Differential Expectations and Realities: Race, Socioeconomic Status and Health of the Oldest-Old

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Differential Expectations ◽  
Socioeconomic Status And Health ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Economic Well Being

Comparisons by race indicate that African Americans are significantly more disadvantaged than whites in their socioeconomic status. Despite complaints about their situation, however, African Americans report that their situation is better than they had expected. Although they perceive their health as poorer than whites, they are no more disabled functionally, and they have significantly better morale. Within-group correlations find the predictable associations between socioeconomic status and physical, psychological, and social outcomes for both groups. Nevertheless, both qualitative and quantitative data indicate that economic well-being is related to the congruence between expectations and the realities of life in advanced old age, making objective and subjective factors of similar importance.

The Effects of Mother’s Marital Status on Adolescent and Young Adult Health and Economic Well-Being Among African Americans

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1065-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. LaVeist ◽  
Tia L. Zeno ◽  
Ruth G. Fesahazion
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Childhood Exposure ◽  
Young Adult Health ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Economic Well Being

This article explores the effects of being raised by married parents during childhood on health and well-being in adolescence and young adulthood in a longitudinal sample of African Americans. This study aims to address the following three questions: Does childhood with married patients lead to better health and well-being during adolescence? Does childhood with married patients lead to better health and well-being in young adulthood? Do the health effects of childhood with married patients differ for male and female? The authors found modest direct effects of childhood exposure to marriage on health for females. Having at least some childhood marriage exposure was also associated with several positive health behaviors. There is modest evidence that marriage bestows health benefits for children and that these benefits endure into young adulthood.

Introduction to the Special Issue: Males of Color and School Counseling

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_part_4) ◽  
pp. 2156759X2110400
Author(s):  
James L. Moore ◽  
Erik M. Hines ◽  
Paul C. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Counseling ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
The Social

The sense of urgency for addressing the concerns of males of color cannot be overstated. The reality of racial discrimination and trauma is present for males of color in urban, suburban, and rural settings and regardless of their socioeconomic status. Such oppressive conditions in education, criminal justice, health, and employment, for example, wreak havoc on their overall well-being and advancement in society. Until the systems constraining the progress of males of color are addressed through substantive policy and practice, the social, economic, and educational struggles will persist. This special issue presents 19 theoretical, qualitative, and quantitative articles focusing specifically on the experiences of males of color in educational settings and the importance of school counselors in helping them to thrive.

scholarly journals Family Representations of Preschool Age Children Living in Families of Different Socio-Economic Status

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-101
Author(s):  
A.A. Shvedovskaya ◽  
T.Yu. Zagvozdkina
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Financial Anxiety ◽  
Economic Well Being ◽  
Family Representation

A child’s family representation is one of the crucial factors of psychological and social development in older preschoolers. The article emphasizes that the relationships between a child’s family socioeconomic status (SES) and family representation are mediated. Family members’ perception and evaluation of their socioeconomic status are conditioned with subjective economic well- being. It influences family functioning which, in its turn, conditions particular characteristics of a child’s emotional experiences in family situation and his/her family representations. The analysis of relationships between subjective economic well-being of family members and a child’s family representations demonstrates the trend to increase in severity of poor well-being markers in case of increase of parental markers of financial stress, financial deprivation and financial anxiety. An empirical classification of family representation types in children from families with various SES is provided. It includes positive family representation “Favorable family”, family representation with some elements of disharmony “Unstable family”, representation of a distant family “Distant family”, conflict family representation “Conflict family”, negative family representation “Unfavorable family”.

scholarly journals What Happens to a Nursing Home Chain When Private Equity Takes Over? A Longitudinal Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 004695801774276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Bos ◽  
Charlene Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Staffing Levels

We analyzed what happens to a nursing home chain when private equity takes over, with regard to strategy, financial performance, and resident well-being. We conducted a longitudinal (2000-2012) case study of a large nursing home chain that triangulated qualitative and quantitative data from 5 different data sources. Results show that private equity owners continued and reinforced several strategies that were already put in place before the takeover, including a focus on keeping staffing levels low; the new owners added restructuring, rebranding, and investment strategies such as establishing new companies, where the nursing home chain served as an essential “launch customer.”

