Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in Older Populations with and without Cognitive Impairment

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ros ◽  
J. M. Latorre ◽  
M. J. Aguilar ◽  
J. P. Serrano ◽  
B. Navarro ◽  
...  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latefa Ali Dardas ◽  
Hanzhang Xu ◽  
Atef Shawashreh ◽  
Michelle S. Franklin ◽  
Kristin Wainwright ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Blodgett ◽  
Chantelle C. Lachance ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Melissa Co ◽  
Yu-Tzu Wu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a commonly used psychometric scale of depression. A four-factor structure (depressed affect, positive affect, somatic symptoms, and interpersonal difficulties) was initially identified in an American sample aged 18 to 65. Despite emerging evidence, a latent structure has not been established in adolescents. This review aimed to investigate the factor structure of the CES-D in adolescents. Methods We searched Web of Science, PsychINFO and Scopus and included peer-reviewed, original studies assessing the factor structure of the 20-item CES-D in adolescents aged ≤18. Two independent researchers screened results and extracted data. Results Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were primarily from school-based samples in the USA or Asia. Studies that conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 9) reported a four-factor structure consistent with the original factor structure; these studies were primarily USA-based. Conversely, studies that conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) reported distinct two or three factor structures (n = 4) and were primarily based in Asia. Limitations Studies in a non-English language and those that included individuals aged > 18 years were excluded. Ethnic or cultural differences as well as different analytical methods impacted generalisability of results. The use of CFA as the primary analysis may have biased towards a four-factor structure. Conclusions A four-factor CES-D structure was an appropriate fit for adolescents in Western countries; further research is required to determine the fit in in Asian countries. This has important implications for clinical use of the scale. Future research should consider how cultural differences shape the experience of depression in adolescents.


Brain Injury ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. McCauley ◽  
Claudia Pedroza ◽  
Sharon A. Brown ◽  
Corwin Boake ◽  
Harvey S. Levin ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Mohammad Darharaj ◽  
Mojtaba Habibi ◽  
Michael J. Power ◽  
Sanaz Pirirani ◽  
Faezeh Tehrani

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Faro ◽  
◽  
Daiane Nunes dos Santos ◽  
William W. Eaton ◽  
◽  
...  

Introduction: The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) was developed to provide an efficient screening scale for depression syndrome, mimicking the original CESD, one of the most widely used screening tools to measure depressive symptoms globally. This investigation examined the factor structure of the CESD-R with a non-clinical Brazilian population. Method: We performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of two adult samples, and also conducted invariance analysis by sex and place of residence of the participants. The full sample consisted of 1,427 adults, divided into two groups. The first sample (n = 400) was used for the EFA and the second sample (n = 1027) for the CFA. Results: The EFA indicated an internal structure composed of a single factor, which explained 53.2% of the variance. The CFA attested to the unidimensionality of the measure. Fit indices and reliability indicators showed values higher than expected, without modifications in the initial structure. The model was invariant in relation to the variables investigated at four different levels (configural, metric, scalar, and strict). Conclusions: Our findings support the utility of the CESD-R and suggest its validity for application to the Brazilian population in general.


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