scholarly journals BROMATOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF PALM KERNEL MEAL ACCORDING TO ITS ORIGIN AND PRODUCTION PERIODS POTENTIAL USE OF PALM KERNEL MEAL IN ANIMAL FEED

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDISON MAZÓN PAREDES
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ampas Kedelai dan Bungkil Inti Sawit (AKBIS) yang Difermentasi dengan Aspergillus niger terhadap Bakteri Usus Broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vhodzan Adzima Nyak Adam ◽  
Nurliana Nurliana ◽  
Samadi Samadi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fermented Feed ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
By Products

ABSTRAK. Salah satu upaya dilakukan untuk mengganti penggunaan antibiotik adalah mencari imbuhan pakan alternatif seperti pro-prebiotik, bahan pakan herbal dan berbagai imbuhan pakan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ampas kedela dan bungkil inti sawit (AKBIS) yang difermentasi dengan Aspergillus niger (A. niger) terhadap mikroflora saluran pencernaan broiler. Sampel saluran pencernaan ayam diperoleh dari 80 ekor broiler yang dibagi menjadi empat perlakuan. Setiap unit perlakuan terdiri dari empat ekor ayam. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 5 ulangan yang diberi pakan perlakuan selama 21 dan 35 hari dengan penambahan empat konsentrasi pakan fermentasi yang berbeda (0%, 2%, 4%, 6% dari total pakan). Saluran pencernaan broiler diperiksa ALT mikroba, E.coli, Salmonella dan BAL. Data dianalisis dengan uji Anava melalui program SPSS for windows versi 17.0 dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AKBIS yang difermentasi dengan A. niger berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap jumlah mikroba saluran pencernaan broiler. Konsentrasi dan lama pemberian berpengaruh (P0,05) terhadap jumlah mikroba saluran pencernaan broiler. Pemberian AKBIS fermentasi mampu mempertahankan jumlah mikroba yang menguntungkan seperti E. coli dan mengurangi mikroba patogen yaitu Salmonella, serta mampu meningkatkan jumlah bakteri asam laktat dalam saluran pencernaan broiler. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa AKBIS fermentasi dapat digunakan sebagai sumber probiotik sehingga mampu meningkatkan kualitas broiler dan aman bagi konsumen.The effect of soybean by products and palm kernel meal fermented with Aspergillus niger on broilers intestinal bacteria ABSTRACT. One of the efforts to replace antibiotics in animal feed is by providing other sources of feed additives such as pre- pro biotics, phytogenics, and other feed additives. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of soybean by products and palm kernel meal that fermented with A. niger on the microflora digestive tract of broilers. Chicken digestive tract samples obtained from 80 species of broiler fed treatment for 21 and 35 days. The tretaments in this experiment were different concentrations of fermented soybean by products and palm kernel meal (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) in the commercial feed. Digestive tract of broiler examined TPC of microbe, E. coli, Salmonella and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Data were analyzed by Anova with SPSS for Windows version 17.0 and continued with Duncan test. The results showed that soybean by products and palm kernel meal fermented with A. Niger significantly affected (P 0.05) to the number of microbial digestive tract of broilers. Fermented feed was able to maintain the number of non-pathogenic microflora and reduced the number of pathogenic microflora. In conclusion, fermentation of soybean by products with palm kernel meal was able to improve the broiler quality and safe for consumers.

Effect of Palm Kernel Meal as Melamine Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive Extender for Plywood Application: Using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huei Ruey Ong ◽  
Reddy Prasad ◽  
Md. Maksudur Rahman Khan ◽  
Md. Najmul Kabir Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

Increased demand for wood adhesives, environmental concerns, and the uncertainty of continuing availability of petrochemicals have led to recent attention on protein-based adhesives. This study was conducted to investigate the physico-chemical interaction of palm kernel meal (PKM) with melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resins in adhesive formulation by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The effect of hot press on PKM extender has been investigated by FTIR and blue shift is observed due to the hot press indicating that the functional groups (such as C=O, -OH and NH) are become more free in the samples. In the case of PKM-MUF blend bonding interactions observed where, PKM played the role as an extender. Red shift of C=O and N-H groups stretching in PKM-MUF-Wood blend is observed which suggests the interaction of these functional groups through hydrogen bonding. The results suggest that PKM extender-based MUF adhesive resins have potential application for the production of exterior plywood.

