The Urban Fiscal Crisis in the United States, National Health Insurance, and Municipal Hospitals

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Craig ◽  
Michael Koleda
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
York City ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fiscal Stress ◽  
The Impact

The fiscal stress which many U.S. cities are currently experiencing, the persistent problems of large-city local government hospitals, the recent decisions for selected public hospital closings in New York City and Philadelphia, and the prospective enactment of a program of national health insurance collectively raise questions about the viability of the nation's major municipal hospitals. While the majority of the nation's 40 largest cities are in a state of economic and demographic decline, the diversity which characterizes their fiscal conditions and their responses to fiscal stress suggests caution in generalizing from the highly publicized New York City experience in assessing the ability of cities to continue to maintain public hospital activities. Indeed, there is considerable evidence to indicate that the staying power of municipal hospitals is quite substantial even in circumstances of severe fiscal stress. Further, analysis of the effect of Medicaid implementation on municipal hospital utilization and of the impact of prospective national health insurance programs on the demand for and supply of medical services suggests that municipal hospitals will continue to be important providers of health care services for many years to come.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Immigrant and US-Born Adults in New York City

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110075
Author(s):  
Claudia Chernov ◽  
Lisa Wang ◽  
Lorna E. Thorpe ◽  
Nadia Islam ◽  
Amy Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Objectives Immigrant adults tend to have better health than native-born adults despite lower incomes, but the health advantage decreases with length of residence. To determine whether immigrant adults have a health advantage over US-born adults in New York City, we compared cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among both groups. Methods Using data from the New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014, we assessed health insurance coverage, health behaviors, and health conditions, comparing adults ages ≥20 born in the 50 states or the District of Columbia (US-born) with adults born in a US territory or outside the United States (immigrants, following the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) and comparing US-born adults with (1) adults who immigrated recently (≤10 years) and (2) adults who immigrated earlier (>10 years). Results For immigrant adults, the mean time since arrival in the United States was 21.8 years. Immigrant adults were significantly more likely than US-born adults to lack health insurance (22% vs 12%), report fair or poor health (26% vs 17%), have hypertension (30% vs 23%), and have diabetes (20% vs 11%) but significantly less likely to smoke (18% vs 27%) (all P < .05). Comparable proportions of immigrant adults and US-born adults were overweight or obese (67% vs 63%) and reported CVD (both 7%). Immigrant adults who arrived recently were less likely than immigrant adults who arrived earlier to have diabetes or high cholesterol but did not differ overall from US-born adults. Conclusions Our findings may help guide prevention programs and policy efforts to ensure that immigrant adults remain healthy.

NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE: CAN WE LEARN FROM CANADA? Edited by Spyros Andreopoulos. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1975, $10.95; 273 pp

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-780
Author(s):  
George M. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Program ◽  
National Program ◽  
Distant Future

The assumption is widely prevalent that the United States will have in the not too distant future some form of national health insurance. The questions being debated now are what kind of national program and how it will be legislated. Now that we may be on the threshold of another multibillion dollar social program, it is prudent to examine carefully the successes and errors of other countries in order to guide our planners to wise decisions and to avoid costly mistakes.

scholarly journals Impact of hepatitis B on mortality and specific causes of death in adults with and without HIV co-infection in NYC, 2000–2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (16) ◽  
pp. 3354-3364 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. PINCHOFF ◽  
O. C. TRAN ◽  
L. CHEN ◽  
K. BORNSCHLEGEL ◽  
A. DROBNIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
York City ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYHigh rates of immigration from endemic countries contribute to the high chronic hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence in New York City (NYC) compared to the United States overall, i.e. about 1 million individuals. We describe the impact of HBV infection on mortality and specific causes of death in NYC. We matched surveillance and vital statistics mortality data collected from 2000 to 2011 by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) and analysed demographics and premature deaths (i.e. whether death occurred at <65 years) in persons with and without chronic HBV or HIV infection (excluding those with hepatitis C). From 2000 to 2011, a total of 588 346 adults died in NYC. Of all decedents, 568 753 (97%) had no report of HIV or HBV, and 4346 (0·7%) had an HBV report. Of HBV-infected decedents, 1074 (25%) were HIV co-infected. Fifty-five percent of HBV mono-infected and 95% of HBV/HIV co-infected decedents died prematurely. HBV disproportionately impacts two subgroups: Chinese immigrants and HIV-infected individuals. These two subgroups are geographically clustered in different neighbourhoods of NYC. Tailoring prevention and treatment messages to each group is necessary to reduce the overall burden of HBV in NYC.

