scholarly journals Photosynthesis performance and leaf water potential impairments of Lime Tahiti affected by Wood pocket

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
Eleonora Rodriguez Polanco ◽  
Jairo García L ◽  
Javier Orduz
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Hydrodynamic Properties ◽  
Climate Conditions

The progressive death of Tahiti lime trees in productive stage was evidenced in the production region of north-central Tolima in 2012, which led to significant detriment in fruit production of 79.98% in relation to the year 2011. Tree deterioration caused by progressive death of tissue or wood was attributed to the presence of the physiopathy known worldwide as Wood pocket (WP) because its damage was not associated with the presence of a pathogen in diagnostic tests in the laboratory. The presence and level of damage caused by WP has been associated with dry warm climate conditions related mainly to high temperatures, a condition similar to that which occurs in this producing area. The effect of WP on the photosynthetic parameters and leaf water potential was determined in an experimental trial in a commercial plantation of Lima Tahiti located in Flandes. In this area, hydrodynamic properties and the moisture content of the soil were characterized, and monitoring of climate conditions was also carried out. Our results indicated that the hydrodynamic properties, low availability of water in this soil and climatic conditions are favorable for the development of WP. The values in photosynthetic parameters and leaf water potential even in healthy plants are lower than those reported for this species, indicating that the plants are in constant condition of water stress that can be increased by the high average temperature. The presence of WP decreases in greater proportion the photosynthesis efficiency and water potential in leaf tissue. We hypothesized that the constant water deficit and high temperatures cause rupture of tracheids and cavitation in the xylem deteriorating the vascular system causing the death of wood or WP.

Does predawn water potential discern between irrigation treatments in Galician white grapevine cultivars?

OENO One ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Mirás-Avalos ◽  
Emiliano Trigo-Córdoba ◽  
Yolanda Bouzas-Cid
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Stem Water

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: To evaluate the usefulness of predawn water potential (<strong>Ψ</strong><sub>pd</sub>) to assess the water status of Galician grapevine cultivars for irrigation purposes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Three Galician white grapevine cultivars (Albariño, Godello and Treixadura) were subjected to rain-fed and irrigation conditions during the 2013 growing season. Diurnal changes in leaf water potential (<strong>Ψ</strong><sub>l</sub>) were measured using a pressure chamber on days with high evapotranspiration demand. Stem water potential (<strong>Ψ</strong><sub>s</sub>) was measured at midday. <strong>Ψ</strong><sub>pd</sub> was not able to discriminate between treatments, whereas <strong>Ψ</strong><sub>l</sub> and <strong>Ψ</strong><sub>s</sub> at midday were able to detect significant differences in water status among plants.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: <strong>Ψ</strong><sub>pd</sub> was not useful to evaluate vine water status under the Galician climatic conditions. In contrast, both <strong>Ψ</strong><sub>l</sub> and <strong>Ψ</strong><sub>s</sub> were effective for detecting differences between treatments and can thus be used for irrigation management purposes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: This is the first study evaluating water status of Galician grapevine cultivars. It also provides useful information about the strategy for its control through measurements of midday <strong>Ψ</strong>l or <strong>Ψ</strong>s.</p>

scholarly journals Grapevine physiological response to row orientation-induced spatial radiation and microclimate changes

OENO One ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Kobus Hunter ◽  
Luigi TARRICONE ◽  
Cornelis Volschenk ◽  
Christian Giacalone ◽  
Maria Susete Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
High Radiation ◽  
Ripening Period

