Construction and Validation of an Ego Integrity Status Interview

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine Walaskay ◽  
Susan Krauss Whitbourne ◽  
Milton F. Nehrke
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Ego Integrity ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Death Attitudes ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Degree

Erikson's theory regarding the existence of an Ego Integrity versus Despair crisis in old age was tested using an interview derived from Whitbourne and Weinstock's application of Marcia's status construct to the ego integrity crisis. Four integrity statuses were defined: integrity achieving, dissonant (in crisis), foreclosed (avoiding crisis), and despairing. These statuses were reliably (80%) identified among forty elderly community-dwelling men and women through the forty-five-minute semistructured interview. Moreover, predicted differences among the four statuses were observed on questionnaire measures assessing reminiscing activity, death attitudes and preparation, psychological well-being, and questionnaire scales of Stages 6 through 8 of Erikson's theory. The pattern of differences suggested that integrity achieving and foreclosed samples differed mainly regarding their degree of introspection regarding the past, but that both appeared to have a high degree of psychological well-being. Dissonant individuals appeared to be unhappy and stressed, but this was seen as a temporary state in contrast to the more chronic nature of the despairing's low sense of psychological well-being. The validity of the integrity status construct and the interview designed to measure it have, therefore, been supported, and provide the basis for suggested refinements within Erikson's description of the Ego Integrity versus Despair stage.

scholarly journals Secular trends in functional abilities, health and psychological well-being among community-dwelling 75- to 95-year-old cohorts over three decades in Helsinki, Finland

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110076
Author(s):  
Hanna R. Öhman ◽  
Helena Karppinen ◽  
Tuuli E. Lehti ◽  
Mia T. Knuutila ◽  
Reijo Tilvis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Past ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Important Objective ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Better Than

Background: Life expectancy has increased markedly in the past decades. Thus, it is of great importance to understand how people are ageing and if the trajectories of health and disability are changing over time. This study aimed to examine trends in functional abilities and health in independent cohorts of people aged 75–95 over three decades. Methods: This Helsinki Ageing Study consists of repeated cross-sectional postal surveys examining independent cohorts of old people (75, 80, 85 and 90+ years old). This study combined data from four waves (1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019). Results: In the most recent wave, there was an increase in the portion of participants who were able to walk outdoors easily (75-year-olds p=0.03, 80-year-olds p=0.002, 85-year-olds p<0.001; p for linearity for the study year effect, all adjusted for sex). Fewer people in the youngest age group (75-year-olds) needed daily help from another person in 2019 compared to the earlier waves ( p=0.02 for linearity for the study year). Over the past three decades, the proportions of self-reported good mobility have risen 8.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3–15.1) in 75-year-olds, 11.7% (95% CI 3.9–19.6) in 80-year-olds and 20.1% (95% CI 10.7–29.4) in 85-year-olds, after adjusting for sex. Furthermore, in 2019, more people rated their health as good and scored better in psychological well-being than in the previous waves among 75-, 80- and 85-year-olds. However, no improvements were found among 90+-year-olds in any of these variables. Conclusions: People between 75 and 85 years old are presently feeling and functioning better than their predecessors. This may be an important objective for both economics and health policy.

Work Experiences and Psychological Well-Being of Former Hospital-Based Nurses Now Employed Elsewhere

2002 ◽  
Vol 91 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1059-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Past

Hospitals in Ontario have undergone significant restructuring and downsizing during the past few years. Such changes have created negative reactions among both those who survive the downsizing and those who lose their jobs involuntarily. This study compared work satisfactions and indicators of psychological well-being of 36 nurses during these changes and three years later when they were employed elsewhere. Job satisfaction and psychological well-being increased while psychological burnout decreased in this sample.

scholarly journals “EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUPACTIVITIES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING AMONG ELDERLY LIVING IN SELECTED OLD AGE HOMES, UTTRAKHAND”

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Divya Gaur ◽  
J. ManoRanjini ◽  
Grace Madonna Singh
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Elderly Living ◽  
Old Age Homes

Ageing is a phase when an individual faces many physical and psychological changes with the passing of years that ultimately affects their life style and their health status also1. Psychological problems and changes in psychological health can directly affect daily activities of the person as he or she will not be able to carry out those activities with their full potential. And due to the less awareness and information about the psychological problems and treatment, they lack to access the services and treatment properly3. Method- Quantitative research approach was adopted; total 61 participants were selected through Consecutive sampling technique. Data was collected by administering Socio- demographic Performa, and Ryff’s Psychological well being scale. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result- In the present study the psychological well being of people residing in elderly homes before the intervention was assessed using interview method. Results shows that majority of sample (91.8%) had good psychological well being , followed by average (8.19%) psychological well being during pre- intervention assessment. Where the post intervention level of psychological well being was found very good in 100% sample. Conclusion- The study concludes that the elderly who are residing in retirement homes without family have some sort of decrease in psychological well being for many reasons they are not able to adjust in the demographic shift and lose their well being. After getting involved in activities, elderly psychological well being was improved to some extent. For all the elderly living in selected old age homes, it’s found that getting involved in group task or activities is a good and effective way to overcome the situation, and it has helped to improved their psychological wellbeing.

scholarly journals Depression and Psychological Well-Being as Distinct Constructs: Mutually Exclusive Associations With Biomarker

