumulative effects of successive lactations. Finally, the need for the dairy industry to participate actively and openly in the welfare debate is emphasized.

EFFECTS OF STAGE OF MATURITY OF TIMOTHY HAY AND CONCENTRATE SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING DAIRY COWS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. VINET ◽  
R. BOUCHARD ◽  
G. J. ST-LAURENT
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

The effects of concentrate supplementation of timothy hay cut at the late-boot and early-bloom was tested with dairy cows during two feeding and two digestibility trials. The diets for each trial contained the following hay to concentrate ratios: 100:0, 85:15, 70:30 and 55:45. Daily dry matter intake and fat-corrected milk production, respectively, were 15.1, 16.8, 18.6, 19.4 kg; 16.7, 20.7, 23.1, 21.0 kg for the four diets containing early-cut timothy hay and 11.0, 14.7, 17.2, 19.8 kg; 8.4, 10.7, 13.3 and 15.9 kg for the late-cut timothy hay. Percent digestibilities of the four diets containing early-cut and late-cut timothy hay, respectively, were 65.6, 65.6, 66.9, 66.8 and 53.6, 53.6, 60.2, 62.9 for dry matter; 62.5, 63.7, 65.2, 65.3 and 24.0, 39.3, 53.3, 60.0 for nitrogen; 70.3, 70.3, 68.4, 67.8 and 53.7, 53.4, 60.1, 62.6 for gross energy; 66.4, 65.3, 67.1, 66.6 and 55.0, 54.5, 61.4, 63.5 for cell wall constituents; 68.2, 65.8, 64.9, 63.4 and 50.8, 48.2, 52.7, 52.1 for acid detergent fiber. Timothy hay cut at late-boot stage as sole source of feed supported a daily milk production of 16.7 kg compared to 15.9 kg for cows consuming timothy hay cut at late-bloom stage supplemented with 9 kg of concentrate.

scholarly journals Milk Production of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows in Various Lactation Periods (Case Study at Capita Farm, Semarang, Central Java)

JURNAL TERNAK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy Hartanto ◽  
Alfian Adhi Pamungkas ◽  
Edi Prayitno ◽  
Dian Wahyu Harjanti
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Daily Milk

The purpose of this research was to determine and to assess the milk production of Holstein Friesian cows in Capita Farm based on its lactation period. The research was conducted on 29thSeptember – 28thOctober 2019. The materials used in the study were 59 FH dairy cows in the lactation period of 1-6 and lactation months of 1-10. The body weight was 497.71 ± 44.73 kg and the milk production was 14.43 ± 4.43 liters / day / head. The study was conducted by observation. The parameters observed were the lactation period and daily milk production. Afterward, the daily milk production was converted into milk production in one lactation period. The difference in milk production of one lactation period between the lactation periods was determined by the independent sample t test at level of 5%. The results of this research showed that the peak production in the 4th lactation period was 4458.26 liter/lactation, while the 1st, 2nd, 3th, 5th, 6th lactation periods were 3976.85; 4100.01; 4143.85; 3850.27; 2938.56 liter/lactation, respectively. The 6th lactation period was significantly lower than the others withproduction capability of 65.91% of the mature equivalent (ME). It was concluded that the Holstein Friesian dairy cows inCapita Farm has the highest production in the 4th lactation period, but there is a real difference in production when it enters the 6thperiod.

scholarly journals Distribution of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cattle Populations in KUD Gemah Ripah Sukabumi, West Java for Milk Production of during Lactation, Daily Milk Production, and Fat Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Raden Febrianto Christi ◽  
H. Hermawan ◽  
Lia Budimulyati Salman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
West Java ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

