http://www.imedpub.com/articles/nontuberculous-mycobacterium-duringpregnancy-a-case-report.php?aid=18129

The incidence of nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) lung disease is rapidly increasing; however, its diagnosis and prognosis remain unclear while selecting patients who will respond to appropriate treatment. Differences in DNA methylation patterns between NTM patients with good or poor prognosis could provide important therapeutic targets. We used the Illumina MethylationEPIC (850k) DNA methylation microarray to determine the pattern between differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in NTM patients with good or poor prognosis (n = 4/group). Moreover, we merged and compared 20 healthy controls from previous Illumina Methylation450k DNA methylation microarray data. We selected and visualized the DMRs in the form of heatmaps, and enriched terms associated with these DMRs were identified by functional annotation with the “pathfinder” package. In total, 461 and 293 DMRs (|Log2 fold change| > 0.1 and p < 0.03) were more methylated in patients with four poor and four good prognoses, respectively. Furthermore, 337 and 771 DMRs (|Log2 fold change| > 0.08 and p < 0.001) were more methylated in eight NTM patients and 20 healthy controls, respectively. TGFBr1 was significantly less methylated, whereas HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR5 were more methylated in patients with poor prognosis (compared to those with good prognosis). LRP5, E2F1, and ADCY3 were the top three less-methylated genes in NTM patients (compared with the controls). The mTOR and Wnt signaling pathway-related genes were less methylated in patients with NTM. Collectively, genes related to Th1-cell differentiation, such as TGFBr1 and HLA-DR, may be used as biomarkers for predicting the treatment response in patients with NTM lung disease.

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Acid-fast bacilli smear test of a blood culture sample for the diagnosis of disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection: A case report

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462420972224 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 483-485

Author(s):

Yo Murata ◽

Nobuaki Mori ◽

Narito Kagawa ◽

Kentaro Okuma ◽

Shinji Yoshida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Culture ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Nontuberculous Mycobacterium ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Culture Methods ◽

Smear Test ◽

Acid Fast Bacilli ◽

Mycobacterium Genavense ◽

Old Japanese ◽

Immunosuppressed Patients

Mycobacterium genavense, a nontuberculous Mycobacterium, is found in immunosuppressed patients, particularly in those with HIV. Mycobacterium genavense incubation under standard culture conditions is difficult, and its identification is challenging using routine culture methods. Herein, we report the case of a 40-year-old Japanese man with HIV presenting with disseminated M. genavense infection. An analysis using an automated blood culture system did not show positive signals during 6 weeks of incubation. However, an acid-fast bacilli smear of his blood sample was positive for the bacterium. Mycobacterium genavense was identified using sequencing analysis, targeting the heat shock protein 65 gene. The patient recovered from the infection, following antibiotic therapy for 18 months. Under suspicion of disseminated M. genavense infection and the absence of bacterial growth in blood culture samples, an acid-fast bacilli smear test of the sample may be useful for timely diagnosis.

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Complete Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium chimaera Strain CDC2015-22-71

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00693-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (31) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nabeeh A. Hasan ◽

Adrian Lawsin ◽

K. Allison Perry ◽

Efe Alyanak ◽

Nadege C. Toney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Nontuberculous Mycobacterium ◽

Open Heart ◽

Mycobacterium Species ◽

Content Type ◽

Invasive Infections

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium chimaera is a nontuberculous mycobacterium species commonly found in the environment. Here, we report the first complete genome sequence of a strain from the investigation of invasive infections following open-heart surgeries that used contaminated LivaNova Sorin Stockert 3T heater-cooler devices.

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A Case of False-PositiveMycobacterium tuberculosisCaused byMycobacterium celatum

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2016/1761923 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Edward Gildeh ◽

Zaid Abdel-Rahman ◽

Ruchira Sengupta ◽

Laura Johnson

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Case Reports ◽

Public Health Intervention ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Clinical History ◽

Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽

Nontuberculous Mycobacterium ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Reliable Differentiation ◽

Oligonucleotide Sequence

Mycobacterium celatumis a nontuberculous mycobacterium shown to cause symptoms similar to pulmonaryM. tuberculosis. Certain strains have been shown to cross-react with the probes used to detectM. tuberculosis, making this a diagnostic challenge. We present a 56-year-old gentleman who developed signs and symptoms of lung infection with computed tomography scan of the chest showing right lung apex cavitation. Serial sputum samples were positive for acid-fast bacilli and nucleic acid amplification testing identifiedM. tuberculosisribosomal RNA, resulting in treatment initiation. Further testing with high performance liquid chromatography showed a pattern consistent withM. celatum. This case illustrates the potential forM. celatumto mimicM. tuberculosisin both its clinical history and laboratory testing due to the identical oligonucleotide sequence contained in both. An increasing number of case reports suggest that early reliable differentiation could reduce unnecessary treatment and public health intervention associated with misdiagnosed tuberculosis.

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In Vitro Activities of the Novel Oxazolidinones DA-7867 and DA-7157 against Rapidly and Slowly Growing Mycobacteria

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00763-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 50 (12) ◽

pp. 4027-4029 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Lucio Vera-Cabrera ◽

Barbara A. Brown-Elliott ◽

Richard J. Wallace ◽

Jorge Ocampo-Candiani ◽

Oliverio Welsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Nontuberculous Mycobacterium ◽

The Novel ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Reference Species ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Aerobic Actinomycetes

ABSTRACT DA-7867 and DA-7157 are oxazolidinones active against pathogenic aerobic actinomycetes including Nocardia spp. and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the activity of these drugs against nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species is not known. In this work, we compared the susceptibilities of 122 clinical isolates and 29 reference species of both rapidly growing and slowly growing mycobacteria to linezolid, DA-7867, and DA-7157 by the broth microdilution method. The MICs for 50 and 90% of the strains tested (MIC50s and MIC90s, respectively) of DA-7867 and DA-7157 were lower than those of linezolid. In all of the cases, a MIC90 of <8 μg/ml was observed for all of the species tested in both groups of NTM. For M. kansasii and M. marinum isolates, the MIC90s of both DA-7867 and DA-7157 were less than 0.5 μg/ml. These results demonstrate the potential of these compounds to treat NTM infections.

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