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 251-251
Author(s):  
Kheng Siang Ted Ng ◽  
Shu Cheng Wong ◽  
Glenn Wong ◽  
Ee Heok Kua ◽  
Anis Larbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Factor Score ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Despite increasing emphasis on assessing the mental health of older adults, there has been inconclusive evidence on whether depression and psychological well-being (PWB) are fundamentally distinct constructs or representations of the opposite ends of the mental health spectrum. To instantiate either hypothesis, investigation of the associations between mental health scales and biomarkers have been proposed. First, we assessed depressive symptoms and PWB in community-dwelling older adults (N=59, mean age=67) using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Ryff’s Scale of PWB (comprising six sub-scales). We measured a wide range of immune markers employing ELISA and flow cytometry. Subsequently, we used principal component analysis (PCA) to aggregate and derived biomarker factor scores. Lastly, multiple linear regressions were performed to examine the associations between the scales and the derived biomarker factor scores, controlling for covariates. PCA extracted six biomarker factors. Biomarker factor score 1 was significantly associated with PWB (β=-0.029, p=0.035) and the PWB sub-scale, self-acceptance (β=-0.089, p=0.047), while biomarker factor score 4 was significantly associated with the PWB sub-scale, purpose in life (β=-0.087, p=0.025). On the other hand, biomarker factor 6 was significantly associated with SDS (β=-0.070, p=0.008). There were mutually- exclusive associations between the scales with biomarker factor scores, supporting the hypothesis of distinct constructs. Our findings expanded the biomarkers of depression and PWB, deepening understanding of the biological underpinnings of depressive symptoms and PWB. These findings have implications in field work, since researchers could not infer one construct from the other, the examination of both constructs are essential.

scholarly journals Job Satisfaction: Analysis of Gender Differences (On the Materials of a Sociological Survey of the Vologda Region)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-245
Author(s):  
Elena A. Basova
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Of Working Life ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
High Degree

Improving the quality of working life (QWL) is one of the conditions for intensifying economic growth. The key benchmark here is satisfaction with the work of the working population. Knowledge of the specifics of gender distribution in assessments of job satisfaction contributes to a detailed study of motivational mechanisms and directions (methods) of management practices. A limited cross-section of research on this topic justifies research interest in this area of scientific knowledge. The use of methods of statistical analysis made it possible to identify the features of subjective assessments of men and women in well-being and satisfaction with work life. The information base of the study was the survey data conducted by the Vologda Research Center in 2018. The lowest level of satisfaction among men and women with respect to wages and activities of a trade union organization was determined. An equally high degree of subjective assessments was revealed in the two studied groups in terms of the psychological aspects of labor. The typology of personalities among men and women in relation to satisfaction (well-being) with work activity has been substantiated. Among men, the professionally and status-prosperous personality type predominates; among women, a socially prosperous personality type is distinguished (apart from the material and professional components). The directions are proposed that contribute to the growth of job satisfaction in the context of the two studied groups.

scholarly journals Validation of the detection of elder abuse through emergency care technicians (DETECT) screening tool: a study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e037170
Author(s):  
Brad Cannell ◽  
Julie Weitlauf ◽  
Melvin D Livingston ◽  
Jason Burnett ◽  
Megin Parayil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Semistructured Interview

IntroductionElder mistreatment (EM) is a high prevalence threat to the health and well-being of older adults in the USA. Medics are well-positioned to help with identification of older adults at risk for EM, however, field robust screening tools appropriate for efficient, observation-based screening are lacking. Prior work by this team focused on the development and initial pilot testing of an observation-based EM screening tool named detection of elder abuse through emergency care technicians (DETECT), designed to be implemented by medics during the course of an emergency response (911) call. The objective of the present work is to validate and further refine this tool in preparation for clinical dissemination.Methods and analysisApproximately 59 400 community-dwelling older adults who place 911 calls during the 36-month study observation period will be screened by medics responding to the call using the DETECT tool. Next, a random subsample of 2520 of the 59 400 older adults screened will be selected to participate in a follow-up interview approximately 2 weeks following the completion of the screening. Follow-up interviews will consist of a medic-led semistructured interview designed to assess the older adult’s likelihood of abuse exposure, physical/mental health status, cognitive functioning, and to systematically evaluate the quality and condition of their physical and social living environment. The data from 25% (n=648) of these follow-up interviews will be presented to a longitudinal, experts and all data panel for a final determination of EM exposure status, representing the closest proxy to a ‘gold standard’ measure available.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been reviewed and approved by the Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects at the University of Texas School of Public Health. The results will be disseminated through formal presentations at local, national and international conferences and through publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Gender and Psychological Well-Being

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Mohsen Khanbani ◽  
Asghar Aghaee ◽  
Mohsen Gol Parvar
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Environmental Mastery ◽  
Self Acceptance ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was" Examine the relationship between gender and psychological well-being" (Self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery and personal growth) among married men and women in Isfahan.The research sample included men and women who have been living together for 5 to 10 years.For this purpose, the sample consisted of 231 couples based on a multi-stage sampling selected and studied.The research method was descriptive, causal-comparative. Research tools was Psychological well-being questionnaire Reef (2009).The results showed that there was significant difference between men and women in positive relations with others, environmental mastery and personal growth (p≤0.01) . But there was no significant relationship in self-acceptance and Autonomy.

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