Critical study of Mamsadhara Kala

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kumar Waghmare ◽  
Bhosgikar Anup ◽  
Niyazahmed Kanavi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Deep Fascia ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
And Function

Every concept of Ayurveda has its own importance. There are many concepts mentioned in the classics are scientific and worth understanding in modern words. Among these concepts Acharya Sushruta mentioned Sapta Kalas in the body. While considering upon the Ashaya they had also thought of the linings making internal walls of the Ashaya, designating them as Kala. They presented it in a very silent way. Among the Sapta Kala, Mamsadhara Kala is one described by Sushruta and other Acharyas. There are 3 layers of connective tissue which extended from the deep fascia and protects and give strength to the skeletal muscle. They are epimysium, perimysium and endomysium, they may extend beyond the muscle fiber to form tendons. So by this we can understand the Mamsadhara Kala in gross anatomy, i.e. fascia or deep fascia and in the histological level it can be taken as Endomysium. So the collection and comprehensive review of information regarding Mamsadhara Kala becomes significant. Hence to unravel and accumulate the hidden scientific information about Mamsadhara Kala, in different resources and its structure and function on common parlon, presents intended research work has been undertaken and planned to carry out.

scholarly journals A CRITICAL STUDY OF MEDODHARA KALA AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ADIPOSE TISSUE

2019 ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
Vaishali T. Ganvir ◽  
Prachi Sawsakade
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
And Function ◽  
Anatomical Term

There are many concepts mentioned in the classics are scientific and worth understanding in modern words. Every concept of Ayurveda has its own importance. Among them Acharya Sushruta explained Sapta Kalas in the body which mainly separate Dhatu and Ashaya. Kala Sharir is an important part of an Ayurvedic anatomy. Kala means layers or membranes of our body. There are many layers or membranes in the body which form an envelope over the organs. They provide support and protection to the organs. Medodhara Kala is 3rd in position and is described by Sushruta and other Acharyas. Medadhatu (adipose tissue or fat) is one of the seven fundamental tissues (Saptadhatu). It provides wormth, lubrication and oiliness to the body. Fat protects the body and leads strength, sturdiness and stability to the organs. It helps to nourish the Asthidhatu. Adipose tissue or fat is an anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Its main role is to store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and insulates the body. In this way we can understand the Medodhara Kala in gross anatomy. So the collection and comprehensive review of information regarding Medodhara Kala in different resources and its structure and function becomes significant.

Fractal analysis in biology and medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Important Additional Information ◽  
And Function

The review article discusses the possibilities of using fractal mathematical analysis to solve scientific and applied problems of modern biology and medicine. The authors show that only such an approach, related to the section of nonlinear mechanics, allows quantifying the chaotic component of the structure and function of living systems, that is a priori important additional information and expands, in particular, the possibilities of diagnostics, differential diagnosis and prediction of the course of physiological and pathological processes. A number of examples demonstrate the specific advantages of using fractal analysis for these purposes. The conclusion can be made that the expanded use of fractal analysis methods in the research work of medical and biological specialists is promising.

scholarly journals Essential Role of Septin 7 in Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 258a
Author(s):  
Laszlo Csernoch ◽  
Mónika Gönczi ◽  
Zsolt Ráduly ◽  
László Szabó ◽  
Nóra Dobrosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
And Function

PROLONGED INTRAVENOUS INFUSION OF LABELLED IODOCOMPOUNDS IN THE RAT: [125I]IODIDE METABOLISM AND EFFECTS OF MODERATE DIETARY IODINE DEFICIENCY

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIPA BOONNAMSIRI ◽  
J. C. KERMODE ◽  
B. D. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Continuous Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Close Approximation ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
And Function ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Secretion Rates

SUMMARY Radio-iodide was administered by prolonged continuous intravenous infusion to rats maintained under iodine-replete conditions and in moderate iodine deficiency. A close approximation to equilibrium labelling was thereby achieved. Labelled iodocompounds extracted from various tissues were analysed by thin-layer chromatography. Moderate iodine deficiency resulted in a slight increase in the ratio of mono-iodotyrosine to di-iodotyrosine in the thyroid. No change in the ratio of tri-iodothyronine (T3) to thyroxine (T4) was found in thyroid, plasma or skeletal muscle. Faecal excretion of T3 declined appreciably relative to that of T4. Under iodine-replete conditions the ratio of thyroidal secretion rates of T3 and T4 was estimated to be more than three times higher than the ratio of these iodocompounds within the thyroid. Heterogeneity of thyroglobulin structure and function may explain these observations.