Economic Well-Being

2018 ◽  
pp. 249-274
Author(s):  
Gary S. Fields
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Planner ◽  
Income Distributions ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Economic Well Being

This chapter asks a simple question: When is one income distribution better than another? Here, the “better” society is that into which you would choose to be born, or that which you would choose if you were a social planner. It bears mention that the analytical methods introduced in this chapter apply not only to income distributions but to evaluations of economic states in general.

Life Span: Oldest-Old and Advanced Old Age (After the Age 85)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith G. Gonyea
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Policy Challenge ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Economic Well Being

As a result of rising life expectancies, America’s older population is itself aging. The U.S. Census Bureau projections suggest that, by the middle of the 21st century, more than 40% of Americans aged 65 and older can expect to live to at least the age of 90. Although the oldest-old (often defined as persons ages 80 and older or those ages 85-plus) is a diverse population, advanced old age is associated with a greater risk of experiencing economic hardship, disabling illnesses or health conditions, and social isolation. A growing public policy challenge will be ensuring the economic well-being, the health, and the dignity of society’s very oldest citizens.

Introduction: Social and Cultural Diversity of the Oldest-Old

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
White Families ◽  
The Social

This introduction describes a volume devoted to a much neglected topic and population, the social and cultural diversity among individuals eighty-five years old and older. Four articles come from the San Francisco 85+ Study: 1) comparisons by Colleen Johnson between whites and African Americans in socioeconomic status, health, and other outcomes; 2) Barbara Barer's analysis of gender differences in the stressors faced in late-life; 3) Charlotte Perry and Colleen Johnson's examination of the families of oldest-old African Americans; 4) Lillian Troll's analysis of white families. The fifth article by Gloria Clayton on rural/urban differences comes from the Georgia Centenarian Study. Finally the volume concludes with a commentary by Leonard Pearlin that places these studies into the broader context of aging research.

scholarly journals Advancing the Science of Well-Being

2021 ◽  
pp. 521-535
Author(s):  
Carol D. Ryff ◽  
Jennifer Morozink Boylan ◽  
Julie A. Kirsch
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Objective Indicators ◽  
Socioeconomic Status And Health

We question use of the term “well-being” to encompass notably distinct phenomena (objective indicators of socioeconomic status and health, subjective indicators of psychological experience) and dispute characterization of the field of well-being as relatively new. We also call for greater interplay between government surveys and multiuse cohort studies, both of which increasingly focus on well-being. The MIDUS study is presented as an example of how to negotiate distinct disciplinary priorities in broad-based studies of well-being and health, including those that take context seriously. We conclude with explanations for why we do not endorse any of the measurement recommendations (single-item measures, 4- to 6-item measures, multi-item assessments) put forth in the preceding chapter, arguing that the ultra-short assessments ignore extensive prior science documenting the complex, multifaceted nature of well-being, while the proposed longer assessment (Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving) suffers from multiple problems including a questionable conceptual foundation, inadequate evidence of validity and reliability, and highly redundant items.

scholarly journals Depression, Poverty, and Abuse Experience in Suicide Ideation Among Older Koreans

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Young Lee ◽  
Madhu Sudhan Atteraya
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Economic Well Being

We examined to what extent the depression, poverty, and elder abuse experience affect suicide ideation among older Koreans. The data from the Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons were used. A sample of 10,279 members was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger old (65–69 years) were more likely to have suicide ideation that oldest old (80 years and older). After including all predicting variables such as depression, poverty, and abuse experience, results showed that depression, poverty, and abuse experience remained predictors for suicide ideation. Higher level of depression ( OR = 1.19) was positively associated with suicide ideation. Poor older person ( OR = 1.59) and those who experienced abuse ( OR = 2.37) were more likely to have suicide ideation than their counterparts. We conclude that suicide prevention policy needs to take a holistic approach, which integrates the mental health of the older people, family welfare, and economic well-being.

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