Dairy cows are a type of livestock that have been developed by contributing products in the form of milk as a provider of animal protein. The more dairy cow population, the higher the milk production produced. This study aims to determine the population of dairy farming in Gemah Ripah Sukabumi KUD, West Java, and to determine the amount of milk production during the lactation period, daily milk production, and fat content. The research method used was a survey by taking primary and secondary data in 2018 and then analyzed with simple statistics to determine the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of diversity. The results showed that the population of dairy cows was widespread in the Sukabumi area.  Namely in the Barokah group in the Sukalarang sub-district, the Cikole group in the Sukaraja sub-district, the Cintaresmi group in the Sukalarang sub-district, the Priangan group in the Sukalarang sub-district, the rukun tani II in the sub-district of Sukalarang, the rukun tani III in Sukalja, sulanjana I in Sukalarang sub-district. Sukalarang sub-district, sulanjana II sub-group sukalarang sub-district, sukalarang talisaid sub-district, Darma Sancang group, Sukaraja group consisting of calves, young dairy cows, dairy cows, and bulls with average total milk production (362.7) 3627 liters/lactation, average the amount of daily milk production is 10.8 liters/head/day. The average fat content is 3.44%. The conclusion showed that the population of dairy cows that was in Gemah Ripah Cooperative Sukabumi District has a total of 776 heads.  Consisting of calves, heifers, cow lactation, and males as well as having an average total milk production during the lactation period with 105 heads, which is 362.5 liters/lactation, the average daily milk production of 10.8 liters/head/day, with a fat content of 3.44%.

scholarly journals Estimation Metabolic Status in High Yielding Dairy Cows During Transition Period and Full Lactation

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojica Djokovic ◽  
Marko Cincovic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Vladimir Kurcubic ◽  
Biljana Andjelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Blood Concentrations

Background: Major changes in the metabolic functions in high-yielding dairy cows occur during the transitional period and during lactation. Parturition and lactogenesis are accompanied by many physiological changes that facilitate the maintenance of homeostasis Consequently, physiological situations leading to a negative energy balance are coupled to an increased uncontrolled rate of body fat mobilisation and the increased fatty acids accumulation in hepatocytes and blood ketone bodies, resulting in disturbances of the morphological and physiological liver integrity. The objective of the present study was to estimate metabolic status in late pregnant, early lactation and full lactation Holstein dairy cows on the basis changes of blood concentrations of selected biochemical markers.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment included 36 Holstein cows. Three groups of clinically healthy cows were chosen from the herd. Group 1 consisted of late pregnant cows (n = 12) from 30 to 1 day (20 ± 15) to partus; Group 2 comprised early lactation cows (n = 12) in the first month of lactation (15 ± 12 days), and Group 3 included full lactation cows (n = 12) between 60 to 90 days of lactation (81 ± 30 days). Blood samples were collected from all cows, by  punction of the jugular vein. Biochemical testing for markers in the blood serum showed significantly lower values (P < 0.05) of glucose, TG, Tchol. and urea in early cows than in full lactation and late-pregnant cows. The blood concentration of NEFA and BHB  was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the group of cows in early lactation compared to the other groups of cows. The mean tBIL. concentration and the serum AST, GGT and ALT  activities were markedly increased (P < 0.01) in the lactation cows compared to the late pregnant cows. Furthermore, the intensity of lipomobilisation (NEFA or BHB concentrations) correlated positively (P < 0.05) with the markers of cell damage or liver function impairment (tBIL., serum AST, ALT and GGT activities), but negatively (P < 0.05) with the circulating concentrations of compounds synthesised in liver (glucose, TG and urea).Discussion: In dairy cows, it was observed that up to 50 % of females exhibited some lipid accumulation in liver in the first 3 weeks after calving and that fatty liver occurs primarily in this period.  Liver can be categorized into mild, moderate and severe fatty liver as dependent on the degree of pathology and a mild fatty infiltration of liver in dairy cows during lactation is considered to be almost physiological. The blood BHB and NEFA concentrations are markers of lipomobilisation and positively associated with the ketosis and liver steatosis intensity. The simultaneous and parallel variations observed between the extent of the fat infiltration in liver and the serum BHB and NEFA concentrations in puerperal cows clearly indicated that the intense lipomobilisation in the post-partum period has induced lipid overloading and ketogenesis in the liver. On the other hand, it was observed significant decreases in the serum biochemical markers, at least partially synthesised in the liver, such as glucose, TG, Tchol., urea, albumin and TP during the postpartum period. However, the liver steatosis has induced some cellular lesions as evidenced by significant increases in the serum tBIL. concentrations and in the AST, ALT, GGT and LDH enzyme activities in puerperal cows. All these biochemical metabolites may be used as important biochemical markers in the determination of the metabolic status in high-yielding dairy cows during the transition period and during lactation.

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