The Resurgence of Tuberculosis in the United States: Societal Origins and Societal Responses

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor W. Sidel ◽  
Ernest Drucker ◽  
Steven C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Services ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Planning of effective responses to the recent resurgence of tuberculosis in the United States, and particularly in New York City, requires review of our knowledge of (1) the factors that led to the decline of tuberculosis in the U.S. and other countries during the nineteenth and the first three-quarters of the twentieth century, and (2) the recent changes in these same factors and the rise of new factors that have contributed to its resurgence. Because the analysis of the impact of all of these factors in both the remote and the recent past is controversial, it is important to use a well-defined framework to organize the analysis. The framework we will use is shown in Table 1. To the classic epidemiologic triad of Agent, Host and Environment it adds the category of Health Services. In this paper we redefine both the classic and new categories using current disciplines and concepts applicable to tuberculosis.

A Comparison of Common Health Indicators From Two Surveys of Latinos in the Bronx, New York

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Aldo Crossa ◽  
Jillian Jessup ◽  
Sze Yan Liu ◽  
Carmen R. Isasi ◽  
David B. Hanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Population health surveys inform and demonstrate the impact of public health policies. However, the performance of such surveys in specific groups of interest (e.g., Hispanics/Latinos in a neighborhood of New York City) is rarely studied. Method: We compared measures for obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and current smoking based on the New York City Community Health Survey (CHS, a telephone survey of New York City adults) with the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), an in-person survey of Hispanic/Latino adults in four communities in the United States (2008-2011), including the Bronx. CHS data were limited to Hispanic/Latinos living in the HCHS/SOL Bronx catchment area. Results: Compared with CHS, HCHS/SOL estimated higher prevalence of obesity (in HCHS/SOL, PHCHS/SOL = 45.0% vs. in CHS, PCHS = 30.6%, p < .01) and current smoking (PHCHS/SOL = 21.2% vs. PCHS = 16.2%, p < .01) but similar for hypertension (PHCHS/SOL = 33.1% vs. PCHS = 33.8%, p > .05) and diabetes (PHCHS/SOL = 15.2% vs. PCHS = 15.7%, p > .05). Stratified estimates (by age, sex, education, and Hispanic/Latino heritage) followed similar trends. Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the importance of assessing potential bias in population-based surveys of Hispanics/Latinos and other populations of interest and highlights the complex nature of measuring health outcomes via population-based surveys.

Copayment and National Health Insurance in the United States: A Critique of Work by Newhouse, Phelps, and Schwartz

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-501
Author(s):  
Steven Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Care Delivery System ◽  
Insurance Program ◽  
Health Insurance Program ◽  
Ambulatory Services ◽  
The Impact

In “Policy Options and the Impact of National Health Insurance,” Newhouse, Phelps, and Schwartz concluded that any national health insurance program which did not provide for high user copayments, particularly for ambulatory services, would swamp, and ultimately wreck, the health care delivery system, particularly for ambulatory services. This paper presents a detailed critique of their work. Three major points of criticism are raised:- First, Newhouse et al. have engaged in some questionable methodological practices. Second, they fall into a serious contradiction in gathering evidence to support their basic postulate. Third, they adopt a unidimensional view in proposing solutions to the problems which they predict will arise. From these criticisms, the conclusion is drawn that Newhouse et al. failed to prove their case.

scholarly journals Smoking Habits of the Homeless

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Weiner ◽  
Mark Rabiner ◽  
Thomas Marron
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Impact

The homeless population in the United States remains high, with over 600,000 homeless on any given night, and surveys in multiple homeless communities have found smoking rates to range from 68 to 80%, 3–4 times the national average (Baggett, Tobey, & Rigotti, 2013). This high rate is of grave concern to this vulnerable population, as cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of premature death in the United States, and cardiovascular disease and cancers of the lung and airway secondary to smoking are the leading causes of death within the homeless population (Porter, Houston, Anderson & Maryman, 2011). Over the last two decades, moves to curb smoking in New York City through taxation and bans on indoor smoking resulted in significantly lower smoking rates throughout the city (Coady et al., 2012). However, as primary care providers to the homeless, we have noted continued high rates of smoking among our patients despite the citywide success of cessation programs, and whether the changes over the last two decades have affected smoking rates in this vulnerable population has not been assessed in the literature. We conducted a survey of 224 homeless adults in New York City shelter walk-in clinics in the 2013 calendar year to assess the current prevalence of smoking in this population, and assess the impact of restrictions, specifically precipitous elevation in prices.

Applying the Devil's Works in a Holy Cause: Working-Class Popular Culture and the Salvation Army in the United States, 1879-1900

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-223
Author(s):  
Lillian Taiz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Salvation Army ◽  
Public Meeting ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sunday Evening

Forty-eight hours after they landed in New York City in 1880, a small contingent of the Salvation Army held their first public meeting at the infamous Harry Hill's Variety Theater. The enterprising Hill, alerted to the group's arrival from Britain by newspaper reports, contacted their leader, Commissioner George Scott Railton, and offered to pay the group to “do a turn” for “an hour or two on … Sunday evening.” In nineteenth-century New York City, Harry Hill's was one of the best known concert saloons, and reformers considered him “among the disreputable classes” of that city. His saloon, they said, was “nothing more than one of the many gates to hell.”

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