scholarly journals Optimal Replacement of Soybean Meal with Fermented Palm Kernel Meal as Protein Source in a Fish Meal-Soybean Meal-Based Diet of Sex Reversed Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2287
Author(s):  
Wattana Wattanakul ◽  
Karun Thongprajukaew ◽  
Waraporn Hahor ◽  
Naraid Suanyuk
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

The solid-state fermentation by effective microorganisms (containing photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast and Bacillus sp.) improved the nutritive values of palm kernel meal (PKM). Increased crude protein (20.79%), nitrogen-free extract (40.07%) and gross energy (19.58%) were observed in fermented PKM (FPKM) relative to raw PKM while crude lipid (15.65%), crude fiber (36.45%) and ash (29.54%) were decreased. Replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with FPKM as a protein source was investigated for its effects in sex-reversed red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus). The two-month-old fish (14.85 ± 0.28 g initial weight) were fed fish meal-SBM-based diets with replacement by FPKM at 25% (25FPKM), 50% (50FPKM), 75% (75FPKM) and 100% (100FPKM), while an FPKM-free diet (0FPKM) was used as a control. The five treatments, comprising triplicate cement ponds and forty fish each, were conducted in a recirculating system over 12 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, fish fed the 50FPKM diet were superior in growth performance, while the feed utilization parameters were similar across all five treatments. Physiological adaptation of the protein-digesting (pepsin and trypsin) and lipid-digesting (lipase) enzymes was detected at all protein replacement levels (except for 25FPKM), as well as of the enzyme for cellulose digestion (cellulase), but not of the carbohydrate-digesting enzymes (amylase). Protein synthesis capacity in flesh was improved in fish fed the 50FPKM diet, while the quality of the main flesh proteins, actin and myosin, showed no significant differences across the five treatments. No differences in carcass composition and no negative effects on hematological parameters or liver histoarchitecture at the 50% replacement level of SBM by FPKM also support this alternative. Findings from the current study indicate the low-cost FPKM-containing diet for tilapia in comparison with control diet.

scholarly journals High Level of Energy and Protein Supplementation Effect on Feed Intake and Liveweight Gain of Bali Bulls Fed Elephant Grass

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Sulendre ◽  
Marsetyo ◽  
Takdir ◽  
Harper ◽  
Poppi
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
High Level ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Faecal Ph

This research was carried out on-farm at Malonas village, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia to examine the effect of high level supplementation of by-products formulated for high ME and CP. Feed intake, faecal pH and liveweight gain of Bali bulls was observed. The basal diet was elephant grass, and supplements were rice bran (RB), cassava (C), palm kernel meal (PKM), gliricidia (G) and urea. Fifty Bali bulls (weight 168±4.48 kg) were housed in individual pens for 18 weeks (2 introductory and 16 experimental) and allocated into five treatments: A= elephant grass (EG) ad libitum, B= EG offered at 1%W/d, plus 2.5%W/d mixed RB:G, (1:1), C = EG offered at 1%W/d plus 2.5%W/d mixed RB:PKM(1:1), D = EG offered at 1%W/d plus 2.5%W/d mixed C:G (1:1), E = EG offered at 1%W/d plus 2.5%W/d mixed C+ urea: PKM (1:1). Faecal pH was measured at weeks 3, 9 and 15. Bali bulls fed B, C, D and E, consumed supplement at the rate of 2.15, 2.19, 2.09 and 2.29 %W/d, respectively. Total feed intake was 2.47, 2.98, 2.99, 2.93, 3.13%W/d, liveweight gain was 0.30, 0.57, 0.60, 0.66, 0.69 g/d and faecal pH was 6.93, 6.76, 6.65, 6.45, 6.33 for treatment A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. Supplementation increased significantly (P<0.05) total feed intake, liveweight gain, but reduced faecal pH. The highest total feed intake and liveweight gain was achieved by treatment E. It is concluded that cassava can be provided at 1.15%W/d in combination with protein supplement for high liveweight gain of Bali bulls.

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