Social Security for Medical Care: Is it Justified in Developing Countries?

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Roemer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World War I ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
World War ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Programs

Social insurance spread from Europe to the developing countries, especially in Latin America, after World War I. In these countries, however, the percentage of persons insured is typically small, so that “inequities” are created relative to the larger non–insured populations. Nevertheless, the social insurance device is justified because of its effects in upgrading the overall health service resources and promoting the general economic development of the predominantly agricultural countries. Moreover, social security programs are in the long run not obstructive to but promotive of Ministries of Health and their services.

What were the lasting effects of Thatcher’s legacy for social security? The burial of Beveridge?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hill ◽  
Alan Walker
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Concerns

This chapter examines the sustained attack on the social benefits, increasing in intensity across the period of Thatcher’s premiership. These undermined social insurance and (in interaction with other policies) contributed to the increase of poverty. They were supported by a sustained cluster of arguments—that poverty is not a problem, that people must do more to help themselves, and that in the long run a successful economy will bring income gains for all—which have created an ideological legacy (sustained by her successors, and not only her Conservative ones), which has muted the role concerns about poverty and inequality play on the political agenda.

scholarly journals A Comparison of European Union and Turkey from the Perspective of Social Parafiscal Burden (1995-2008)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevilay Gümüş
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Security Institution ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Eu

While the need for human to protect themselves againist dangers they may face all through their lifes has introduced the social security concept; reducing the harm caused to humans faced with dangers has conceived the social insurance concept. In time, the context of social security broadend and following World War II it has became an increasingly important issue around the world. The main area of the study regarding this issue is to make a comparison between the social security subsidies paid by EU member countries and Turkish Republic citizens between 1995-2008 in terms of social parafiscal burden on the citizens of that country. İn this context, the data of EuroStat, OECD, SPO and Turkish Republic Social Security Institution has been benefited from in order to make an assessement. In conclusion, the EU shows a more balanced profile in terms of social parafiscal burden and social expenditure compare to Turkey and even though the social parafiscal burden depending on the observed high informal economy, seems low in terms of numbers; it can be said that the social parafiscal burden on Turkish citizens quite heavy.

scholarly journals State policy in the field of social security for families of soldiers in ethnic military formations during the World War I (1914-1917)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Nikolay Vyacheslavovich Podpryatov ◽  
Anastasiya Dmitrievna Poperechnaya
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
First World War ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

The paper examines the normative legal acts of the First World War period, which regulated the social sphere, studied the social practices and institutions of the charity system in the national regions of the empire. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the measures of state social support and manage its delivery to certain groups of the empire population during the First World War. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that the issues of social assistance to families of soldiers and cavalrymen of ethnic military formations have not yet become the subject of deep historical research. The authors, based on the systematization of legal documents of the era and the analysis of archival materials, first introduced into scientific circulation, identify common approaches in the production of cash benefits for food, reveal the features of the implementation of social charity regulations in national regions. A comparative analysis of the social practices of the war period allows us to conclude that the governments policy in this area was systematic and quite effective. Institutions of power demonstrated timely responses to the demands of society in matters of social security of the family, which provided timely and equal material support to the families of volunteers in the army, regardless of their ethnic or religious affiliation.

The Two World Wars and Social Policy in France

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
World War I ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Support ◽  
World War ◽  
Vichy Regime ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter traces the expansion of the French welfare state prompted by the two world wars. During World War I, local-level interventionism grew massively in areas such as hospitals, but also in unemployment assistance and housing. As pronatalism fuelled many reform efforts in the interwar years, national social policy became more important, closely connected to military motivations, and social insurance legislation was introduced with broad political support. The Vichy regime continued in a broadly expansionary direction, but it was only after liberation that a certain idea of statism, unique to France, was institutionalized. The Fourth Republic’s foundational myth revolved around the welfare state and social security coverage was extended, albeit in a fragmented manner.

Investing in a Wealthy Resource-Based Colonial Economy: International Business in Australia before World War I

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-346
Author(s):  
Simon Ville ◽  
David Tolmie Merrett
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World War I ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
International Business ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Portfolio Investment ◽  
World War ◽  
Multinational Activity ◽  
Colonial Economy

The article is a rare investigation into multinational activity in a wealthy resource-based colonial economy toward the end of the first wave of globalization. It challenges the conventional wisdom that multinationals had a limited presence in pre-1914 Australia, where government loans and portfolio investment from Britain into infrastructural and primary industries dominated. Our new database of nearly five hundred foreign firms, from various nations and spread across the host economy, shows a thriving and diverse international business community whose agency mattered for economic development in Australia. Colonial ties, natural resources, stable institutions, and high incomes all attracted foreign firms.