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle hypertrophy and structure and function of skeletal muscle fibres in male body builders

2006 ◽  
Vol 570 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe D'Antona ◽  
Francesca Lanfranconi ◽  
Maria Antonietta Pellegrino ◽  
Lorenza Brocca ◽  
Raffaella Adami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
And Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibres

AML1 is expressed in skeletal muscle and is regulated by innervation

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 8051-8057
Author(s):  
X Zhu ◽  
J E Yeadon ◽  
S J Burden
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Denervated Muscle ◽  
Aml1 Gene ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Function ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Although most skeletal muscle genes are expressed at similar levels in electrically active, innervated muscle and in electrically inactive, denervated muscle, a small number of genes, including those encoding the acetylcholine receptor, N-CAM, and myogenin, are expressed at significantly higher levels in denervated than in innervated muscle. The mechanisms that mediate electrical activity-dependent gene regulation are not understood, but these mechanisms are likely to be responsible, at least in part, for the changes in muscle structure and function that accompany a decrease in myofiber electrical activity. To understand how muscle activity regulates muscle structure and function, we used a subtractive-hybridization and cloning strategy to identify and isolate genes that are expressed preferentially in innervated or denervated muscle. One of the genes which we found to be regulated by electrical activity is the recently discovered acute myeloid leukemia 1 (AML1) gene. Disruption and translocation of the human AML1 gene are responsible for a form of acute myeloid leukemia. AML1 is a DNA-binding protein, but its normal function is not known and its expression and regulation in skeletal muscle were not previously appreciated. Because of its potential role as a transcriptional mediator of electrical activity, we characterized expression of the AML1 gene in innervated, denervated, and developing skeletal muscle. We show that AML1 is expressed at low levels in innervated skeletal muscle and at 50- to 100-fold-higher levels in denervated muscle. Four AML1 transcripts are expressed in denervated muscle, and the abundance of each transcript increases after denervation. We transfected C2 muscle cells with an expression vector encoding AML1, tagged with an epitope from hemagglutinin, and we show that AML1 is a nuclear protein in muscle. AML1 dimerizes with core-binding factor beta (CBF beta), and we show that CGF beta is expressed at high levels in both innervated and denervated skeletal muscle. PEBP2 alpha, which is structurally related to AML1 and which also dimerizes with CBF beta, is expressed at low levels in skeletal muscle and is up-regulated only weakly by denervation. These results are consistent with the idea that AML1 may have a role in regulating gene expression in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Effects of Ovariectomy on Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function in Young Female Rats: Protective Effects of the Flavanol (−)‐Epicatechin

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Viridiana Navarrrete ◽  
Marcos Ayala ◽  
Antonio Rodriguez ◽  
Francisco Villarreal ◽  
Israel Ramirez-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Evidence of Regeneration of Testicular and Epididymal Tissue Structure and Function Following Withdrawal from Sub-chronic Khat Exposure: Studies in the Rabbit Animal Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Albert W. Nyongesaa ◽  
Esther M. Malukib ◽  
Jemimah A. Simbaunib
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Function

Khat, Catha edulis, use is rampant in Eastern Africa and Middle East countries with associated reports of reproductive function impairment in the body of the user. Reports on recovery post long-term khat exposure are obscure. The present study investigated evidence of restoration of testicular and epididymal structure and function during withdrawal from cytotoxic damage caused by sub-chronic exposure of khat extract. Twenty-eight male rabbits were divided into 7 groups of 4 rabbits each. Group I (control) was administered normal saline while groups II, III and IV were administered 1.0 g/kg, 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg body weight of khat extract, respectively, via oral gavage on alternate days of the week for 12 weeks. Blood samples from animals were collected for hormonal assays followed by euthanasia using 26.4 mg/kg body weight of Sagatal sodium intramuscularly for testicular and epididymal histology. Group V, VI and VII were administered 1.0 g/kg, 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg body weight of khat extract, respectively, orally on alternate days of the week for 12 weeks followed by 1-month withdrawal period, blood samples collected for hormone assays and animals sacrificed for testicular and epididymal histology. High khat dose, 20 g/kg body weight, at sub-chronic exposure caused degeneration in spermatogenic cells with accompanying decrease in plasma FSH and testosterone. Histological output of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells and epididymal epithelium appeared unaffected in treatment groups. Post withdrawal data showed apparent regeneration of seminiferous epithelium and restoration of plasma FSH and testosterone comparable to control. It appears khat extract preferentially affected germ cell spermatogonia and subsequent daughter cells while stem cell spermatogonia were unaffected and contributed to regeneration of germinal epithelium and endocrine function.

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