Terroir factors and vineyard practices largely determine canopy and root system functioning. In this study, changes in soil conditions, multi-level (vertical, horizontal) light interception (quantitative, photographic, schematic, 3D modelled), leaf water potential and photosynthetic activity were measured during the grape ripening period on NS, EW, NE-SW, and NW-SE orientated (Southern Hemisphere) vertically trellised Shiraz grapevine canopies. It was hypothesised that the spatial radiation interception angle and radiation distribution of differently orientated and vertically trained grapevine rows would affect soil conditions and vine physiological activity. Soil water content showed an increase and soil temperature a decreasing gradient with soil depth. In the afternoon, soil layers of EW orientated rows reached their highest temperature. This, along with measured photosynthetic active radiation received by canopies, complimented the diurnally-captured photographic, constructed and 3D modelled images (also schematically) of canopy and soil exposure patterns. The top, bottom and outside of NS canopies mainly received radiation from directly above, from the E and the W; during midday, high radiation was only received from above. The EW rows received the highest radiation component from above and from the N. The NE-SW rows received high levels of radiation from above, from the SE until 10:00, and from the NW from 13:00. A similar profile can be described for NW-SE rows, but with high radiation received from the NE up to 13:00 and from the SW from 16:00. Overall, lowest leaf water potential occurred for NE-SW canopies, followed by those orientated NW-SE, NS and EW. Photosynthetic activity reflected the positive radiation impact of the sun azimuth during the grape ripening period; best overall performance seemed to occur for E and N exposed canopy sides. This was largely driven by the responsiveness of the secondary leaves to radiation. Photosynthetic output decreased from apical to basal canopy zones with low, erratic values in the light-limited canopy centre. The NS and EW orientated canopies generally showed the highest average photosynthesis, while it was lower for the sides facing S, SE and SW. The results provide a better understanding of the physiological functioning of horizontal and vertical leaf layers in differently orientated grapevine canopies, as affected by climatic conditions. The study contributes to the longstanding challenges of capturing the complexity of parallel microclimatic and physiological output of grapevine canopies under open field conditions. The results can be directly applied to the selection of vineyard practices and seasonal management to ensure the attainment of yield, grape composition and wine quality objectives.

scholarly journals Behaviour study of "Danlas" grapevines grown under plastic cover

OENO One ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Aziz Ezzahouani
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids

<p style="text-align: justify;">The aim of this study is to determine the behaviour of ‘Danlas’ grapevines conducted under plastic cover, near atlantic coast, known for its early table grape production. Measurements included climatic conditions, leaf water potential, canopy temperature and production components. The use of plastic cover resulted in an increase of midday ambient temperature and vapor pressure deficit, with a maximum of 5. 7 °C and 1.28 kPa, respectively. Midday canopy temperature under field conditions were lower than ambient temperature by an average of 2.5 °C. The most negative leaf water potential values were recoded for grapevines under plastic cover relatively to field conditions, ranging from –7.2 to –17.0 bars and from –7.0 to –14.0 bars, respectively. Harvest date was advanced by more than one month after the use of plastic cover. Results showed that crop weight, cluster weight and number per vine were not significantly affected. However, the number of berries per cluster was significantly reduced. Plastic cover promoted fruit quality, berry weight and soluble solids concentration were increased by 2.23 g and 1.0 °Brix, respectively. While titratable acidity was decreased by 1.20 g/l.</p>

Photosynthetic parameters and leaf water potential of five common bean genotypes under mild water deficit

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Santos ◽  
R. V. Ribeiro ◽  
E. C. Machado ◽  
C. Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters

Use of a Hydraulic Press for Estimation of Leaf Water Potential in Grain Sorghum 1

1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Hicks ◽  
R. J. Lascano ◽  
C. W. Wendt ◽  
A. B. Onken
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Leaf Water

Sampling Error for Leaf Water Potential Measurements in Wheat 1

Crop Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Johnson ◽  
H. T. Nguyen ◽  
R. W. McNew ◽  
D. M. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Potential Measurements

scholarly journals Terrestrial laser scanning intensity captures diurnal variation in leaf water potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 112274
Author(s):  
S. Junttila ◽  
T. Hölttä ◽  
E. Puttonen ◽  
M. Katoh ◽  
M. Vastaranta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Leaf Water

scholarly journals The Effect of Grapevine Age (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Zinfandel) on Phenology and Gas Exchange Parameters over Consecutive Growing Seasons

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Vegas Riffle ◽  
Nathaniel Palmer ◽  
L. Federico Casassa ◽  
Jean Catherine Dodson Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Exchange Parameters

Unlike most crop industries, there is a strongly held belief within the wine industry that increased vine age correlates with quality. Considering this perception could be explained by vine physiological differences, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vine age on phenology and gas exchange parameters. An interplanted, dry farmed, Zinfandel vineyard block under consistent management practices in the Central Coast of California was evaluated over two consecutive growing seasons. Treatments included Young vines (5 to 12 years old), Control (representative proportion of young to old vines in the block), and Old vines (40 to 60 years old). Phenology, leaf water potential, and gas exchange parameters were tracked. Results indicated a difference in phenological progression after berry set between Young and Old vines. Young vines progressed more slowly during berry formation and more rapidly during berry ripening, resulting in Young vines being harvested before Old vines due to variation in the timing of sugar accumulation. No differences in leaf water potential were found. Young vines had higher mid-day stomatal conductance and tended to have higher mid-day photosynthetic rates. The results of this study suggest vine age is a factor in phenological timing and growing season length.

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