Making History to/as the Main Pillar of Identity: The Assyrian Paradigm

Belleten ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (276) ◽  
pp. 631-646
Author(s):  
Bülent Özdemi̇r
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World War I ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
World War ◽  
Large Segment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Conditions

In the 20th century Assyrians living in Diaspora have increased their search of identity because of the social and political conditions of their present countries. In doing so, they utilize the history by picking up certain events which are still kept fresh in the collective memory of the Assyrian society. World War I, which caused a large segment of the Assyrians to emigrate from the Middle East, has been considered as the milestone event of their history. They preferred to use and evaluate the circumstances during WW I in terms of a genocidal attack of the Ottomans against their nation. This political definition dwarfs the promises which were not kept given by their Western allies during the war for an independent Assyrian state. The aspects of Assyrian civilization existed thousands of years ago as one of the real pillars of their identity suffer from the artificially developed political unification around the aspects of their doom in WWI presented as a genocidal case. Additionally, this plays an efficient role in removal of existing religious and sectarian differences for centuries among Assyrians. This paper aims at showing in the framework of primary sources how Assyrian genocidal claims are being used pragmatically in the formation of national consciousness in a very effective way. Not the Assyrian civilization but their constructed history in WWI is used for the formation of their nation definition.

scholarly journals The Scope of Protection and Financing of Social Risk in Poland on the Example of the Social Security Administration

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 835-842
Author(s):  
Roman Garbiec
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Radical Reform ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scope Of Protection

AbstractSocial risks are an unusual type of risks occurring in insurance. Their specific feature is the implementation of risk in the sphere of social life of a person with special regard to the work environment. Social risks are an element of research in economics and law and in social policy. The author of the paper shows that the structure of the Polish social insurance system is not optimal and requires radical reform. This paper contains, among others, characteristics of the scope of protection of social risks identified in Poland by Social Security Administration and the basis for financing benefits from this system. The summary of the paper presents opinions on improving the financial efficiency of this system.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on Socio-Religious Integration in Developing Countries: A Case Study of India and Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Nusrat Bano ◽  
Ghulam Mustafa ◽  
Anwar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Equality Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
Set Up

Purpose: Integrity is pre-requisite for the prosperity and development of the society. Stable integration is the sign of justice, equality, rights and duties which provides tolerated society and religious inclusion. But, developing countries still have many challenges to stabilize their socio-religious integration due to non-cooperative behavior among different segments of the society, lack of politico-religious tolerance and less socio-economic development. The other factors responsible are poor educational and health system, weak social institution, marginalized segments of society, absences of culture of welfare state. Likewise, in India, communal conflicts remain present in every time as well as Pakistan faces sectarian tension and in both countries, religious norms and attitudes are used for political purposes. Similarly, both countries have the challenges of inequality and injustices within their communities. Design/Methodology/Approach: The qualitative techniques have been applied in this research. Date has been collected from Secondary and Primary Sources. Findings: Economic development is necessary for the development of the social prosperity without it socio-religious integration is a dream. Implications/Originality/Value: The epidemic COVID-19 has challenged the socio-religiosity of the developing countries which affected the socio-economic and religious set up of these countries ruthlessly.

scholarly journals Ekonomi Pembangunan Terhadap Pengangguran di Provinsi Jambi

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Afrizal Afrizal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Unemployment in developing countries such as Indonesia, the economic development of this country as a growing number of unemployment is a problem that is more complicated and more serious than the problem of changes in income distribution are less profitable low-income residents Unemployment in Jambi Province has reached tens of thousands of people is an urgent problem that must be solved because of the impact of unemployment it would be very dangerous to the social order of life. It is a fact that various social evils such as theft / muggings/robberies, prostitution, Jula buy children, street children and others merupakandampakdaripengangguran.

scholarly journals Institutional Design and Incentives for Migrant Workers to Participate in Social Insurance in China: Evidence from a Policy Experiment in Chengdu City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihao Tian ◽  
Yuxiao Chen ◽  
Mei Zhou ◽  
Shaoyang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Policy

Abstract Background: Rural-to-urban migration has increased rapidly in China since the early 1980s, with the number of migrants reaching 376 million in 2020 (National Bureau of Statistics [NBS], 2020). Despite this sharp trend and the significant contributions that the migrants have made to urban development, migrant workers have had very limited access to the social insurance that the majority of urban workers have enjoyed. Methods: Based on the background of the social insurance system adjustment in Chengdu in 2011, we establish a difference-in-differences (DID) model to empirically test the impacts of change in social insurance policy contribution rates on migrant workers' social insurance participation rates, using the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data from 2009-2016.Results: The social insurance participation rate of migrant workers was significantly reduced after they are incorporated into the urban worker insurance system. Meanwhile, there is no significant change in the wages of migrant workers, but the working hours became longer and the consumption level turned lower. That is to say, simply changing the social insurance model of migrant workers from "comprehensive social insurance" to "urban employee insurance" reduces the incentives for migrant workers to participate in the insurance and harm the overall welfares of migrant workers.Conclusion: The design of the social security policy is an important reason for lower participation rate of migrants. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of insufficient incentives through targeted social security policies. Specifically, the first is to formulate a social security policy contribution rate suitable for the migrants. The second is to establish a comprehensive social security policy and gradually integrate the social security system.

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